From: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
To: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>,
	patches@lists.linux.dev,
	Ali Ahmet Memis <ali@iusegentoo.com>,
	Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>,
	"Christian Brauner (Amutable)" <brauner@kernel.org>
Subject: [PATCH 6.12 0816/1102] ufs: validate cylinder group metadata before caching it
Date: Thu, 17 Sep 2026 16:12:39 +0100
Message-ID: <20260917151600.984102677@linuxfoundation.org>
In-Reply-To: <20260917151539.408551884@linuxfoundation.org>
References: <20260917151539.408551884@linuxfoundation.org>
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6.12-stable review patch.  If anyone has any objections, please let me know.

------------------

From: Ali Ahmet Memis <ali@iusegentoo.com>

commit c9d263be26806d388129fab8c6904bed197fc6af upstream.

ufs_read_cylinder() copies the cylinder group index and the rotor
positions straight from the on-disk group and caches them without any
check:

	ucpi->c_cgx    = fs32_to_cpu(sb, ucg->cg_cgx);
	ucpi->c_rotor  = fs32_to_cpu(sb, ucg->cg_rotor);
	ucpi->c_frotor = fs32_to_cpu(sb, ucg->cg_frotor);
	ucpi->c_irotor = fs32_to_cpu(sb, ucg->cg_irotor);

They are then used as indices during allocation and free:

  - c_cgx indexes the cylinder summary array as
    UFS_SB(sb)->fs_cs(ucpi->c_cgx), so a value past s_ncg writes a 32
    bit count outside the s_csp allocation.

  - c_frotor becomes a bitmap scan start, start = c_frotor >> 3, and
    then length = ((s_fpg + 7) >> 3) - start. A start beyond the block
    bitmap wraps the unsigned length to a huge value, so ubh_scanc()
    walks far past the cylinder group buffers. c_irotor drives the
    inode bitmap the same way.

A crafted image can set any of these freely, turning an ordinary
allocation into an out of bounds access.

Reject a cylinder group whose recorded index does not match the group
being read, or whose rotors fall outside the group, before the metadata
is cached. Valid filesystems keep cg_cgx equal to the group number and
the rotors within the group, so only malformed images are rejected.

Fixes: 1da177e4c3f4 ("Linux-2.6.12-rc2")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ali Ahmet Memis <ali@iusegentoo.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260801071306.59484-3-ali@iusegentoo.com
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
---
 fs/ufs/cylinder.c |   10 ++++++++++
 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+)

--- a/fs/ufs/cylinder.c
+++ b/fs/ufs/cylinder.c
@@ -66,6 +66,16 @@ static void ufs_read_cylinder (struct su
 	ucpi->c_clustersumoff = fs32_to_cpu(sb, ucg->cg_u.cg_44.cg_clustersumoff);
 	ucpi->c_clusteroff = fs32_to_cpu(sb, ucg->cg_u.cg_44.cg_clusteroff);
 	ucpi->c_nclusterblks = fs32_to_cpu(sb, ucg->cg_u.cg_44.cg_nclusterblks);
+
+	/* these on-disk values become array and bitmap indices */
+	if (ucpi->c_cgx != cgno ||
+	    ucpi->c_rotor >= uspi->s_fpg ||
+	    ucpi->c_frotor >= uspi->s_fpg ||
+	    ucpi->c_irotor >= uspi->s_ipg) {
+		ufs_error(sb, __func__,
+			  "inconsistent metadata in cylinder group %u\n", cgno);
+		goto failed;
+	}
 	UFSD("EXIT\n");
 	return;