mm: working set fixes
Subsystems (2)
cover mm: working set fixes
Hi Johannes,
this is my attempt to backport your 22f2ac51b6d6 ("mm: workingset: fix crash in shadow node shrinker caused by replace_page_cache_page()") which has been marked for 3.15+ stable trees. There are 2 follow up fixes for this patch d3798ae8c6f3 ("mm: filemap: don't plant shadow entries without radix tree node") and 3ddf40e8c319 ("mm: filemap: fix mapping->nrpages double accounting in fuse") which are backported here as well.
This is not an area I would feel really strongly so I would highly appreciate if you could review these backports. The first two needed quite some tweaking.
Thanks!
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PATCH 1/3 mm: workingset: fix crash in shadow node shrinker caused by replace_page_cache_page()
From: Johannes Weiner <[email protected]>
Commit 22f2ac51b6d643666f4db093f13144f773ff3f3a upstream.
Antonio reports the following crash when using fuse under memory pressure:
kernel BUG at /build/linux-a2WvEb/linux-4.4.0/mm/workingset.c:346! invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP
Modules linked in: all of them
CPU: 2 PID: 63 Comm: kswapd0 Not tainted 4.4.0-36-generic #55-Ubuntu
Hardware name: System manufacturer System Product Name/P8H67-M PRO, BIOS 3904 04/27/2013
task: ffff88040cae6040 ti: ffff880407488000 task.ti: ffff880407488000
RIP: shadow_lru_isolate+0x181/0x190
Call Trace:
__list_lru_walk_one.isra.3+0x8f/0x130
list_lru_walk_one+0x23/0x30
scan_shadow_nodes+0x34/0x50
shrink_slab.part.40+0x1ed/0x3d0
shrink_zone+0x2ca/0x2e0
kswapd+0x51e/0x990
kthread+0xd8/0xf0
ret_from_fork+0x3f/0x70which corresponds to the following sanity check in the shadow node tracking:
BUG_ON(node->count & RADIX_TREE_COUNT_MASK);
The workingset code tracks radix tree nodes that exclusively contain shadow entries of evicted pages in them, and this (somewhat obscure) line checks whether there are real pages left that would interfere with reclaim of the radix tree node under memory pressure.
While discussing ways how fuse might sneak pages into the radix tree past the workingset code, Miklos pointed to replace_page_cache_page(), and indeed there is a problem there: it properly accounts for the old page being removed - __delete_from_page_cache() does that - but then does a raw raw radix_tree_insert(), not accounting for the replacement page. Eventually the page count bits in node->count underflow while leaving the node incorrectly linked to the shadow node LRU.
To address this, make sure replace_page_cache_page() uses the tracked page insertion code, page_cache_tree_insert(). This fixes the page accounting and makes sure page-containing nodes are properly unlinked from the shadow node LRU again.
Also, make the sanity checks a bit less obscure by using the helpers for checking the number of pages and shadows in a radix tree node.
--- include/linux/swap.h | 2 ++ mm/filemap.c | 86 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------------------- mm/workingset.c | 10 +++--- 3 files changed, 49 insertions(+), 49 deletions(-)
include/linux/swap.h +2 -0
@@ -266,6 +266,7 @@ static inline void workingset_node_pages_inc(struct radix_tree_node *node)static inline void workingset_node_pages_dec (struct radix_tree_node *node) { +VM_BUG_ON (!workingset_node_pages (node)); node->count--; }
@@ -281,6 +282,7 @@ static inline void workingset_node_shadows_inc(struct radix_tree_node *node)static inline void workingset_node_shadows_dec (struct radix_tree_node *node) { +VM_BUG_ON (!workingset_node_shadows (node)); node->count -=1U <<RADIX_TREE_COUNT_SHIFT ; }
mm/filemap.c +43 -43
104 lines not on this page · raw message
mm/workingset.c +4 -6
@@ -341,21 +341,19 @@ static enum lru_status shadow_lru_isolate(struct list_head *item,* no pages, so we expect to be able to remove them all and * delete and free the empty node afterwards. */ - -BUG_ON (!node->count); -BUG_ON (node->count &RADIX_TREE_COUNT_MASK ); +BUG_ON (!workingset_node_shadows (node)); +BUG_ON (workingset_node_pages (node));for (i =0 ; i <RADIX_TREE_MAP_SIZE ; i++) {if (node->slots[i]) {BUG_ON (!radix_tree_exceptional_entry (node->slots[i])); node->slots[i] =NULL ; -BUG_ON (node->count < (1U <<RADIX_TREE_COUNT_SHIFT )); - node->count -=1U <<RADIX_TREE_COUNT_SHIFT ; +workingset_node_shadows_dec (node);BUG_ON (!mapping->nrshadows); mapping->nrshadows--; } } -BUG_ON (node->count); +BUG_ON (workingset_node_shadows (node));inc_zone_state (page_zone (virt_to_page (node)),WORKINGSET_NODERECLAIM );if (!__radix_tree_delete_node (&mapping->page_tree, node))BUG ();
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Re: [Stable 4.4 - NEEDS REVIEW - 1/3] mm: workingset: fix crash in shadow node shrinker caused by replace_page_cache_page()
Quoted 69 lines · Michal Hocko
From: Johannes Weiner <[email protected]>
Commit
22f2ac51b6d643666f4db093f13144f773ff3f3aupstream.Antonio reports the following crash when using fuse under memory pressure:
kernel BUG at /build/linux-a2WvEb/linux-4.4.0/mm/workingset.c:346! invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP
Modules linked in: all of them CPU: 2 PID: 63 Comm: kswapd0 Not tainted 4.4.0-36-generic #55-Ubuntu Hardware name: System manufacturer System Product Name/P8H67-M PRO, BIOS 3904 04/27/2013 task: ffff88040cae6040 ti: ffff880407488000 task.ti: ffff880407488000 RIP: shadow_lru_isolate+0x181/0x190 Call Trace: __list_lru_walk_one.isra.3+0x8f/0x130 list_lru_walk_one+0x23/0x30 scan_shadow_nodes+0x34/0x50 shrink_slab.part.40+0x1ed/0x3d0 shrink_zone+0x2ca/0x2e0 kswapd+0x51e/0x990 kthread+0xd8/0xf0 ret_from_fork+0x3f/0x70which corresponds to the following sanity check in the shadow node tracking:
BUG_ON(node->count & RADIX_TREE_COUNT_MASK);The workingset code tracks radix tree nodes that exclusively contain shadow entries of evicted pages in them, and this (somewhat obscure) line checks whether there are real pages left that would interfere with reclaim of the radix tree node under memory pressure.
While discussing ways how fuse might sneak pages into the radix tree past the workingset code, Miklos pointed to
replace_page_cache_page(), and indeed there is a problem there: it properly accounts for the old page being removed -__delete_from_page_cache()does that - but then does a raw rawradix_tree_insert(), not accounting for the replacement page. Eventually the page count bits innode->countunderflow while leaving the node incorrectly linked to the shadow node LRU.To address this, make sure
replace_page_cache_page()uses the tracked page insertion code,page_cache_tree_insert(). This fixes the page accounting and makes sure page-containing nodes are properly unlinked from the shadow node LRU again.Also, make the sanity checks a bit less obscure by using the helpers for checking the number of pages and shadows in a radix tree node.
Fixes 449dd6984d0e ("mm: keep page cache radix tree nodes in check")Signed-off-by Johannes Weiner <[email protected]>Reported-by Antonio SJ Musumeci <[email protected]>Debugged-by Miklos Szeredi <[email protected]>Cc <[email protected]> [3.15+]Signed-off-by Andrew Morton <[email protected]>Signed-off-by Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>Signed-off-by Michal Hocko <[email protected]>--- include/linux/swap.h | 2 ++ mm/filemap.c | 86 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------------------- mm/workingset.c | 10 +++--- 3 files changed, 49 insertions(+), 49 deletions(-)include/linux/swap.h +0
-0
include/linux/swap.h static inline void workingset_node_pages_inc(struct radix_tree_node *node) · line 271
Quoted 6 lines
include/linux/swap.h +1
-0@@ -266,6 +266,7 @@ static inline void workingset_node_pages_inc(struct radix_tree_node *node)static inline void workingset_node_pages_dec (struct radix_tree_node *node) { +VM_BUG_ON (!workingset_node_pages (node)); node->count--; }
We should also pull 21f54ddae449 ("Using BUG_ON() as an assert() is _never_ acceptable") into stable on top of this patch to replace the BUG_ONs with warnings.
Otherwise this looks good to me.
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Re: [Stable 4.4 - NEEDS REVIEW - 1/3] mm: workingset: fix crash in shadow node shrinker caused by replace_page_cache_page()
Quoted 1 line · Johannes Weiner
On Mon, Oct 24, 2016 at 05:26:03PM +0200, Michal Hocko wrote:
[...]
Quoted 16 lines
include/linux/swap.h static inline void workingset_node_pages_inc(struct radix_tree_node *node) · line 271
Quoted 11 lines
include/linux/swap.h +1
-0@@ -266,6 +266,7 @@ static inline void workingset_node_pages_inc(struct radix_tree_node *node)static inline void workingset_node_pages_dec (struct radix_tree_node *node) { +VM_BUG_ON (!workingset_node_pages (node)); node->count--; }We should also pull
21f54ddae449("UsingBUG_ON()as anassert()is _never_ acceptable") into stable on top of this patch to replace theBUG_ONswith warnings.
Quoted 1 line
Otherwise this looks good to me.
OK, I have put that one on top and after the review will post it in one series. Thanks for the review Johannes!
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Michal Hocko SUSE Labs -- To unsubscribe, send a message with 'unsubscribe linux-mm' in the body to [email protected]. For more info on Linux MM, see: http://www.linux-mm.org/ . Don't email: <a href=mailto:"[email protected]"> [email protected] </a>
PATCH 2/3 mm: filemap: don't plant shadow entries without radix tree node
In reply to Michal HockoFrom: Johannes Weiner <[email protected]>
Commit d3798ae8c6f3767c726403c2ca6ecc317752c9dd upstream.
When the underflow checks were added to workingset_node_shadow_dec(), they triggered immediately:
kernel BUG at ./include/linux/swap.h:276!
invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP
Modules linked in: isofs usb_storage fuse xt_CHECKSUM ipt_MASQUERADE nf_nat_masquerade_ipv4 tun nf_conntrack_netbios_ns nf_conntrack_broadcast ip6t_REJECT nf_reject_ipv6
soundcore wmi acpi_als pinctrl_sunrisepoint kfifo_buf tpm_tis industrialio acpi_pad pinctrl_intel tpm_tis_core tpm nfsd auth_rpcgss nfs_acl lockd grace sunrpc dm_crypt
CPU: 0 PID: 20929 Comm: blkid Not tainted 4.8.0-rc8-00087-gbe67d60ba944 #1
Hardware name: System manufacturer System Product Name/Z170-K, BIOS 1803 05/06/2016
task: ffff8faa93ecd940 task.stack: ffff8faa7f478000
RIP: page_cache_tree_insert+0xf1/0x100
Call Trace:
__add_to_page_cache_locked+0x12e/0x270
add_to_page_cache_lru+0x4e/0xe0
mpage_readpages+0x112/0x1d0
blkdev_readpages+0x1d/0x20
__do_page_cache_readahead+0x1ad/0x290
force_page_cache_readahead+0xaa/0x100
page_cache_sync_readahead+0x3f/0x50
generic_file_read_iter+0x5af/0x740
blkdev_read_iter+0x35/0x40
__vfs_read+0xe1/0x130
vfs_read+0x96/0x130
SyS_read+0x55/0xc0
entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x13/0x8f
Code: 03 00 48 8b 5d d8 65 48 33 1c 25 28 00 00 00 44 89 e8 75 19 48 83 c4 18 5b 41 5c 41 5d 41 5e 5d c3 0f 0b 41 bd ef ff ff ff eb d7 <0f> 0b e8 88 68 ef ff 0f 1f 84 00
RIP page_cache_tree_insert+0xf1/0x100This is a long-standing bug in the way shadow entries are accounted in the radix tree nodes. The shrinker needs to know when radix tree nodes contain only shadow entries, no pages, so node->count is split in half to count shadows in the upper bits and pages in the lower bits.
Unfortunately, the radix tree implementation doesn't know of this and assumes all entries are in node->count. When there is a shadow entry directly in root->rnode and the tree is later extended, the radix tree implementation will copy that entry into the new node and and bump its node->count, i.e. increases the page count bits. Once the shadow gets removed and we subtract from the upper counter, node->count underflows and triggers the warning. Afterwards, without node->count reaching 0 again, the radix tree node is leaked.
Limit shadow entries to when we have actual radix tree nodes and can count them properly. That means we lose the ability to detect refaults from files that had only the first page faulted in at eviction time.
--- include/linux/radix-tree.h | 3 +++ lib/radix-tree.c | 14 ++++++++++++++ mm/filemap.c | 48 +++++++++++++++++++++------------------------- 3 files changed, 39 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-)
include/linux/radix-tree.h +3 -0
@@ -271,6 +271,9 @@ bool __radix_tree_delete_node(struct radix_tree_root *root, struct radix_tree_node *node);void *radix_tree_delete_item (struct radix_tree_root *,unsigned long ,void *);void *radix_tree_delete (struct radix_tree_root *,unsigned long ); +void radix_tree_clear_tags (struct radix_tree_root *root, +struct radix_tree_node *node, +void **slot);unsigned int radix_tree_gang_lookup (struct radix_tree_root *root,void **results,unsigned long first_index,unsigned int max_items);
lib/radix-tree.c +14 -0
@@ -1430,6 +1430,20 @@ void *radix_tree_delete(struct radix_tree_root *root, unsigned long index) }EXPORT_SYMBOL (radix_tree_delete); +void radix_tree_clear_tags (struct radix_tree_root *root, +struct radix_tree_node *node, +void **slot) +{ +if (node) { +unsigned int tag, offset =get_slot_offset (node, slot); +for (tag =0 ; tag <RADIX_TREE_MAX_TAGS ; tag++) +node_tag_clear (root, node, tag, offset); + }else { +/* Clear root node tags */ + root->gfp_mask &= __GFP_BITS_MASK; + } +} +/** * radix_tree_tagged - test whether any items in the tree are tagged * @root: radix tree root
mm/filemap.c +22 -26
72 lines not on this page · raw message
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Re: [Stable 4.4 - NEEDS REVIEW - 2/3] mm: filemap: don't plant shadow entries without radix tree node
Hi Michal,
Quoted 22 lines · Michal Hocko
(quoted diff) +0
-12@@ -155,44 +155,27 @@ static void page_cache_tree_delete(struct address_space *mapping, struct page *page, void *shadow) { struct radix_tree_node *node; - unsigned long index; - unsigned int offset; - unsigned int tag; void **slot; VM_BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page)); __radix_tree_lookup(&mapping->page_tree, page->index, &node, &slot); - if (shadow) { - mapping->nrshadows++; - /* - * Make sure the nrshadows update is committed before - * the nrpages update so that final truncate racing - * with reclaim does not see both counters 0 at the - * same time and miss a shadow entry. - */ - smp_wmb();
Review static void page_cache_tree_delete(struct address_space *mapping, · line 184
Quoted 10 lines
(quoted diff) +1
-7- } - mapping->nrpages--; + radix_tree_clear_tags(&mapping->page_tree, node, slot); if (!node) { - /* Clear direct pointer tags in root node */ - mapping->page_tree.gfp_mask &= __GFP_BITS_MASK; - radix_tree_replace_slot(slot, shadow); - return; - }
There is no need to include the refactoring of the tag clearing in the stable backport. I already sent a simpler backport of this patch for 4.4 to Greg, attached here for reference:
Quoted 1 line
From
ba2dae8c4ddcc70a1d7bb1478f4c7c6ffe130b6fMon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Johannes Weiner <[email protected]>
Date: Fri, 21 Oct 2016 13:40:41 -0400
Subject: [PATCH] mm: filemap: don't plant shadow entries without radix tree
node
commit d3798ae8c6f3767c726403c2ca6ecc317752c9dd upstream.
When the underflow checks were added to workingset_node_shadow_dec(), they triggered immediately:
kernel BUG at ./include/linux/swap.h:276!
invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP
Modules linked in: isofs usb_storage fuse xt_CHECKSUM ipt_MASQUERADE nf_nat_masquerade_ipv4 tun nf_conntrack_netbios_ns nf_conntrack_broadcast ip6t_REJECT nf_reject_ipv6
soundcore wmi acpi_als pinctrl_sunrisepoint kfifo_buf tpm_tis industrialio acpi_pad pinctrl_intel tpm_tis_core tpm nfsd auth_rpcgss nfs_acl lockd grace sunrpc dm_crypt
CPU: 0 PID: 20929 Comm: blkid Not tainted 4.8.0-rc8-00087-gbe67d60ba944 #1
Hardware name: System manufacturer System Product Name/Z170-K, BIOS 1803 05/06/2016
task: ffff8faa93ecd940 task.stack: ffff8faa7f478000
RIP: page_cache_tree_insert+0xf1/0x100
Call Trace:
__add_to_page_cache_locked+0x12e/0x270
add_to_page_cache_lru+0x4e/0xe0
mpage_readpages+0x112/0x1d0
blkdev_readpages+0x1d/0x20
__do_page_cache_readahead+0x1ad/0x290
force_page_cache_readahead+0xaa/0x100
page_cache_sync_readahead+0x3f/0x50
generic_file_read_iter+0x5af/0x740
blkdev_read_iter+0x35/0x40
__vfs_read+0xe1/0x130
vfs_read+0x96/0x130
SyS_read+0x55/0xc0
entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x13/0x8f
Code: 03 00 48 8b 5d d8 65 48 33 1c 25 28 00 00 00 44 89 e8 75 19 48 83 c4 18 5b 41 5c 41 5d 41 5e 5d c3 0f 0b 41 bd ef ff ff ff eb d7 <0f> 0b e8 88 68 ef ff 0f 1f 84 00
RIP page_cache_tree_insert+0xf1/0x100This is a long-standing bug in the way shadow entries are accounted in the radix tree nodes. The shrinker needs to know when radix tree nodes contain only shadow entries, no pages, so node->count is split in half to count shadows in the upper bits and pages in the lower bits.
Unfortunately, the radix tree implementation doesn't know of this and assumes all entries are in node->count. When there is a shadow entry directly in root->rnode and the tree is later extended, the radix tree implementation will copy that entry into the new node and and bump its node->count, i.e. increases the page count bits. Once the shadow gets removed and we subtract from the upper counter, node->count underflows and triggers the warning. Afterwards, without node->count reaching 0 again, the radix tree node is leaked.
Limit shadow entries to when we have actual radix tree nodes and can count them properly. That means we lose the ability to detect refaults from files that had only the first page faulted in at eviction time.
--- mm/filemap.c | 8 ++++++++ 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+)
mm/filemap.c +8 -0
@@ -122,6 +122,14 @@ static void page_cache_tree_delete(struct address_space *mapping,__radix_tree_lookup (&mapping->page_tree, page->index, &node, &slot); +if (!node) { +/* +* We need a node to properly account shadow +* entries. Don't plant any without. XXX +*/ + shadow =NULL ; + } +if (shadow) { mapping->nrshadows++;/*
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Re: [Stable 4.4 - NEEDS REVIEW - 2/3] mm: filemap: don't plant shadow entries without radix tree node
Quoted 29 lines · Johannes Weiner
Hi Michal,
Quoted 26 lines · Michal Hocko
(quoted diff) +1
-14@@ -155,44 +155,27 @@ static void page_cache_tree_delete(struct address_space *mapping, struct page *page, void *shadow) { struct radix_tree_node *node; - unsigned long index; - unsigned int offset; - unsigned int tag; void **slot; VM_BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page)); __radix_tree_lookup(&mapping->page_tree, page->index, &node, &slot); - if (shadow) { - mapping->nrshadows++; - /* - * Make sure the nrshadows update is committed before - * the nrpages update so that final truncate racing - * with reclaim does not see both counters 0 at the - * same time and miss a shadow entry. - */ - smp_wmb(); - } - mapping->nrpages--; + radix_tree_clear_tags(&mapping->page_tree, node, slot);
Quoted 10 lines
Review static void page_cache_tree_delete(struct address_space *mapping, · line 184
Quoted 6 lines
(quoted diff) +0
-5if (!node) { - /* Clear direct pointer tags in root node */ - mapping->page_tree.gfp_mask &= __GFP_BITS_MASK; - radix_tree_replace_slot(slot, shadow); - return; - }There is no need to include the refactoring of the tag clearing in the stable backport. I already sent a simpler backport of this patch for 4.4 to Greg, attached here for reference:
I do not see this in 4.4 so maybe it's fallen through cracks. Yours definitely looks easier and I will use it. I will post all 4 patches for inclusion for stable tomorrow unless something else pops out.
Thanks for the review again!
Signature · 8 lines
Michal Hocko SUSE Labs -- To unsubscribe, send a message with 'unsubscribe linux-mm' in the body to [email protected]. For more info on Linux MM, see: http://www.linux-mm.org/ . Don't email: <a href=mailto:"[email protected]"> [email protected] </a>
PATCH 3/3 mm: filemap: fix mapping->nrpages double accounting in fuse
In reply to Michal HockoFrom: Johannes Weiner <[email protected]>
Commit 3ddf40e8c31964b744ff10abb48c8e36a83ec6e7 upstream.
Commit 22f2ac51b6d6 ("mm: workingset: fix crash in shadow node shrinker caused by replace_page_cache_page()") switched replace_page_cache() from raw radix tree operations to page_cache_tree_insert() but didn't take into account that the latter function, unlike the raw radix tree op, handles mapping->nrpages. As a result, that counter is bumped for each page replacement rather than balanced out even.
The mapping->nrpages counter is used to skip needless radix tree walks when invalidating, truncating, syncing inodes without pages, as well as statistics for userspace. Since the error is positive, we'll do more page cache tree walks than necessary; we won't miss a necessary one. And we'll report more buffer pages to userspace than there are. The error is limited to fuse inodes.
--- mm/filemap.c | 1 - 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)
mm/filemap.c +0 -1
@@ -578,7 +578,6 @@ int replace_page_cache_page(struct page *old, struct page *new, gfp_t gfp_mask)__delete_from_page_cache (old,NULL , memcg); error =page_cache_tree_insert (mapping, new,NULL );BUG_ON (error); - mapping->nrpages++;/* * hugetlb pages do not participate in page cache accounting.
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Re: [Stable 4.4 - NEEDS REVIEW - 3/3] mm: filemap: fix mapping->nrpages double accounting in fuse
This one looks good to me.
Thanks
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