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ARM: add support for hw-breakpoints [v3]

RFC PATCH New Will Deacon 1 participant 6 messages Jun 10, 2010 – Jun 16, 2010

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#0 lore raw

cover ARM: add support for hw-breakpoints [v3]

This is version 3 of the RFC patches originally posted at:

v1.) http://lists.infradead.org/pipermail/linux-arm-kernel/2010-February/009084.html
v2.) http://lists.infradead.org/pipermail/linux-arm-kernel/2010-March/011170.html

Changes from v2 include:
- Based on 2.6.35-rc2
- Updated to use new hw-breakpoint API features
- Addressed some comments from Frederic on LKML
- Complete redesign of the ptrace interface so that it follows the ARM ARM (v7) register structure more closely.

Unfortunately, I've only managed to compile-test this and check that the resulting image boots. The main reasons for posting are (a) to support current GDB development and (b) to attract comments on the code.

All comments welcome.

Cc Frederic Weisbecker <[email protected]>
Cc S. Karthikeyan <[email protected]>

Will Deacon (4):
ARM: hw-breakpoint: add mechanism for hooking into prefetch aborts
ARM: hw-breakpoint: add ARM backend for the hw-breakpoint framework
ARM: hw-breakpoint: add new ptrace requests for hw-breakpoint
interaction
ARM: hw-breakpoint: add HAVE_HW_BREAKPOINT to Kconfig

 arch/arm/Kconfig                     |    1 +
 arch/arm/include/asm/hw_breakpoint.h |  117 ++++++
 arch/arm/include/asm/processor.h     |    4 +
 arch/arm/include/asm/ptrace.h        |    2 +
 arch/arm/include/asm/system.h        |    3 +
 arch/arm/kernel/Makefile             |    1 +
 arch/arm/kernel/hw_breakpoint.c      |  734 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 arch/arm/kernel/ptrace.c             |  196 +++++++++
 arch/arm/mm/fault.c                  |   11 +
 9 files changed, 1069 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 arch/arm/include/asm/hw_breakpoint.h
 create mode 100644 arch/arm/kernel/hw_breakpoint.c
#1 lore raw

PATCH 1/4 ARM: hw-breakpoint: add mechanism for hooking into prefetch aborts

On ARM processors with hardware breakpoint and watchpoint support, triggering these events results in a debug exception. These manifest as prefetch and data aborts respectively.

arch/arm/mm/fault.c already provides hook_fault_code for hooking into data aborts dependent on the DFSR. This patch adds a new function, hook_ifault_code for hooking into prefetch aborts in the same manner.

Cc Frederic Weisbecker <[email protected]>
Cc S. Karthikeyan <[email protected]>
---
 arch/arm/include/asm/system.h |    3 +++
 arch/arm/mm/fault.c           |   11 +++++++++++
 2 files changed, 14 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
arch/arm/include/asm/system.h +3 -0
index 5f4f480..42da2f8 100644
@@ -84,6 +84,9 @@ void arm_notify_die(const char *str, struct pt_regs *regs, struct siginfo *info,
 void hook_fault_code(int nr, int (*fn)(unsigned long, unsigned int,
 				       struct pt_regs *),
 		     int sig, const char *name);
+void hook_ifault_code(int nr, int (*fn)(unsigned long, unsigned int,
+				       struct pt_regs *),
+		     int sig, const char *name);
 
 #define xchg(ptr,x) \
 	((__typeof__(*(ptr)))__xchg((unsigned long)(x),(ptr),sizeof(*(ptr))))
arch/arm/mm/fault.c +11 -0
index 92f5801..a71b410 100644
@@ -572,6 +572,17 @@ static struct fsr_info ifsr_info[] = {
 	{ do_bad,		SIGBUS,  0,		"unknown 31"			   },
 };
 
+void __init
+hook_ifault_code(int nr, int (*fn)(unsigned long, unsigned int, struct pt_regs *),
+			int sig, const char *name)
+{
+	if (nr >= 0 && nr < ARRAY_SIZE(ifsr_info)) {
+		ifsr_info[nr].fn   = fn;
+		ifsr_info[nr].sig  = sig;
+		ifsr_info[nr].name = name;
+	}
+}
+
 asmlinkage void __exception
 do_PrefetchAbort(unsigned long addr, unsigned int ifsr, struct pt_regs *regs)
 {
Signature · 1 line
1.6.3.3
#2 lore raw

PATCH 2/4 ARM: hw-breakpoint: add ARM backend for the hw-breakpoint framework

The hw-breakpoint framework in the kernel requires architecture-specific support in order to install, remove, validate and manage hardware breakpoints.

This patch adds preliminary support for this framework to the ARM architecture, but restricts the number of watchpoints to a single resource to get around the fact that the Data Fault Address Register is unpredictable when a watchpoint debug exception is taken.

Currently, clients must handle synchronous breakpoint exceptions. This requires the ability to single-step over the causative instruction to avoid getting stuck in an infinite loop.

The memory-mapped extended debug interface is unsupported due to its unreliability in real implementations.

Cc Frederic Weisbecker <[email protected]>
Cc S. Karthikeyan <[email protected]>
---
 arch/arm/include/asm/hw_breakpoint.h |  117 ++++++
 arch/arm/kernel/hw_breakpoint.c      |  721 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 838 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 arch/arm/include/asm/hw_breakpoint.h
 create mode 100644 arch/arm/kernel/hw_breakpoint.c
arch/arm/include/asm/hw_breakpoint.h new file +117 -0
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c995219
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+#ifndef _ARM_HW_BREAKPOINT_H
+#define _ARM_HW_BREAKPOINT_H
+
+#ifdef __KERNEL__
+struct arch_hw_breakpoint_ctrl {
+		u32 __reserved	: 19,
+		len		: 8,
+		type		: 2,
+		privilege	: 2,
+		enabled		: 1;
+};
+
+struct arch_hw_breakpoint {
+	u32	address;
+	u32	trigger;
+	struct arch_hw_breakpoint_ctrl ctrl;
+};
+
+static inline u32 encode_ctrl_reg(struct arch_hw_breakpoint_ctrl ctrl)
+{
+	return (ctrl.len << 5) | (ctrl.type << 3) |
+		(ctrl.privilege << 1) | ctrl.enabled;
+}
+
+static inline void decode_ctrl_reg(u32 reg,
+				   struct arch_hw_breakpoint_ctrl *ctrl)
+{
+	ctrl->enabled	= reg & 0x1;
+	reg >>= 1;
+	ctrl->privilege	= reg & 0x3;
+	reg >>= 2;
+	ctrl->type	= reg & 0x3;
+	reg >>= 2;
+	ctrl->len	= reg & 0xff;
+}
+
+/* Debug architecture numbers. */
+#define ARM_DEBUG_ARCH_V6	1
+#define ARM_DEBUG_ARCH_V6_1	2
+#define ARM_DEBUG_ARCH_V7_ECP14	3
+#define ARM_DEBUG_ARCH_V7_MM	4
+
+/* Breakpoint */
+#define ARM_BREAKPOINT_EXECUTE	0
+
+/* Watchpoints */
+#define ARM_BREAKPOINT_LOAD	1
+#define ARM_BREAKPOINT_STORE	2
+
+/* Privilege Levels */
+#define ARM_BREAKPOINT_PRIV	1
+#define ARM_BREAKPOINT_USER	2
+
+/* Lengths */
+#define ARM_BREAKPOINT_LEN_1	0x1
+#define ARM_BREAKPOINT_LEN_2	0x3
+#define ARM_BREAKPOINT_LEN_4	0xf
+#define ARM_BREAKPOINT_LEN_8	0xff
+
+/* Limits */
+#define ARM_MAX_BRP		16
+#define ARM_MAX_WRP		16
+#define ARM_MAX_HBP_SLOTS	(ARM_MAX_BRP + ARM_MAX_WRP)
+
+/* DSCR method of entry bits. */
+#define ARM_DSCR_MOE(x)			((x >> 2) & 0xf)
+#define ARM_ENTRY_BREAKPOINT		0x1
+#define ARM_ENTRY_ASYNC_WATCHPOINT	0x2
+#define ARM_ENTRY_SYNC_WATCHPOINT	0xa
+
+/* DSCR monitor/halting bits. */
+#define ARM_DSCR_HDBGEN		(1 << 14)
+#define ARM_DSCR_MDBGEN		(1 << 15)
+
+/* opcode2 numbers for the co-processor instructions. */
+#define ARM_OP2_BVR		4
+#define ARM_OP2_BCR		5
+#define ARM_OP2_WVR		6
+#define ARM_OP2_WCR		7
+
+/* Base register numbers for the debug registers. */
+#define ARM_BASE_BVR		64
+#define ARM_BASE_BCR		80
+#define ARM_BASE_WVR		96
+#define ARM_BASE_WCR		112
+
+/* Accessor macros for the debug registers. */
+#define ARM_DBG_READ(M, OP2, VAL) do {\
+	asm volatile("mrc p14, 0, %0, c0," #M ", " #OP2 : "=r" (VAL));\
+} while (0)
+
+#define ARM_DBG_WRITE(M, OP2, VAL) do {\
+	asm volatile("mcr p14, 0, %0, c0," #M ", " #OP2 : : "r" (VAL));\
+} while (0)
+
+struct notifier_block;
+struct perf_event;
+struct pmu;
+struct task_struct;
+
+extern struct pmu perf_ops_bp;
+extern int arch_bp_generic_fields(struct arch_hw_breakpoint_ctrl ctrl,
+				  int *gen_len, int *gen_type);
+extern int arch_check_bp_in_kernelspace(struct perf_event *bp);
+extern int arch_validate_hwbkpt_settings(struct perf_event *bp);
+extern int hw_breakpoint_exceptions_notify(struct notifier_block *unused,
+					   unsigned long val, void *data);
+extern u8 arch_get_debug_arch(void);
+extern u8 arch_get_max_wp_len(void);
+
+int arch_install_hw_breakpoint(struct perf_event *bp);
+void arch_uninstall_hw_breakpoint(struct perf_event *bp);
+void hw_breakpoint_pmu_read(struct perf_event *bp);
+int hw_breakpoint_slots(int type);
+
+#endif	/* __KERNEL__ */
+#endif	/* _ARM_HW_BREAKPOINT_H */
arch/arm/kernel/hw_breakpoint.c new file +721 -0

721 lines not on this page · raw message

Signature · 1 line
1.6.3.3
#3 lore raw

PATCH 3/4 ARM: hw-breakpoint: add new ptrace requests for hw-breakpoint interaction

For debuggers to take advantage of the hw-breakpoint framework in the kernel, it is necessary to expose the API calls via a ptrace interface.

This patch exposes the hardware breakpoints framework as a collection of virtual registers, accesible using PTRACE_SETHBPREGS and PTRACE_GETHBPREGS requests. The breakpoints are stored in the debug_info struct of the running thread.

Cc Frederic Weisbecker <[email protected]>
Cc S. Karthikeyan <[email protected]>
---
 arch/arm/include/asm/processor.h |    4 +
 arch/arm/include/asm/ptrace.h    |    2 +
 arch/arm/kernel/hw_breakpoint.c  |   13 +++
 arch/arm/kernel/ptrace.c         |  196 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 215 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
arch/arm/include/asm/processor.h +4 -0
index 6a89567..dbd33c3 100644
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 
 #ifdef __KERNEL__
 
+#include <asm/hw_breakpoint.h>
 #include <asm/ptrace.h>
 #include <asm/types.h>
 
@@ -41,6 +42,9 @@ struct debug_entry {
 struct debug_info {
 	int			nsaved;
 	struct debug_entry	bp[2];
+#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_HW_BREAKPOINT
+	struct perf_event	*hbp[ARM_MAX_HBP_SLOTS];
+#endif
 };
 
 struct thread_struct {
arch/arm/include/asm/ptrace.h +2 -0
index 9dcb11e..21560e4 100644
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@
 #define PTRACE_SETCRUNCHREGS	26
 #define PTRACE_GETVFPREGS	27
 #define PTRACE_SETVFPREGS	28
+#define PTRACE_GETHBPREGS	29
+#define PTRACE_SETHBPREGS	30
 
 /*
  * PSR bits
arch/arm/kernel/hw_breakpoint.c +13 -0
index b249cd7..5d5faec 100644
@@ -647,6 +647,19 @@ out:
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static int hw_breakpoint_thread_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
+				       unsigned long cmd, void *t)
+{
+	if (cmd == THREAD_NOTIFY_FLUSH)
+		flush_ptrace_hw_breakpoint(current);
+
+	return NOTIFY_DONE;
+}
+
+static struct notifier_block hw_breakpoint_thread_notifier_block = {
+	.notifier_call = hw_breakpoint_thread_notify,
+};
+
 /*
  * One-time initialisation.
  */
arch/arm/kernel/ptrace.c +196 -0

214 lines not on this page · raw message

Signature · 1 line
1.6.3.3
#4 lore raw

PATCH 4/4 ARM: hw-breakpoint: add HAVE_HW_BREAKPOINT to Kconfig

If we're targetting a v6 or v7 core and have at least software perf events available, then automatically add support for hardware breakpoints.

Cc Frederic Weisbecker <[email protected]>
Cc S. Karthikeyan <[email protected]>
---
 arch/arm/Kconfig         |    1 +
 arch/arm/kernel/Makefile |    1 +
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
arch/arm/Kconfig +1 -0
index e57cb24..7ed4d58 100644
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ config ARM
 	select HAVE_KERNEL_LZMA
 	select HAVE_PERF_EVENTS
 	select PERF_USE_VMALLOC
+	select HAVE_HW_BREAKPOINT if (PERF_EVENTS && (CPU_V6 || CPU_V7))
 	help
 	  The ARM series is a line of low-power-consumption RISC chip designs
 	  licensed by ARM Ltd and targeted at embedded applications and
arch/arm/kernel/Makefile +1 -0
index 26d302c..e679fb0 100644
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_ARM_THUMBEE)	+= thumbee.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_KGDB)		+= kgdb.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_ARM_UNWIND)	+= unwind.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_HAVE_TCM)		+= tcm.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_HAVE_HW_BREAKPOINT)	+= hw_breakpoint.o
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_CRUNCH)		+= crunch.o crunch-bits.o
 AFLAGS_crunch-bits.o		:= -Wa,-mcpu=ep9312
Signature · 1 line
1.6.3.3
#5 lore raw

cover ARM: add support for hw-breakpoints [v3]

In reply to Will Deacon

Hello,

Quoted 12 lines

This is version 3 of the RFC patches originally posted at:

v1.) http://lists.infradead.org/pipermail/linux-arm-kernel/2010-February/009084.html
v2.) http://lists.infradead.org/pipermail/linux-arm-kernel/2010-March/011170.html

Changes from v2 include:
- Based on 2.6.35-rc2
- Updated to use new hw-breakpoint API features
- Addressed some comments from Frederic on LKML
- Complete redesign of the ptrace interface so that it follows the ARM ARM (v7) register structure more closely.

Quoted 3 lines

Unfortunately, I've only managed to compile-test this and check that the resulting image boots. The main reasons for posting are (a) to support current GDB development and (b) to attract comments on the code.

I've managed to do some preliminary testing using the GDB work in progress and found a few coding howlers. Rather than submit a new patchset, I'll keep an up-to-date patch series, rebased against the latest mainline tag here:

http://www.linux-arm.org/git?p=linux-2.6-wd.git;a=shortlog;h=refs/heads/hw-breakpoint

Once the GDB work is complete, I'll submit v4 to this list.

Cheers,

Will