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Allow for parallel builds and saved output

PATCH Superseded Andy Fleming 5 participants 10 messages Apr 25, 2012 – May 18, 2012

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PATCH v3 1/1 Allow for parallel builds and saved output

The MAKEALL script cleverly runs make with the appropriate options to use all of the cores on the system, but your average U-Boot build can't make much use of more than a few cores. If you happen to have a many-core server, your builds will leave most of the system idle.

In order to make full use of such a system, we need to build multiple targets in parallel, and this requires directing make output into multiple directories. We add a BUILD_NBUILDS variable, which allows users to specify how many builds to run in parallel.
When BUILD_NBUILDS is set greater than 1, we redefine BUILD_DIR for each build to be ${BUILD_DIR}/${target}. Also, we make "./build" the default BUILD_DIR when BUILD_NBUILDS is greater than 1.

MAKEALL now tracks which builds are still running, and when one finishes, it starts a new build.

Once each build finishes, we run "make tidy" on its directory, to reduce the footprint.

As a result, we are left with a build directory with all of the built targets still there for use, which means anyone who wanted to use MAKEALL as part of a test harness can now do so.

---
v2: - Update to keep BUILD_NBUILDS builds in flight, rather than batching
- Clean up style things
- Defer error output until build completion to make output *slightly* more readable

v3: - Add BUILD_MANY variable to clarify logic
- Added comment for done/skip prefixes, and renamed for clarity
- Changed CURRENT_COUNT to CURRENT_CNT to match TOTAL_CNT
- Put build wait logic into its own manage_build function
- Used wildcards to delete build management files
- Fixed a bug where error-less builds printed an error

Once again, my unscientific tests on my 24-thread box:

time ./MAKEALL 83xx

real    4m2.951s
user    26m6.534s
sys     4m0.070s

time ./MAKEALL 86xx

real    0m27.271s
user    3m10.706s
sys     0m27.123s

time BUILD_NBUILDS=50 BUILD_NCPUS=1 ./MAKEALL 86xx

real    0m38.430s
user    2m11.601s
sys     0m18.610s

time BUILD_NBUILDS=50 BUILD_NCPUS=1 ./MAKEALL 83xx

real    1m15.642s
user    15m2.125s
sys     2m25.818s

time BUILD_NBUILDS=50 BUILD_NCPUS=1 ./MAKEALL 85xx

real    4m29.840s
user    80m30.641s
sys     10m49.643s

Looks like 86xx was affected by having only 5 boards:

time BUILD_NBUILDS=10 BUILD_NCPUS=4 ./MAKEALL 86xx

real    0m11.887s
user    2m22.299s
sys     0m20.894s
 MAKEALL |  137 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
 1 files changed, 122 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)
MAKEALL +122 -15
index e5da6f1..e6c801c 100755
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ usage()
 	  CROSS_COMPILE    cross-compiler toolchain prefix (default: "")
 	  MAKEALL_LOGDIR   output all logs to here (default: ./LOG/)
 	  BUILD_DIR        output build directory (default: ./)
+	  BUILD_NBUILDS	   number of parallel targets (default: 1)
 
 	Examples:
 	  - build all Power Architecture boards:
@@ -178,11 +179,22 @@ else
 	LOG_DIR="LOG"
 fi
 
-if [ ! "${BUILD_DIR}" ] ; then
-	BUILD_DIR="."
+: ${BUILD_NBUILDS:=1}
+BUILD_MANY=0
+
+if [ "${BUILD_NBUILDS}" -gt 1 ] ; then
+	BUILD_MANY=1
+	: ${BUILD_DIR:=./build}
+	mkdir -p "${BUILD_DIR}/ERR"
+	find "${BUILD_DIR}/ERR/" -type f -exec rm -f {} +
 fi
 
-[ -d ${LOG_DIR} ] || mkdir ${LOG_DIR} || exit 1
+: ${BUILD_DIR:=.}
+
+OUTPUT_PREFIX="${BUILD_DIR}"
+
+[ -d ${LOG_DIR} ] || mkdir "${LOG_DIR}" || exit 1
+find "${LOG_DIR}/" -type f -exec rm -f {} +
 
 LIST=""
 
@@ -190,6 +202,8 @@ LIST=""
 ERR_CNT=0
 ERR_LIST=""
 TOTAL_CNT=0
+CURRENT_CNT=0
+OLDEST_IDX=1
 RC=0
 
 # Helper funcs for parsing boards.cfg
@@ -592,8 +606,26 @@ list_target() {
 	echo ""
 }
 
+# Each finished build will have a file called ${donep}${n},
+# where n is the index of the build. Each build
+# we've already noted as finished will have ${skipp}${n}.
+# The code managing the build process will use this information
+# to ensure that only BUILD_NBUILDS builds are in flight at once
+donep="${LOG_DIR}/._done_"
+skipp="${LOG_DIR}/._skip_"
+
 build_target() {
 	target=$1
+	build_idx=$2
+
+	if [ $BUILD_MANY == 1 ] ; then
+		output_dir="${OUTPUT_PREFIX}/${target}"
+		mkdir -p "${output_dir}"
+	else
+		output_dir="${OUTPUT_PREFIX}"
+	fi
+
+	export BUILD_DIR="${output_dir}"
 
 	if [ "$ONLY_LIST" == 'y' ] ; then
 		list_target ${target}
@@ -603,30 +635,75 @@ build_target() {
 	${MAKE} distclean >/dev/null
 	${MAKE} -s ${target}_config
 
-	${MAKE} ${JOBS} all 2>&1 >${LOG_DIR}/$target.MAKELOG \
-				| tee ${LOG_DIR}/$target.ERR
+	${MAKE} ${JOBS} all \
+		>${LOG_DIR}/$target.MAKELOG 2> ${LOG_DIR}/$target.ERR
 
 	# Check for 'make' errors
 	if [ ${PIPESTATUS[0]} -ne 0 ] ; then
 		RC=1
 	fi
 
-	if [ -s ${LOG_DIR}/$target.ERR ] ; then
-		ERR_CNT=$((ERR_CNT + 1))
-		ERR_LIST="${ERR_LIST} $target"
+	if [ $BUILD_MANY == 1 ] ; then
+		${MAKE} tidy
+
+		if [ -s ${LOG_DIR}/${target}.ERR ] ; then
+			touch ${OUTPUT_PREFIX}/ERR/${target}
+		else
+			rm ${LOG_DIR}/${target}.ERR
+		fi
 	else
-		rm ${LOG_DIR}/$target.ERR
+		if [ -s ${LOG_DIR}/${target}.ERR ] ; then
+			: $(( ERR_CNT += 1 ))
+			ERR_LIST="${ERR_LIST} $target"
+		else
+			rm ${LOG_DIR}/${target}.ERR
+		fi
 	fi
 
-	TOTAL_CNT=$((TOTAL_CNT + 1))
-
-	OBJS=${BUILD_DIR}/u-boot
-	if [ -e ${BUILD_DIR}/spl/u-boot-spl ]; then
-		OBJS="${OBJS} ${BUILD_DIR}/spl/u-boot-spl"
+	OBJS=${output_dir}/u-boot
+	if [ -e ${output_dir}/spl/u-boot-spl ]; then
+		OBJS="${OBJS} ${output_dir}/spl/u-boot-spl"
 	fi
 
 	${CROSS_COMPILE}size ${OBJS} | tee -a ${LOG_DIR}/$target.MAKELOG
+
+	[ -e "${LOG_DIR}/${target}.ERR" ] && cat "${LOG_DIR}/${target}.ERR"
+
+	#echo "Writing ${donep}${build_idx}"
+	touch "${donep}${build_idx}"
 }
+
+manage_builds() {
+	search_idx=${OLDEST_IDX}
+	#echo "Searching ${OLDEST_IDX} to ${TOTAL_CNT}"
+	while true; do
+		if [ -e "${donep}${search_idx}" ] ; then
+	#		echo "Found ${donep}${search_idx}"
+			: $(( CURRENT_CNT-- ))
+			[ ${OLDEST_IDX} -eq ${search_idx} ] &&
+				: $(( OLDEST_IDX++ ))
+
+			# Only want to count it once
+			rm -f "${donep}${search_idx}"
+			touch "${skipp}${search_idx}"
+		elif [ -e "${skipp}${search_idx}" ] ; then
+			[ ${OLDEST_IDX} -eq ${search_idx} ] &&
+				: $(( OLDEST_IDX++ ))
+		fi
+		#echo "Checking search ${search_idx} vs ${TOTAL_CNT}"
+		: $(( search_idx++ ))
+		if [ ${search_idx} -gt ${TOTAL_CNT} ] ; then
+			#echo "Checking current ${CURRENT_CNT} vs ${BUILD_NBUILDS}"
+			if [ ${CURRENT_CNT} -ge ${BUILD_NBUILDS} ] ; then
+				search_idx=${OLDEST_IDX}
+				sleep 1
+			else
+				break
+			fi
+		fi
+	done
+}
+
 build_targets() {
 	for t in "$@" ; do
 		# If a LIST_xxx var exists, use it.  But avoid variable
@@ -639,7 +716,26 @@ build_targets() {
 		if [ -n "${list}" ] ; then
 			build_targets ${list}
 		else
-			build_target ${t}
+			: $((TOTAL_CNT += 1))
+			: $((CURRENT_CNT += 1))
+			rm -f "${donep}${TOTAL_CNT}"
+			rm -f "${skipp}${TOTAL_CNT}"
+			build_target ${t} ${TOTAL_CNT} &
+		fi
+
+		# We maintain a running count of all the builds we have done.
+		# Each finished build will have a file called ${donep}${n},
+		# where n is the index of the build. Each build
+		# we've already noted as finished will have ${skipp}${n}.
+		# We track the current index via TOTAL_CNT, and the oldest
+		# index. When we exceed the maximum number of parallel builds,
+		# We look from oldest to current for builds that have completed,
+		# and update the current count and oldest index as appropriate.
+		# If we've gone through the entire list, wait a second, and
+		# reprocess the entire list until we find a build that has
+		# completed
+		if [ ${CURRENT_CNT} -ge ${BUILD_NBUILDS} ] ; then
+			manage_builds
 		fi
 	done
 }
@@ -648,6 +744,16 @@ build_targets() {
 
 print_stats() {
 	if [ "$ONLY_LIST" == 'y' ] ; then return ; fi
+
+	rm -f ${donep}* ${skipp}*
+
+	if [ $BUILD_MANY == 1 ] && [ -e "${OUTPUT_PREFIX}/ERR" ] ; then
+		ERR_LIST=$(ls ${OUTPUT_PREFIX}/ERR/)
+		ERR_CNT=`ls -1 ${OUTPUT_PREFIX}/ERR/ | wc | awk '{print $1}'`
+	else
+		ERR_CNT=0
+	fi
+
 	echo ""
 	echo "--------------------- SUMMARY ----------------------------"
 	echo "Boards compiled: ${TOTAL_CNT}"
@@ -666,3 +772,4 @@ set -- ${SELECTED} "$@"
 # run PowerPC by default
 [ $# = 0 ] && set -- powerpc
 build_targets "$@"
+wait
Signature · 1 line
1.7.3.4
#1 lore raw

PATCH v3 1/1 Allow for parallel builds and saved output

Hi Andy,

Le 25/04/2012 07:33, Andy Fleming a ?crit :

Quoted 30 lines

The MAKEALL script cleverly runs make with the appropriate options to use all of the cores on the system, but your average U-Boot build can't make much use of more than a few cores. If you happen to have a many-core server, your builds will leave most of the system idle.

In order to make full use of such a system, we need to build multiple targets in parallel, and this requires directing make output into multiple directories. We add a BUILD_NBUILDS variable, which allows users to specify how many builds to run in parallel.
When BUILD_NBUILDS is set greater than 1, we redefine BUILD_DIR for each build to be ${BUILD_DIR}/${target}. Also, we make "./build" the default BUILD_DIR when BUILD_NBUILDS is greater than 1.

MAKEALL now tracks which builds are still running, and when one finishes, it starts a new build.

Once each build finishes, we run "make tidy" on its directory, to reduce the footprint.

As a result, we are left with a build directory with all of the built targets still there for use, which means anyone who wanted to use MAKEALL as part of a test harness can now do so.

---
v2: - Update to keep BUILD_NBUILDS builds in flight, rather than batching
- Clean up style things
- Defer error output until build completion to make output *slightly* more readable

Quoted 6 lines

v3: - Add BUILD_MANY variable to clarify logic
- Added comment for done/skip prefixes, and renamed for clarity
- Changed CURRENT_COUNT to CURRENT_CNT to match TOTAL_CNT
- Put build wait logic into its own manage_build function
- Used wildcards to delete build management files
- Fixed a bug where error-less builds printed an error

For ./MAKEALL arm, using cs2011-09, 7 builds 1 cpu on a 8 thread machine:

real 29m20.272s
user 95m59.708s
sys 10m17.383s

without the patch, and

real 20m26.480s
user 100m1.155s
sys 8m34.988s

with it, so there is definitely a benefit.

*However*, two boards build without and do not build clean with: scpu and pndb3.

Also, the final report is not displayed as the same with and without the patch -- with it, unclean boards are listed one per line, without it, they are listed in a single line.

Last: breaking during a parallel build then trying a git clean -xfd causes errors such as files missing.

Amicalement,

Signature · 1 line
Albert.
#2 lore raw

PATCH v3 1/1 Allow for parallel builds and saved output

Quoted 6 lines · Albert ARIBAUD

Hi Andy,

Le 25/04/2012 07:33, Andy Fleming a ?crit :

*However*, two boards build without and do not build clean with: scpu and pndb3.

Ok, I figured that one out, and sent out a patch.

Quoted 4 lines

Also, the final report is not displayed as the same with and without the patch -- with it, unclean boards are listed one per line, without it, they are listed in a single line.

I can probably fix that, no problem.

Quoted 3 lines

Last: breaking during a parallel build then trying a git clean -xfd causes errors such as files missing.

I believe what you're seeing is that there are still builds running after you've hit ctrl-C, and they continue until they're done. I think I've got it figured out, so I'll fix that in my followup.

Andy

#3 lore raw

PATCH v3 1/1 Allow for parallel builds and saved output

In reply to Andy Fleming

Dear Andy Fleming,

Quoted 70 lines · In message <[email protected]> you wrote:

The MAKEALL script cleverly runs make with the appropriate options to use all of the cores on the system, but your average U-Boot build can't make much use of more than a few cores. If you happen to have a many-core server, your builds will leave most of the system idle.

In order to make full use of such a system, we need to build multiple targets in parallel, and this requires directing make output into multiple directories. We add a BUILD_NBUILDS variable, which allows users to specify how many builds to run in parallel.
When BUILD_NBUILDS is set greater than 1, we redefine BUILD_DIR for each build to be ${BUILD_DIR}/${target}. Also, we make "./build" the default BUILD_DIR when BUILD_NBUILDS is greater than 1.

MAKEALL now tracks which builds are still running, and when one finishes, it starts a new build.

Once each build finishes, we run "make tidy" on its directory, to reduce the footprint.

As a result, we are left with a build directory with all of the built targets still there for use, which means anyone who wanted to use MAKEALL as part of a test harness can now do so.

---
v2: - Update to keep BUILD_NBUILDS builds in flight, rather than batching
- Clean up style things
- Defer error output until build completion to make output *slightly* more readable

v3: - Add BUILD_MANY variable to clarify logic
- Added comment for done/skip prefixes, and renamed for clarity
- Changed CURRENT_COUNT to CURRENT_CNT to match TOTAL_CNT
- Put build wait logic into its own manage_build function
- Used wildcards to delete build management files
- Fixed a bug where error-less builds printed an error

Once again, my unscientific tests on my 24-thread box:

time ./MAKEALL 83xx

real    4m2.951s
user    26m6.534s
sys     4m0.070s

time ./MAKEALL 86xx

real    0m27.271s
user    3m10.706s
sys     0m27.123s

time BUILD_NBUILDS=50 BUILD_NCPUS=1 ./MAKEALL 86xx

real    0m38.430s
user    2m11.601s
sys     0m18.610s

time BUILD_NBUILDS=50 BUILD_NCPUS=1 ./MAKEALL 83xx

real    1m15.642s
user    15m2.125s
sys     2m25.818s

time BUILD_NBUILDS=50 BUILD_NCPUS=1 ./MAKEALL 85xx

real    4m29.840s
user    80m30.641s
sys     10m49.643s

Looks like 86xx was affected by having only 5 boards:

Quoted 8 lines

time BUILD_NBUILDS=10 BUILD_NCPUS=4 ./MAKEALL 86xx

real    0m11.887s
user    2m22.299s
sys     0m20.894s
 MAKEALL |  137 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
 1 files changed, 122 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

Applied, thanks.

Best regards,

Wolfgang Denk

Signature · 6 lines
DENX Software Engineering GmbH,     MD: Wolfgang Denk & Detlev Zundel
HRB 165235 Munich, Office: Kirchenstr.5, D-82194 Groebenzell, Germany
Phone: (+49)-8142-66989-10 Fax: (+49)-8142-66989-80 Email: wd at denx.de
We Klingons believe as you do -- the sick should die. Only the strong
should live.
	-- Kras, "Friday's Child", stardate 3497.2
#4 lore raw

PATCH v3 1/1 Allow for parallel builds and saved output

Dear Wolfgang Denk,

Quoted 3 lines

Dear Andy Fleming,

In message <[email protected]> you

Quoted 4 lines · wrote:
Quoted 4 lines

The MAKEALL script cleverly runs make with the appropriate options to use all of the cores on the system, but your average U-Boot build can't make much use of more than a few cores. If you happen to have a many-core server, your builds will leave most of the system idle.

[...]

Quoted 5 lines
Quoted 3 lines
 MAKEALL |  137

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------- 1 files changed, 122 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

Applied, thanks.

What do you get if you run:

./MAKEALL -a arm -l

? :-)

Quoted 4 lines

Best regards,

Wolfgang Denk

Best regards,
Marek Vasut

#5 lore raw

PATCH v3 1/1 Allow for parallel builds and saved output

Le 06/05/2012 03:48, Marek Vasut a ?crit :

Quoted 15 lines

Dear Wolfgang Denk,

Quoted 3 lines

Dear Andy Fleming,

In message<[email protected]> you

Quoted 4 lines · wrote:
Quoted 4 lines

The MAKEALL script cleverly runs make with the appropriate options to use all of the cores on the system, but your average U-Boot build can't make much use of more than a few cores. If you happen to have a many-core server, your builds will leave most of the system idle.

[...]

Quoted 4 lines
Quoted 3 lines
  MAKEALL |  137

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------- 1 files changed, 122 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

Quoted 7 lines
Quoted 1 line

Applied, thanks.

What do you get if you run:

./MAKEALL -a arm -l

? :-)

I am being hit by a spurious build failure in parallel build: pdnb3 succeeds when built alone but fails in a MAKEALL arm with the following .ERR:

mv: cannot stat `/home/uboot/src/u-boot-arm/build/pdnb3/include/autoconf.mk.tmp': No such file or directory

Looks like several builds competed for this temp file name :)...

Amicalement,

Signature · 1 line
Albert.
#6 lore raw

PATCH v3 1/1 Allow for parallel builds and saved output

Quoted 22 lines · Albert ARIBAUD

Le 06/05/2012 03:48, Marek Vasut a ?crit :

Quoted 21 lines

Dear Wolfgang Denk,

Quoted 3 lines

Dear Andy Fleming,

In message<[email protected]> you

Quoted 4 lines · wrote:
Quoted 4 lines

The MAKEALL script cleverly runs make with the appropriate options to use all of the cores on the system, but your average U-Boot build can't make much use of more than a few cores. If you happen to have a many-core server, your builds will leave most of the system idle.

[...]

Quoted 5 lines
Quoted 3 lines
 MAKEALL |  137

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------- 1 files changed, 122 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

Applied, thanks.

What do you get if you run:

./MAKEALL -a arm -l

Quoted 7 lines
Quoted 1 line

? :-)

I am being hit by a spurious build failure in parallel build: pdnb3 succeeds when built alone but fails in a MAKEALL arm with the following .ERR:

mv: cannot stat `/home/uboot/src/u-boot-arm/build/pdnb3/include/autoconf.mk.tmp': No such file or directory

Looks like several builds competed for this temp file name :)...

I already submitted the patch for this. It's because pdnb3 was being built twice (and therefore twice concurrently). Wolfgang just has to apply that patch, too. :)

Andy

#7 lore raw

PATCH v3 1/1 Allow for parallel builds and saved output

Dear Andy Fleming,

Quoted 37 lines · Albert ARIBAUD
Quoted 36 lines

Le 06/05/2012 03:48, Marek Vasut a ?crit :

Quoted 19 lines

Dear Wolfgang Denk,

Quoted 4 lines

Dear Andy Fleming,

In message<[email protected]> you

Quoted 4 lines · wrote:
Quoted 4 lines

The MAKEALL script cleverly runs make with the appropriate options to use all of the cores on the system, but your average U-Boot build can't make much use of more than a few cores. If you happen to have a many-core server, your builds will leave most of the system idle.

[...]

Quoted 4 lines
Quoted 3 lines
 MAKEALL |  137

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------- 1 files changed, 122 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

Quoted 7 lines
Quoted 1 line

Applied, thanks.

What do you get if you run:

./MAKEALL -a arm -l

? :-)

I am being hit by a spurious build failure in parallel build: pdnb3 succeeds when built alone but fails in a MAKEALL arm with the following .ERR:

mv: cannot stat `/home/uboot/src/u-boot-arm/build/pdnb3/include/autoconf.mk.tmp': No such file or directory

Quoted 5 lines
Quoted 1 line

Looks like several builds competed for this temp file name :)...

I already submitted the patch for this. It's because pdnb3 was being built twice (and therefore twice concurrently). Wolfgang just has to apply that patch, too. :)

Does it also fix ./MAKEALL -a arm -l ?

Quoted 2 lines

Andy

Best regards,
Marek Vasut

#8 lore raw

PATCH v3 1/1 Allow for parallel builds and saved output

Quoted 39 lines · Marek Vasut

Dear Andy Fleming,

Quoted 37 lines · Albert ARIBAUD
Quoted 36 lines

Le 06/05/2012 03:48, Marek Vasut a ?crit :

Quoted 19 lines

Dear Wolfgang Denk,

Quoted 4 lines

Dear Andy Fleming,

In message<[email protected]> you

Quoted 4 lines · wrote:
Quoted 4 lines

The MAKEALL script cleverly runs make with the appropriate options to use all of the cores on the system, but your average U-Boot build can't make much use of more than a few cores. If you happen to have a many-core server, your builds will leave most of the system idle.

[...]

Quoted 4 lines
Quoted 3 lines

MAKEALL | 137 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------- 1 files changed, 122 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

Quoted 7 lines
Quoted 1 line

Applied, thanks.

What do you get if you run:

./MAKEALL -a arm -l

? :-)

I am being hit by a spurious build failure in parallel build: pdnb3 succeeds when built alone but fails in a MAKEALL arm with the following .ERR:

mv: cannot stat `/home/uboot/src/u-boot-arm/build/pdnb3/include/autoconf.mk.tmp': No such file or directory

Quoted 7 lines
Quoted 5 lines
Quoted 1 line

Looks like several builds competed for this temp file name :)...

I already submitted the patch for this. It's because pdnb3 was being built twice (and therefore twice concurrently). Wolfgang just has to apply that patch, too. :)

Does it also fix ./MAKEALL -a arm -l ?

Probably not. I was working on a follow-on patch that *probably* fixes that (I haven't had time to run your test). I'll submit that when I manage to get these MMC patches applied.

Andy

#9 lore raw

PATCH v3 1/1 Allow for parallel builds and saved output

In reply to Marek Vasut

Dear Marek Vasut,

Quoted 6 lines · In message <[email protected]> you wrote:
Quoted 4 lines

I already submitted the patch for this. It's because pdnb3 was being built twice (and therefore twice concurrently). Wolfgang just has to apply that patch, too. :)

Does it also fix ./MAKEALL -a arm -l ?

No, it doesn't this still hangs, even after applying Andy's patch.

Best regards,

Wolfgang Denk

Signature · 5 lines
DENX Software Engineering GmbH,     MD: Wolfgang Denk & Detlev Zundel
HRB 165235 Munich, Office: Kirchenstr.5, D-82194 Groebenzell, Germany
Phone: (+49)-8142-66989-10 Fax: (+49)-8142-66989-80 Email: wd at denx.de
Our management frequently gets lost in thought.   That's because it's
unfamiliar territory.