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irqfd fixes

PATCH Superseded Gregory Haskins 1 participant 5 messages Jun 24, 2009

Subsystems (3)

v4 of 9 Superseded Latest is v9 →

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#0 lore raw

v4 cover irqfd fixes

(Applies to kvm.git/master:4631e094)

The following is the latest attempt to fix the remaining races in irqfd/eventfd. For more details, please read the patch headers.

This series has been tested against the kvm-eventfd unit test, and appears to be functioning properly. You can download this test here:

ftp://ftp.novell.com/dev/ghaskins/kvm-eventfd.tar.bz2

I've included version 2 of Davide's eventfd patch (ported to kvm.git) so that its a complete reviewable series. Note, however, that there may be later versions of his patch to consider for merging, so we should coordinate with him.

Note also that I potentially found an issue in slow_work which I subsequently fixed, so I have cc'd David Howells. It is needed to close some of the remaining issues.

-Greg

---

Davide Libenzi (1):
eventfd - revised interface and cleanups (2nd rev)

Gregory Haskins (3):

      KVM: Fix races in irqfd using new eventfd_kref_get interface
      slow-work: add (module*)work->owner to fix races with module clients
      kvm: prepare irqfd for having interrupts disabled during eventfd->release
 drivers/lguest/lg.h          |    2 
 drivers/lguest/lguest_user.c |    4 -
 fs/aio.c                     |   24 +---
 fs/eventfd.c                 |  119 ++++++++++++++++++---
 include/linux/aio.h          |    4 -
 include/linux/eventfd.h      |   18 +--
 include/linux/kvm_host.h     |    7 +
 include/linux/slow-work.h    |    4 +
 init/Kconfig                 |    1 
 kernel/slow-work.c           |    5 +
 virt/kvm/Kconfig             |    1 
 virt/kvm/eventfd.c           |  234 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------
 12 files changed, 312 insertions(+), 111 deletions(-)
Signature · 1 line
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#1 lore raw

PATCH v4 1/4 kvm: prepare irqfd for having interrupts disabled during eventfd->release

We need to plug some race conditions on eventfd shutdown. In order to do this, we need to change the context in which the release notification is delivered so that the wqh lock is now held. However, there is currently code in the release callback that assumes it can sleep.

We have a slight chicken and egg problem where we cant fix the race without adding the lock, and we can't add the lock without breaking the sleepy code. Normally we could deal with this by making both changes in an atomic changeset. However, we want to keep the eventfd and kvm specific changes isolated to ease the reviewer burden on upstream eventfd (at the specific request of upstream). Therefore, we have this intermediate patch.

This intermediate patch allows the release() method to work in an atomic context, at the expense of correctness w.r.t. memory-leaks. Today we have a race condition. With this patch applied we leak. Both issues will be resolved later in the series. It is the author's opinion that a leak is better for bisectability than the hang would be should we leave the sleepy code in place after the locking changeover.

---

 virt/kvm/eventfd.c |   89 ++++++++++++++++------------------------------------
 1 files changed, 27 insertions(+), 62 deletions(-)
virt/kvm/eventfd.c +27 -62
index a9e7de7..9656027 100644
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@
 #include <linux/file.h>
 #include <linux/list.h>
 #include <linux/eventfd.h>
-#include <linux/srcu.h>
 
 /*
  * --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -38,8 +37,6 @@
  * --------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 struct _irqfd {
-	struct mutex              lock;
-	struct srcu_struct        srcu;
 	struct kvm               *kvm;
 	int                       gsi;
 	struct list_head          list;
@@ -53,48 +50,12 @@ static void
 irqfd_inject(struct work_struct *work)
 {
 	struct _irqfd *irqfd = container_of(work, struct _irqfd, inject);
-	struct kvm *kvm;
-	int idx;
+	struct kvm *kvm = irqfd->kvm;
 
-	idx = srcu_read_lock(&irqfd->srcu);
-
-	kvm = rcu_dereference(irqfd->kvm);
-	if (kvm) {
-		mutex_lock(&kvm->irq_lock);
-		kvm_set_irq(kvm, KVM_USERSPACE_IRQ_SOURCE_ID, irqfd->gsi, 1);
-		kvm_set_irq(kvm, KVM_USERSPACE_IRQ_SOURCE_ID, irqfd->gsi, 0);
-		mutex_unlock(&kvm->irq_lock);
-	}
-
-	srcu_read_unlock(&irqfd->srcu, idx);
-}
-
-static void
-irqfd_disconnect(struct _irqfd *irqfd)
-{
-	struct kvm *kvm;
-
-	mutex_lock(&irqfd->lock);
-
-	kvm = rcu_dereference(irqfd->kvm);
-	rcu_assign_pointer(irqfd->kvm, NULL);
-
-	mutex_unlock(&irqfd->lock);
-
-	if (!kvm)
-		return;
-
-	mutex_lock(&kvm->lock);
-	list_del(&irqfd->list);
-	mutex_unlock(&kvm->lock);
-
-	/*
-	 * It is important to not drop the kvm reference until the next grace
-	 * period because there might be lockless references in flight up
-	 * until then
-	 */
-	synchronize_srcu(&irqfd->srcu);
-	kvm_put_kvm(kvm);
+	mutex_lock(&kvm->irq_lock);
+	kvm_set_irq(kvm, KVM_USERSPACE_IRQ_SOURCE_ID, irqfd->gsi, 1);
+	kvm_set_irq(kvm, KVM_USERSPACE_IRQ_SOURCE_ID, irqfd->gsi, 0);
+	mutex_unlock(&kvm->irq_lock);
 }
 
 static int
@@ -103,26 +64,24 @@ irqfd_wakeup(wait_queue_t *wait, unsigned mode, int sync, void *key)
 	struct _irqfd *irqfd = container_of(wait, struct _irqfd, wait);
 	unsigned long flags = (unsigned long)key;
 
+	/*
+	 * Assume we will be called with interrupts disabled
+	 */
 	if (flags & POLLIN)
 		/*
-		 * The POLLIN wake_up is called with interrupts disabled.
-		 * Therefore we need to defer the IRQ injection until later
-		 * since we need to acquire the kvm->lock to do so.
+		 * Defer the IRQ injection until later since we need to
+		 * acquire the kvm->lock to do so.
 		 */
 		schedule_work(&irqfd->inject);
 
 	if (flags & POLLHUP) {
 		/*
-		 * The POLLHUP is called unlocked, so it theoretically should
-		 * be safe to remove ourselves from the wqh using the locked
-		 * variant of remove_wait_queue()
+		 * for now, just remove ourselves from the list and let
+		 * the rest dangle.  We will fix this up later once
+		 * the races in eventfd are fixed
 		 */
-		remove_wait_queue(irqfd->wqh, &irqfd->wait);
-		flush_work(&irqfd->inject);
-		irqfd_disconnect(irqfd);
-
-		cleanup_srcu_struct(&irqfd->srcu);
-		kfree(irqfd);
+		__remove_wait_queue(irqfd->wqh, &irqfd->wait);
+		irqfd->wqh = NULL;
 	}
 
 	return 0;
@@ -150,8 +109,6 @@ kvm_irqfd(struct kvm *kvm, int fd, int gsi, int flags)
 	if (!irqfd)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
-	mutex_init(&irqfd->lock);
-	init_srcu_struct(&irqfd->srcu);
 	irqfd->kvm = kvm;
 	irqfd->gsi = gsi;
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&irqfd->list);
@@ -172,8 +129,6 @@ kvm_irqfd(struct kvm *kvm, int fd, int gsi, int flags)
 
 	events = file->f_op->poll(file, &irqfd->pt);
 
-	kvm_get_kvm(kvm);
-
 	mutex_lock(&kvm->lock);
 	list_add_tail(&irqfd->list, &kvm->irqfds);
 	mutex_unlock(&kvm->lock);
@@ -211,6 +166,16 @@ kvm_irqfd_release(struct kvm *kvm)
 {
 	struct _irqfd *irqfd, *tmp;
 
-	list_for_each_entry_safe(irqfd, tmp, &kvm->irqfds, list)
-		irqfd_disconnect(irqfd);
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(irqfd, tmp, &kvm->irqfds, list) {
+		if (irqfd->wqh)
+			remove_wait_queue(irqfd->wqh, &irqfd->wait);
+
+		flush_work(&irqfd->inject);
+
+		mutex_lock(&kvm->lock);
+		list_del(&irqfd->list);
+		mutex_unlock(&kvm->lock);
+
+		kfree(irqfd);
+	}
 }
#2 lore raw

PATCH v4 2/4 eventfd - revised interface and cleanups (2nd rev)

In reply to Gregory Haskins

From: Davide Libenzi <[email protected]>

The following patch changes the eventfd interface to de-couple the eventfd memory context, from the file pointer instance.
Without such change, there is no clean way to racely free handle the POLLHUP event sent when the last instance of the file* goes away. Also, now the internal eventfd APIs are using the eventfd context instead of the file*.
Another cleanup this patch does, is making AIO select EVENTFD, instead of adding a bunch of empty function stubs inside eventfd.h in order to handle the (AIO && !EVENTFD) case.

[gmh: resolved trivial merge conflict with kvm's POLLHUP patch]

---

 drivers/lguest/lg.h          |    2 -
 drivers/lguest/lguest_user.c |    4 +
 fs/aio.c                     |   24 ++------
 fs/eventfd.c                 |  119 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------
 include/linux/aio.h          |    4 +
 include/linux/eventfd.h      |   18 ++----
 init/Kconfig                 |    1 
 7 files changed, 120 insertions(+), 52 deletions(-)
drivers/lguest/lg.h +1 -1
index d4e8979..9c31382 100644
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ struct lg_cpu {
 
 struct lg_eventfd {
 	unsigned long addr;
-	struct file *event;
+	struct eventfd_ctx *event;
 };
 
 struct lg_eventfd_map {
drivers/lguest/lguest_user.c +2 -2
index 32e2971..9f9a295 100644
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ static int add_eventfd(struct lguest *lg, unsigned long addr, int fd)
 
 	/* Now append new entry. */
 	new->map[new->num].addr = addr;
-	new->map[new->num].event = eventfd_fget(fd);
+	new->map[new->num].event = eventfd_ctx_fdget(fd);
 	if (IS_ERR(new->map[new->num].event)) {
 		kfree(new);
 		return PTR_ERR(new->map[new->num].event);
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ static int close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 
 	/* Release any eventfds they registered. */
 	for (i = 0; i < lg->eventfds->num; i++)
-		fput(lg->eventfds->map[i].event);
+		eventfd_ctx_put(lg->eventfds->map[i].event);
 	kfree(lg->eventfds);
 
 	/* If lg->dead doesn't contain an error code it will be NULL or a
fs/aio.c +7 -17
index 76da125..d065b2c 100644
@@ -485,6 +485,8 @@ static inline void really_put_req(struct kioctx *ctx, struct kiocb *req)
 {
 	assert_spin_locked(&ctx->ctx_lock);
 
+	if (req->ki_eventfd != NULL)
+		eventfd_ctx_put(req->ki_eventfd);
 	if (req->ki_dtor)
 		req->ki_dtor(req);
 	if (req->ki_iovec != &req->ki_inline_vec)
@@ -509,8 +511,6 @@ static void aio_fput_routine(struct work_struct *data)
 		/* Complete the fput(s) */
 		if (req->ki_filp != NULL)
 			__fput(req->ki_filp);
-		if (req->ki_eventfd != NULL)
-			__fput(req->ki_eventfd);
 
 		/* Link the iocb into the context's free list */
 		spin_lock_irq(&ctx->ctx_lock);
@@ -528,8 +528,6 @@ static void aio_fput_routine(struct work_struct *data)
  */
 static int __aio_put_req(struct kioctx *ctx, struct kiocb *req)
 {
-	int schedule_putreq = 0;
-
 	dprintk(KERN_DEBUG "aio_put(%p): f_count=%ld\n",
 		req, atomic_long_read(&req->ki_filp->f_count));
 
@@ -549,24 +547,16 @@ static int __aio_put_req(struct kioctx *ctx, struct kiocb *req)
 	 * we would not be holding the last reference to the file*, so
 	 * this function will be executed w/out any aio kthread wakeup.
 	 */
-	if (unlikely(atomic_long_dec_and_test(&req->ki_filp->f_count)))
-		schedule_putreq++;
-	else
-		req->ki_filp = NULL;
-	if (req->ki_eventfd != NULL) {
-		if (unlikely(atomic_long_dec_and_test(&req->ki_eventfd->f_count)))
-			schedule_putreq++;
-		else
-			req->ki_eventfd = NULL;
-	}
-	if (unlikely(schedule_putreq)) {
+	if (unlikely(atomic_long_dec_and_test(&req->ki_filp->f_count))) {
 		get_ioctx(ctx);
 		spin_lock(&fput_lock);
 		list_add(&req->ki_list, &fput_head);
 		spin_unlock(&fput_lock);
 		queue_work(aio_wq, &fput_work);
-	} else
+	} else {
+		req->ki_filp = NULL;
 		really_put_req(ctx, req);
+	}
 	return 1;
 }
 
@@ -1622,7 +1612,7 @@ static int io_submit_one(struct kioctx *ctx, struct iocb __user *user_iocb,
 		 * an eventfd() fd, and will be signaled for each completed
 		 * event using the eventfd_signal() function.
 		 */
-		req->ki_eventfd = eventfd_fget((int) iocb->aio_resfd);
+		req->ki_eventfd = eventfd_ctx_fdget((int) iocb->aio_resfd);
 		if (IS_ERR(req->ki_eventfd)) {
 			ret = PTR_ERR(req->ki_eventfd);
 			req->ki_eventfd = NULL;
fs/eventfd.c +101 -18

171 lines not on this page · raw message

include/linux/aio.h +2 -2
index b16a957..47f7d93 100644
@@ -121,9 +121,9 @@ struct kiocb {
 
 	/*
 	 * If the aio_resfd field of the userspace iocb is not zero,
-	 * this is the underlying file* to deliver event to.
+	 * this is the underlying eventfd context to deliver events to.
 	 */
-	struct file		*ki_eventfd;
+	struct eventfd_ctx	*ki_eventfd;
 };
 
 #define is_sync_kiocb(iocb)	((iocb)->ki_key == KIOCB_SYNC_KEY)
include/linux/eventfd.h +6 -12
index f45a8ae..1b86517 100644
@@ -8,10 +8,8 @@
 #ifndef _LINUX_EVENTFD_H
 #define _LINUX_EVENTFD_H
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_EVENTFD
-
-/* For O_CLOEXEC and O_NONBLOCK */
 #include <linux/fcntl.h>
+#include <linux/file.h>
 
 /*
  * CAREFUL: Check include/asm-generic/fcntl.h when defining
@@ -27,16 +25,12 @@
 #define EFD_SHARED_FCNTL_FLAGS (O_CLOEXEC | O_NONBLOCK)
 #define EFD_FLAGS_SET (EFD_SHARED_FCNTL_FLAGS | EFD_SEMAPHORE)
 
+struct eventfd_ctx *eventfd_ctx_get(struct eventfd_ctx *ctx);
+void eventfd_ctx_put(struct eventfd_ctx *ctx);
 struct file *eventfd_fget(int fd);
-int eventfd_signal(struct file *file, int n);
-
-#else /* CONFIG_EVENTFD */
-
-#define eventfd_fget(fd) ERR_PTR(-ENOSYS)
-static inline int eventfd_signal(struct file *file, int n)
-{ return 0; }
-
-#endif /* CONFIG_EVENTFD */
+struct eventfd_ctx *eventfd_ctx_fdget(int fd);
+struct eventfd_ctx *eventfd_ctx_fileget(struct file *file);
+int eventfd_signal(struct eventfd_ctx *ctx, int n);
 
 #endif /* _LINUX_EVENTFD_H */
 
init/Kconfig +1 -0
index fed6dc3..892d45c 100644
@@ -920,6 +920,7 @@ config SHMEM
 
 config AIO
 	bool "Enable AIO support" if EMBEDDED
+	select EVENTFD
 	default y
 	help
 	  This option enables POSIX asynchronous I/O which may by used
#3 lore raw

PATCH v4 3/4 slow-work: add (module*)work->owner to fix races with module clients

In reply to Gregory Haskins

The slow_work facility was designed to use reference counting instead of barriers for synchronization. The reference counting mechanism is implemented as a vtable op (->get_ref, ->put_ref) callback. This is problematic for module use of the slow_work facility because it is impossible to synchronize against the .text installed in the callbacks: There is no way to ensure that the slow-work threads have completely exited the text in question and rmmod may yank it out from under the slow_work thread.

This patch attempts to address this issue by transparently mapping "struct module* owner" to the slow_work item, and maintaining a module reference count coincident with the more externally visible reference count. Since the slow_work facility is resident in kernel, it should be a race-free location to issue a module_put() call. This will ensure that modules can properly cleanup before exiting.

A module_get()/module_put() pair on slow_work_enqueue() and the subsequent dequeue technically adds the overhead of the atomic operations for every work item scheduled. However, slow_work is designed for deferring relatively long-running and/or sleepy tasks to begin with, so this overhead will hopefully be negligible.

---

 include/linux/slow-work.h |    4 ++++
 kernel/slow-work.c        |    5 +++++
 2 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
include/linux/slow-work.h +4 -0
index b65c888..9f48dab 100644
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #ifdef CONFIG_SLOW_WORK
 
 #include <linux/sysctl.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
 
 struct slow_work;
 
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@ struct slow_work_ops {
  *   queued
  */
 struct slow_work {
+	struct module          *owner;
 	unsigned long		flags;
 #define SLOW_WORK_PENDING	0	/* item pending (further) execution */
 #define SLOW_WORK_EXECUTING	1	/* item currently executing */
@@ -61,6 +63,7 @@ struct slow_work {
 static inline void slow_work_init(struct slow_work *work,
 				  const struct slow_work_ops *ops)
 {
+	work->owner = THIS_MODULE;
 	work->flags = 0;
 	work->ops = ops;
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&work->link);
@@ -78,6 +81,7 @@ static inline void slow_work_init(struct slow_work *work,
 static inline void vslow_work_init(struct slow_work *work,
 				   const struct slow_work_ops *ops)
 {
+	work->owner = THIS_MODULE;
 	work->flags = 1 << SLOW_WORK_VERY_SLOW;
 	work->ops = ops;
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&work->link);
kernel/slow-work.c +5 -0
index 521ed20..fa27500 100644
@@ -220,6 +220,7 @@ static bool slow_work_execute(void)
 	}
 
 	work->ops->put_ref(work);
+	module_put(work->owner);
 	return true;
 
 auto_requeue:
@@ -299,6 +300,8 @@ int slow_work_enqueue(struct slow_work *work)
 		if (test_bit(SLOW_WORK_EXECUTING, &work->flags)) {
 			set_bit(SLOW_WORK_ENQ_DEFERRED, &work->flags);
 		} else {
+			if (!try_module_get(work->owner))
+				goto cant_get_mod;
 			if (work->ops->get_ref(work) < 0)
 				goto cant_get_ref;
 			if (test_bit(SLOW_WORK_VERY_SLOW, &work->flags))
@@ -313,6 +316,8 @@ int slow_work_enqueue(struct slow_work *work)
 	return 0;
 
 cant_get_ref:
+	module_put(work->owner);
+cant_get_mod:
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&slow_work_queue_lock, flags);
 	return -EAGAIN;
 }
#4 lore raw

PATCH v4 4/4 KVM: Fix races in irqfd using new eventfd_kref_get interface

In reply to Gregory Haskins

This patch fixes all known races in irqfd, and paves the way to restore DEASSIGN support. For details of the eventfd races, please see the header for patch 2/4, or the thread on which it was based on:

http://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]/msg17767.html

In a nutshell, we use eventfd_ctx_get/put() to properly manage the lifetime of the underlying eventfd. We also use careful coordination with our workqueue to ensure that all irqfd objects have terminated before we allow kvm to shutdown. The logic used for shutdown walks all open irqfds and releases them. This logic can be generalized in the future to allow a subset of irqfds to be released, thus allowing DEASSIGN support.

---

 include/linux/kvm_host.h |    7 +-
 virt/kvm/Kconfig         |    1 
 virt/kvm/eventfd.c       |  199 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----
 3 files changed, 183 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)
include/linux/kvm_host.h +6 -1
index 2451f48..d94ee72 100644
@@ -141,7 +141,12 @@ struct kvm {
 	struct kvm_io_bus mmio_bus;
 	struct kvm_io_bus pio_bus;
 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_KVM_EVENTFD
-	struct list_head irqfds;
+	struct {
+		spinlock_t        lock;
+		struct list_head  items;
+		atomic_t          outstanding;
+		wait_queue_head_t wqh;
+	} irqfds;
 #endif
 	struct kvm_vm_stat stat;
 	struct kvm_arch arch;
virt/kvm/Kconfig +1 -0
index daece36..ab7848a 100644
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ config HAVE_KVM_IRQCHIP
 config HAVE_KVM_EVENTFD
        bool
        select EVENTFD
+       select SLOW_WORK
 
 config KVM_APIC_ARCHITECTURE
        bool
virt/kvm/eventfd.c +176 -23

283 lines not on this page · raw message