Skip to contentSkip to conversation

fuse: process direct IO asynchronously

PATCH Superseded Maxim V. Patlasov 1 participant 7 messages Dec 10, 2012 FUSE filesystem core

v1 of 2 Superseded Latest is v2 →

lore
Share & tools
lore
#0 lore raw

cover fuse: process direct IO asynchronously

Hi,

Existing fuse implementation always processes direct IO synchronously: it submits next request to userspace fuse only when previous is completed. This is suboptimal because: 1) libaio DIO works in blocking way; 2) userspace fuse can't achieve parallelism processing several requests simultaneously (e.g. in case of distributed network storage); 3) userspace fuse can't merge requests before passing it to actual storage.

The idea of the patch-set is to submit fuse requests in non-blocking way (where it's possible) and either return -EIOCBQUEUED or wait for their completion synchronously. The patch-set to be applied on top of for-next of Miklos' git repo.

To estimate performance improvement I used slightly modified fusexmp over tmpfs (clearing O_DIRECT bit from fi->flags in xmp_open). For synchronous operations I used 'dd' like this:

dd of=/dev/null if=/fuse/mnt/file bs=2M count=256 iflag=direct dd if=/dev/zero of=/fuse/mnt/file bs=2M count=256 oflag=direct conv=notrunc

For AIO I used 'aio-stress' like this:

aio-stress -s 512 -a 4 -b 1 -c 1 -O -o 1 /fuse/mnt/file aio-stress -s 512 -a 4 -b 1 -c 1 -O -o 0 /fuse/mnt/file

The throughput on some commodity (rather feeble) server was (in MB/sec):

original / patched

dd reads:    ~322     / ~382
dd writes:   ~277     / ~288
aio reads:   ~380     / ~459
aio writes:  ~319     / ~353

Thanks,
Maxim

---

Maxim V. Patlasov (6):
fuse: move fuse_release_user_pages() up
fuse: add support of async IO
fuse: make fuse_direct_io() aware about AIO
fuse: enable asynchronous processing direct IO
fuse: truncate file if async dio failed
fuse: optimize short direct reads

 fs/fuse/cuse.c   |    4 -
 fs/fuse/file.c   |  276 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------
 fs/fuse/fuse_i.h |   17 +++
 3 files changed, 262 insertions(+), 35 deletions(-)
Signature · 1 line
Signature
#1 lore raw

PATCH 1/6 fuse: move fuse_release_user_pages() up

fuse_release_user_pages() will be indirectly used by fuse_send_read/write in future patches.

---
 fs/fuse/file.c |   24 ++++++++++++------------
 1 files changed, 12 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)
fs/fuse/file.c +12 -12
index 19b50e7..6685cb0 100644
@@ -491,6 +491,18 @@ void fuse_read_fill(struct fuse_req *req, struct file *file, loff_t pos,
 	req->out.args[0].size = count;
 }
 
+static void fuse_release_user_pages(struct fuse_req *req, int write)
+{
+	unsigned i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < req->num_pages; i++) {
+		struct page *page = req->pages[i];
+		if (write)
+			set_page_dirty_lock(page);
+		put_page(page);
+	}
+}
+
 static size_t fuse_send_read(struct fuse_req *req, struct file *file,
 			     loff_t pos, size_t count, fl_owner_t owner)
 {
@@ -1035,18 +1047,6 @@ out:
 	return written ? written : err;
 }
 
-static void fuse_release_user_pages(struct fuse_req *req, int write)
-{
-	unsigned i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < req->num_pages; i++) {
-		struct page *page = req->pages[i];
-		if (write)
-			set_page_dirty_lock(page);
-		put_page(page);
-	}
-}
-
 static inline void fuse_page_descs_length_init(struct fuse_req *req,
 		unsigned index, unsigned nr_pages)
 {
#2 lore raw

PATCH 2/6 fuse: add support of async IO

In reply to Maxim V. Patlasov

The patch implements a framework to process an IO request asynchronously. The idea is to associate several fuse requests with a single kiocb by means of fuse_io_priv structure. The structure plays the same role for FUSE as 'struct dio' for direct-io.c.

The framework is supposed to be used like this:
- someone (who wants to process an IO asynchronously) allocates fuse_io_priv, initializes and saves it in kiocb->private.
- as soon as fuse request is filled, it can be submitted (in non-blocking way) by fuse_async_req_send()
- when all submitted requests are ACKed by userspace, io->reqs drops to zero triggering aio_complete()

In case of IO initiated by libaio, aio_complete() will finish processing the same way as in case of dio_complete() calling aio_complete(). But the framework may be also used for internal FUSE use when initial IO request was synchronous (from user perspective), but it's beneficial to process it asynchronously. Then the caller should wait on kiocb explicitly and aio_complete() will wake the caller up.

---
 fs/fuse/file.c   |   94 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 fs/fuse/fuse_i.h |   15 +++++++++
 2 files changed, 109 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
fs/fuse/file.c +94 -0
index 6685cb0..634f54a 100644
@@ -503,6 +503,100 @@ static void fuse_release_user_pages(struct fuse_req *req, int write)
 	}
 }
 
+/**
+ * In case of short read, the caller sets 'pos' to the position of
+ * actual end of fuse request in IO request. Otherwise, if bytes_requested
+ * == bytes_transferred or rw == WRITE, the caller sets 'pos' to -1.
+ *
+ * An example:
+ * User requested DIO read of 64K. It was splitted into two 32K fuse requests,
+ * both submitted asynchronously. The first of them was ACKed by userspace as
+ * fully completed (req->out.args[0].size == 32K) resulting in pos == -1. The
+ * second request was ACKed as short, e.g. only 1K was read, resulting in
+ * pos == 33K.
+ *
+ * Thus, when all fuse requests are completed, the minimal non-negative 'pos'
+ * will be equal to the length of the longest contiguous fragment of
+ * transferred data starting from the beginning of IO request.
+ */
+static void fuse_aio_complete(struct fuse_io_priv *io, int err, ssize_t pos)
+{
+	int left;
+
+	spin_lock(&io->lock);
+	if (err)
+		io->err = io->err ? : err;
+	else if (pos >= 0 && (io->bytes < 0 || pos < io->bytes))
+		io->bytes = pos;
+
+	left = --io->reqs;
+	spin_unlock(&io->lock);
+
+	if (!left) {
+		long res;
+
+		if (io->err)
+			res = io->err;
+		else if (io->bytes >= 0 && io->write)
+			res = -EIO;
+		else {
+			res = io->bytes < 0 ? io->size : io->bytes;
+
+			if (!is_sync_kiocb(io->iocb)) {
+				struct path *path = &io->iocb->ki_filp->f_path;
+				struct inode *inode = path->dentry->d_inode;
+				struct fuse_conn *fc = get_fuse_conn(inode);
+				struct fuse_inode *fi = get_fuse_inode(inode);
+
+				spin_lock(&fc->lock);
+				fi->attr_version = ++fc->attr_version;
+				spin_unlock(&fc->lock);
+			}
+		}
+
+		aio_complete(io->iocb, res, 0);
+		kfree(io);
+	}
+}
+
+static void fuse_aio_complete_req(struct fuse_conn *fc, struct fuse_req *req)
+{
+	struct fuse_io_priv *io = req->io;
+	ssize_t pos = -1;
+
+	fuse_release_user_pages(req, !io->write);
+
+	if (io->write) {
+		if (req->misc.write.in.size != req->misc.write.out.size)
+			pos = req->misc.write.in.offset - io->offset +
+				req->misc.write.out.size;
+	} else {
+		if (req->misc.read.in.size != req->out.args[0].size)
+			pos = req->misc.read.in.offset - io->offset +
+				req->out.args[0].size;
+	}
+
+	fuse_aio_complete(io, req->out.h.error, pos);
+}
+
+static size_t fuse_async_req_send(struct fuse_conn *fc, struct fuse_req *req,
+		size_t num_bytes, struct kiocb *iocb)
+{
+	struct fuse_io_priv *io = iocb->private;
+
+	spin_lock(&io->lock);
+	io->size += num_bytes;
+	io->reqs++;
+	spin_unlock(&io->lock);
+
+	req->io = io;
+	req->end = fuse_aio_complete_req;
+
+	fuse_request_send_background(fc, req);
+
+	return num_bytes;
+}
+
 static size_t fuse_send_read(struct fuse_req *req, struct file *file,
 			     loff_t pos, size_t count, fl_owner_t owner)
 {
fs/fuse/fuse_i.h +15 -0
index e4f70ea..618d48a 100644
@@ -219,6 +219,18 @@ enum fuse_req_state {
 	FUSE_REQ_FINISHED
 };
 
+/** The request IO state (for asynchronous processing) */
+struct fuse_io_priv {
+	spinlock_t lock;
+	unsigned reqs;
+	ssize_t bytes;
+	size_t size;
+	__u64 offset;
+	bool write;
+	int err;
+	struct kiocb *iocb;
+};
+
 /**
  * A request to the client
  */
@@ -323,6 +335,9 @@ struct fuse_req {
 	/** Inode used in the request or NULL */
 	struct inode *inode;
 
+	/** AIO control block */
+	struct fuse_io_priv *io;
+
 	/** Link on fi->writepages */
 	struct list_head writepages_entry;
 
#3 lore raw

PATCH 3/6 fuse: make fuse_direct_io() aware about AIO

In reply to Maxim V. Patlasov

The patch implements passing "struct kiocb *async" down the stack up to fuse_send_read/write where it is used to submit request asynchronously. async==NULL designates synchronous processing.

Non-trivial part of the patch is changes in fuse_direct_io(): resources like fuse requests and user pages cannot be released immediately in async case.

---
 fs/fuse/cuse.c   |    4 ++--
 fs/fuse/file.c   |   58 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------
 fs/fuse/fuse_i.h |    2 +-
 3 files changed, 42 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-)
fs/fuse/cuse.c +2 -2
index 65ce10a..beb99e9 100644
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ static ssize_t cuse_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t count,
 	loff_t pos = 0;
 	struct iovec iov = { .iov_base = buf, .iov_len = count };
 
-	return fuse_direct_io(file, &iov, 1, count, &pos, 0);
+	return fuse_direct_io(file, &iov, 1, count, &pos, 0, NULL);
 }
 
 static ssize_t cuse_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ static ssize_t cuse_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
 	 * No locking or generic_write_checks(), the server is
 	 * responsible for locking and sanity checks.
 	 */
-	return fuse_direct_io(file, &iov, 1, count, &pos, 1);
+	return fuse_direct_io(file, &iov, 1, count, &pos, 1, NULL);
 }
 
 static int cuse_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
fs/fuse/file.c +39 -19

164 lines not on this page · raw message

fs/fuse/fuse_i.h +1 -1
index 618d48a..173c959 100644
@@ -828,7 +828,7 @@ int fuse_do_open(struct fuse_conn *fc, u64 nodeid, struct file *file,
 		 bool isdir);
 ssize_t fuse_direct_io(struct file *file, const struct iovec *iov,
 		       unsigned long nr_segs, size_t count, loff_t *ppos,
-		       int write);
+		       int write, struct kiocb *async);
 long fuse_do_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg,
 		   unsigned int flags);
 long fuse_ioctl_common(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd,
#4 lore raw

PATCH 4/6 fuse: enable asynchronous processing direct IO

In reply to Maxim V. Patlasov

In case of synchronous DIO request (i.e. read(2) or write(2) for a file opened with O_DIRECT), the patch submits fuse requests asynchronously, but waits for their completions before return from fuse_direct_IO().

In case of asynchronous DIO request (i.e. libaio io_submit() or a file opened with O_DIRECT), the patch submits fuse requests asynchronously and return -EIOCBQUEUED immediately.

The only special case is async DIO extending file. Here the patch falls back to old behaviour because we can't return -EIOCBQUEUED and update i_size later, without i_mutex hold.

---
 fs/fuse/file.c |   44 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 1 files changed, 42 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
fs/fuse/file.c +42 -2
index c585158..ef6d3de 100644
@@ -2348,14 +2348,54 @@ fuse_direct_IO(int rw, struct kiocb *iocb, const struct iovec *iov,
 	ssize_t ret = 0;
 	struct file *file = NULL;
 	loff_t pos = 0;
+	struct inode *inode;
+	loff_t i_size;
+	size_t count = iov_length(iov, nr_segs);
+	struct kiocb *async_cb = NULL;
 
 	file = iocb->ki_filp;
 	pos = offset;
+	inode = file->f_mapping->host;
+	i_size = i_size_read(inode);
+
+	/* cannot write beyond eof asynchronously */
+	if (is_sync_kiocb(iocb) || (offset + count <= i_size) || rw != WRITE) {
+		struct fuse_io_priv *io;
+
+		io = kmalloc(sizeof(struct fuse_io_priv), GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!io)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+
+		spin_lock_init(&io->lock);
+		io->reqs = 1;
+		io->bytes = -1;
+		io->size = 0;
+		io->offset = offset;
+		io->write = (rw == WRITE);
+		io->err = 0;
+		io->iocb = iocb;
+		iocb->private = io;
+
+		async_cb = iocb;
+	}
 
 	if (rw == WRITE)
-		ret = __fuse_direct_write(file, iov, nr_segs, &pos, NULL);
+		ret = __fuse_direct_write(file, iov, nr_segs, &pos, async_cb);
 	else
-		ret = __fuse_direct_read(file, iov, nr_segs, &pos, NULL);
+		ret = __fuse_direct_read(file, iov, nr_segs, &pos, async_cb);
+
+	if (async_cb) {
+		fuse_aio_complete(async_cb->private, ret == count ? 0 : -EIO,
+				  -1);
+
+		if (!is_sync_kiocb(iocb))
+			return -EIOCBQUEUED;
+
+		ret = wait_on_sync_kiocb(iocb);
+
+		if (rw == WRITE && ret > 0)
+			fuse_write_update_size(inode, pos);
+	}
 
 	return ret;
 }
#5 lore raw

PATCH 5/6 fuse: truncate file if async dio failed

In reply to Maxim V. Patlasov

The patch improves error handling in fuse_direct_IO(): if we successfully submitted several fuse requests on behalf of synchronous direct write extending file and some of them failed, let's try to do our best to clean-up.

---
 fs/fuse/file.c |   55 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 1 files changed, 53 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
fs/fuse/file.c +53 -2
index ef6d3de..3e0fdb7 100644
@@ -2341,6 +2341,53 @@ int fuse_notify_poll_wakeup(struct fuse_conn *fc,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void fuse_do_truncate(struct file *file)
+{
+	struct fuse_file *ff = file->private_data;
+	struct inode *inode = file->f_mapping->host;
+	struct fuse_conn *fc = get_fuse_conn(inode);
+	struct fuse_req *req;
+	struct fuse_setattr_in inarg;
+	struct fuse_attr_out outarg;
+	int err;
+
+	req = fuse_get_req_nopages(fc);
+	if (IS_ERR(req)) {
+		printk(KERN_WARNING "failed to allocate req for truncate "
+		       "(%ld)\n", PTR_ERR(req));
+		return;
+	}
+
+	memset(&inarg, 0, sizeof(inarg));
+	memset(&outarg, 0, sizeof(outarg));
+
+	inarg.valid |= FATTR_SIZE;
+	inarg.size = i_size_read(inode);
+
+	inarg.valid |= FATTR_FH;
+	inarg.fh = ff->fh;
+
+	req->in.h.opcode = FUSE_SETATTR;
+	req->in.h.nodeid = get_node_id(inode);
+	req->in.numargs = 1;
+	req->in.args[0].size = sizeof(inarg);
+	req->in.args[0].value = &inarg;
+	req->out.numargs = 1;
+	if (fc->minor < 9)
+		req->out.args[0].size = FUSE_COMPAT_ATTR_OUT_SIZE;
+	else
+		req->out.args[0].size = sizeof(outarg);
+	req->out.args[0].value = &outarg;
+
+	fuse_request_send(fc, req);
+	err = req->out.h.error;
+	fuse_put_request(fc, req);
+
+	if (err)
+		printk(KERN_WARNING "failed to truncate to %lld with error "
+		       "%d\n", i_size_read(inode), err);
+}
+
 static ssize_t
 fuse_direct_IO(int rw, struct kiocb *iocb, const struct iovec *iov,
 			loff_t offset, unsigned long nr_segs)
@@ -2393,8 +2440,12 @@ fuse_direct_IO(int rw, struct kiocb *iocb, const struct iovec *iov,
 
 		ret = wait_on_sync_kiocb(iocb);
 
-		if (rw == WRITE && ret > 0)
-			fuse_write_update_size(inode, pos);
+		if (rw == WRITE) {
+			if (ret > 0)
+				fuse_write_update_size(inode, pos);
+			else if (ret < 0 && offset + count > i_size)
+				fuse_do_truncate(file);
+		}
 	}
 
 	return ret;
#6 lore raw

PATCH 6/6 fuse: optimize short direct reads

In reply to Maxim V. Patlasov

If user requested direct read beyond EOF, we can skip sending fuse requests for positions beyond EOF because userspace would ACK them with zero bytes read anyway. We can trust to i_size in fuse_direct_IO for such cases because it's called from fuse_file_aio_read() and the latter updates fuse attributes including i_size.

---
 fs/fuse/file.c |   19 +++++++++++++------
 1 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
fs/fuse/file.c +13 -6
index 3e0fdb7..d2094e1 100644
@@ -1324,7 +1324,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fuse_direct_io);
 
 static ssize_t __fuse_direct_read(struct file *file, const struct iovec *iov,
 				  unsigned long nr_segs, loff_t *ppos,
-				  struct kiocb *async)
+				  struct kiocb *async, size_t count)
 {
 	ssize_t res;
 	struct inode *inode = file->f_path.dentry->d_inode;
@@ -1332,8 +1332,7 @@ static ssize_t __fuse_direct_read(struct file *file, const struct iovec *iov,
 	if (is_bad_inode(inode))
 		return -EIO;
 
-	res = fuse_direct_io(file, iov, nr_segs, iov_length(iov, nr_segs),
-			     ppos, 0, async);
+	res = fuse_direct_io(file, iov, nr_segs, count, ppos, 0, async);
 
 	fuse_invalidate_attr(inode);
 
@@ -1344,7 +1343,7 @@ static ssize_t fuse_direct_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf,
 				     size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
 {
 	struct iovec iov = { .iov_base = buf, .iov_len = count };
-	return __fuse_direct_read(file, &iov, 1, ppos, NULL);
+	return __fuse_direct_read(file, &iov, 1, ppos, NULL, count);
 }
 
 static ssize_t __fuse_direct_write(struct file *file, const struct iovec *iov,
@@ -2405,8 +2404,15 @@ fuse_direct_IO(int rw, struct kiocb *iocb, const struct iovec *iov,
 	inode = file->f_mapping->host;
 	i_size = i_size_read(inode);
 
+	/* optimization for short read */
+	if (rw != WRITE && offset + count > i_size) {
+		if (offset >= i_size)
+			return 0;
+		count = i_size - offset;
+	}
+
 	/* cannot write beyond eof asynchronously */
-	if (is_sync_kiocb(iocb) || (offset + count <= i_size) || rw != WRITE) {
+	if (is_sync_kiocb(iocb) || (offset + count <= i_size)) {
 		struct fuse_io_priv *io;
 
 		io = kmalloc(sizeof(struct fuse_io_priv), GFP_KERNEL);
@@ -2429,7 +2435,8 @@ fuse_direct_IO(int rw, struct kiocb *iocb, const struct iovec *iov,
 	if (rw == WRITE)
 		ret = __fuse_direct_write(file, iov, nr_segs, &pos, async_cb);
 	else
-		ret = __fuse_direct_read(file, iov, nr_segs, &pos, async_cb);
+		ret = __fuse_direct_read(file, iov, nr_segs, &pos, async_cb,
+					 count);
 
 	if (async_cb) {
 		fuse_aio_complete(async_cb->private, ret == count ? 0 : -EIO,