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sched/rt: Do not pull from current CPU if only one cpu to pull

PATCH In review Steven Rostedt 5 participants 10 messages Dec 2, 2017 – Dec 15, 2017 Scheduler

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Steven Rostedt

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#0 lore raw

PATCH 1/1 sched/rt: Do not pull from current CPU if only one cpu to pull

Daniel Wagner reported a crash on the beaglebone black. This is a single CPU architecture, and does not have a functional:
arch_send_call_function_single_ipi() and can crash if that is called.

As it only has one CPU, it shouldn't be called, but if the kernel is compiled for SMP, the push/pull RT scheduling logic now calls it for irq_work if the one CPU is overloaded, it can use that function to call itself and crash the kernel.

Ideally, we should disable the SCHED_FEAT(RT_PUSH_IPI) if the system only has a single CPU. But SCHED_FEAT is a constant if sched debugging is turned off. Another fix can also be used, and this should also help with normal SMP machines. That is, do not initiate the pull code if there's only one RT overloaded CPU, and that CPU happens to be the current CPU that is scheduling in a lower priority task.

Even on a system with many CPUs, if there's many RT tasks waiting to run on a single CPU, and that CPU schedules in another RT task of lower priority, it will initiate the PULL logic in case there's a higher priority RT task on another CPU that is waiting to run. But if there is no other CPU with waiting RT tasks, it will initiate the RT pull logic on itself (as it still has RT tasks waiting to run). This is a wasted effort.

Not only does this help with SMP code where the current CPU is the only one with RT overloaded tasks, it should also solve the issue that Daniel encountered, because it will prevent the PULL logic from executing, as there's only one CPU on the system, and the check added here will cause it to exit the RT pull code.

Fixes 4bdced5c9 ("sched/rt: Simplify the IPI based RT balancing logic")

---

kernel/sched/rt.c +7 -1
index 4056c19ca3f0..665ace2fc558 100644
@@ -2034,8 +2034,9 @@ static void pull_rt_task(struct rq *this_rq)
 	bool resched = false;
 	struct task_struct *p;
 	struct rq *src_rq;
+	int rt_overload_count = rt_overloaded(this_rq);
 
-	if (likely(!rt_overloaded(this_rq)))
+	if (likely(!rt_overload_count))
 		return;
 
 	/*
@@ -2044,6 +2045,11 @@ static void pull_rt_task(struct rq *this_rq)
 	 */
 	smp_rmb();
 
+	/* If we are the only overloaded CPU do nothing */
+	if (rt_overload_count == 1 &&
+	    cpumask_test_cpu(this_rq->cpu, this_rq->rd->rto_mask))
+		return;
+
 #ifdef HAVE_RT_PUSH_IPI
 	if (sched_feat(RT_PUSH_IPI)) {
 		tell_cpu_to_push(this_rq);
maintainer
#1 lore raw

Hi Steve,

Quoted 51 lines · Steven Rostedt

Daniel Wagner reported a crash on the beaglebone black. This is a single CPU architecture, and does not have a functional:
arch_send_call_function_single_ipi() and can crash if that is called.

As it only has one CPU, it shouldn't be called, but if the kernel is compiled for SMP, the push/pull RT scheduling logic now calls it for irq_work if the one CPU is overloaded, it can use that function to call itself and crash the kernel.

Ideally, we should disable the SCHED_FEAT(RT_PUSH_IPI) if the system only has a single CPU. But SCHED_FEAT is a constant if sched debugging is turned off. Another fix can also be used, and this should also help with normal SMP machines. That is, do not initiate the pull code if there's only one RT overloaded CPU, and that CPU happens to be the current CPU that is scheduling in a lower priority task.

Even on a system with many CPUs, if there's many RT tasks waiting to run on a single CPU, and that CPU schedules in another RT task of lower priority, it will initiate the PULL logic in case there's a higher priority RT task on another CPU that is waiting to run. But if there is no other CPU with waiting RT tasks, it will initiate the RT pull logic on itself (as it still has RT tasks waiting to run). This is a wasted effort.

Not only does this help with SMP code where the current CPU is the only one with RT overloaded tasks, it should also solve the issue that Daniel encountered, because it will prevent the PULL logic from executing, as there's only one CPU on the system, and the check added here will cause it to exit the RT pull code.

Fixes 4bdced5c9 ("sched/rt: Simplify the IPI based RT balancing logic")

---

kernel/sched/rt.c +2 -1
index 4056c19ca3f0..665ace2fc558 100644
@@ -2034,8 +2034,9 @@ static void pull_rt_task(struct rq *this_rq)
 	bool resched = false;
 	struct task_struct *p;
 	struct rq *src_rq;
+	int rt_overload_count = rt_overloaded(this_rq);
 
-	if (likely(!rt_overloaded(this_rq)))
+	if (likely(!rt_overload_count))
 		return;
 
 	/*

kernel/sched/rt.c static void pull_rt_task(struct rq *this_rq) · line 2052

Quoted 8 lines
kernel/sched/rt.c +5 -0
@@ -2044,6 +2045,11 @@ static void pull_rt_task(struct rq *this_rq)
 	 */
 	smp_rmb();
 
+	/* If we are the only overloaded CPU do nothing */
+	if (rt_overload_count == 1 &&
+	    cpumask_test_cpu(this_rq->cpu, this_rq->rd->rto_mask))
+		return;
+

Right. I was wondering however if for the truly UP case we shouldn't be initiating/queueing callbacks (pull/push) at all?

DEADLINE doesn't use (yet?) the PUSH_IPI, but we will need a similar patch to keep logics aligned.

Best,

Juri

author reviewer
#2 lore raw
Quoted 2 lines · On Mon, 4 Dec 2017 08:45:17 +0100 Juri Lelli <[email protected]> wrote:

Right. I was wondering however if for the truly UP case we shouldn't be initiating/queueing callbacks (pull/push) at all?

If !CONFIG_SMP then it's not compiled in. The issue came up when Daniel ran a CONFIG_SMP kernel on an arch that only supports UP.

Quoted 3 lines

DEADLINE doesn't use (yet?) the PUSH_IPI, but we will need a similar patch to keep logics aligned.

Maybe.

-- Steve

maintainer
#3 lore raw
Quoted 9 lines · Steven Rostedt
Quoted 2 lines · On Mon, 4 Dec 2017 08:45:17 +0100 Juri Lelli <[email protected]> wrote:

Right. I was wondering however if for the truly UP case we shouldn't be initiating/queueing callbacks (pull/push) at all?

If !CONFIG_SMP then it's not compiled in. The issue came up when Daniel ran a CONFIG_SMP kernel on an arch that only supports UP.

Right, sorry. I meant num_online_cpus() == 1.

Best,

Juri

author reviewer
#4 lore raw
Quoted 4 lines · On Mon, 4 Dec 2017 10:07:57 +0100 Juri Lelli <[email protected]> wrote:
Quoted 3 lines · Steven Rostedt

On Mon, 4 Dec 2017 08:45:17 +0100
Juri Lelli <[email protected]> wrote:

Quoted 9 lines
Quoted 6 lines
Quoted 2 lines

Right. I was wondering however if for the truly UP case we shouldn't be initiating/queueing callbacks (pull/push) at all?

If !CONFIG_SMP then it's not compiled in. The issue came up when Daniel ran a CONFIG_SMP kernel on an arch that only supports UP.

Right, sorry. I meant num_online_cpus() == 1.

Correct. But we need to disable the push/pull when CPUs go down to 1, or if we see "num_possible_cpus() == 1" at boot up. It woulld need to be re-enabled when CPUs are onlined and count goes greater than one. Which we could also add, and I started going that route first. My first patch had that check at each push/pull, but num_online_cpus() is a weight of the cpumask, and for machines with more than 64 CPUs, calculating that number becomes a bigger task and we want to keep that out of the scheduler fast path, which push/pull logic happens to be in.

When looking at changing this code, I realized that rt_overloaded() returns the count of overloaded CPUs, and the check to see if the current CPU is overloaded is a single bit check of a cpumask (all very quick). This not only fixes the issue with what Daniel found, but also can help in certain cases on large CPU count machines.

-- Steve

Tested-by on v1 1/1
#5 lore raw
In reply to Steven Rostedt

Hi Steven,

Quoted 30 lines · Steven Rostedt

Daniel Wagner reported a crash on the beaglebone black. This is a single CPU architecture, and does not have a functional:
arch_send_call_function_single_ipi() and can crash if that is called.

As it only has one CPU, it shouldn't be called, but if the kernel is compiled for SMP, the push/pull RT scheduling logic now calls it for irq_work if the one CPU is overloaded, it can use that function to call itself and crash the kernel.

Ideally, we should disable the SCHED_FEAT(RT_PUSH_IPI) if the system only has a single CPU. But SCHED_FEAT is a constant if sched debugging is turned off. Another fix can also be used, and this should also help with normal SMP machines. That is, do not initiate the pull code if there's only one RT overloaded CPU, and that CPU happens to be the current CPU that is scheduling in a lower priority task.

Even on a system with many CPUs, if there's many RT tasks waiting to run on a single CPU, and that CPU schedules in another RT task of lower priority, it will initiate the PULL logic in case there's a higher priority RT task on another CPU that is waiting to run. But if there is no other CPU with waiting RT tasks, it will initiate the RT pull logic on itself (as it still has RT tasks waiting to run). This is a wasted effort.

Not only does this help with SMP code where the current CPU is the only one with RT overloaded tasks, it should also solve the issue that Daniel encountered, because it will prevent the PULL logic from executing, as there's only one CPU on the system, and the check added here will cause it to exit the RT pull code.

Quoted 4 lines
Fixes 4bdced5c9 ("sched/rt: Simplify the IPI based RT balancing logic")

Thanks,
Daniel

#6 lore raw
In reply to Steven Rostedt
Quoted 30 lines · Steven Rostedt

Daniel Wagner reported a crash on the beaglebone black. This is a single CPU architecture, and does not have a functional:
arch_send_call_function_single_ipi() and can crash if that is called.

As it only has one CPU, it shouldn't be called, but if the kernel is compiled for SMP, the push/pull RT scheduling logic now calls it for irq_work if the one CPU is overloaded, it can use that function to call itself and crash the kernel.

Ideally, we should disable the SCHED_FEAT(RT_PUSH_IPI) if the system only has a single CPU. But SCHED_FEAT is a constant if sched debugging is turned off. Another fix can also be used, and this should also help with normal SMP machines. That is, do not initiate the pull code if there's only one RT overloaded CPU, and that CPU happens to be the current CPU that is scheduling in a lower priority task.

Even on a system with many CPUs, if there's many RT tasks waiting to run on a single CPU, and that CPU schedules in another RT task of lower priority, it will initiate the PULL logic in case there's a higher priority RT task on another CPU that is waiting to run. But if there is no other CPU with waiting RT tasks, it will initiate the RT pull logic on itself (as it still has RT tasks waiting to run). This is a wasted effort.

Not only does this help with SMP code where the current CPU is the only one with RT overloaded tasks, it should also solve the issue that Daniel encountered, because it will prevent the PULL logic from executing, as there's only one CPU on the system, and the check added here will cause it to exit the RT pull code.

Quoted 4 lines
Fixes 4bdced5c9 ("sched/rt: Simplify the IPI based RT balancing logic")

I've added:

Which I suspect you just forgot to add?

Thanks,

Ingo

author reviewer
#7 lore raw
Quoted 10 lines · On Mon, 11 Dec 2017 17:47:32 +0100 Ingo Molnar <[email protected]> wrote:
Quoted 4 lines
Fixes 4bdced5c9 ("sched/rt: Simplify the IPI based RT balancing logic")

I've added:

Which I suspect you just forgot to add?

Ug, not sure how that happened, but yes, I simply forgot to add that (probably did it using quilt and expected to use git commit -s)

Thanks Ingo!

-- Steve

#8 lore raw
In reply to Steven Rostedt
sched/rt: Do not pull from current CPU if only one cpu to pull
Commit-ID:  f80a6308b1100d431e27afb61aa90d752df20aae
Gitweb:     https://git.kernel.org/tip/f80a6308b1100d431e27afb61aa90d752df20aae
Author:     Steven Rostedt <[email protected]>
AuthorDate: Sat, 2 Dec 2017 13:04:54 -0500
Committer:  Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
CommitDate: Mon, 11 Dec 2017 17:46:58 +0100

sched/rt: Do not pull from current CPU if only one cpu to pull

Daniel Wagner reported a crash on the beaglebone black. This is a single CPU architecture, and does not have a functional:
arch_send_call_function_single_ipi() and can crash if that is called.

As it only has one CPU, it shouldn't be called, but if the kernel is compiled for SMP, the push/pull RT scheduling logic now calls it for irq_work if the one CPU is overloaded, it can use that function to call itself and crash the kernel.

Ideally, we should disable the SCHED_FEAT(RT_PUSH_IPI) if the system only has a single CPU. But SCHED_FEAT is a constant if sched debugging is turned off. Another fix can also be used, and this should also help with normal SMP machines. That is, do not initiate the pull code if there's only one RT overloaded CPU, and that CPU happens to be the current CPU that is scheduling in a lower priority task.

Even on a system with many CPUs, if there's many RT tasks waiting to run on a single CPU, and that CPU schedules in another RT task of lower priority, it will initiate the PULL logic in case there's a higher priority RT task on another CPU that is waiting to run. But if there is no other CPU with waiting RT tasks, it will initiate the RT pull logic on itself (as it still has RT tasks waiting to run). This is a wasted effort.

Not only does this help with SMP code where the current CPU is the only one with RT overloaded tasks, it should also solve the issue that Daniel encountered, because it will prevent the PULL logic from executing, as there's only one CPU on the system, and the check added here will cause it to exit the RT pull code.

Cc Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
Cc Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <[email protected]>
Cc Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Cc linux-rt-users <[email protected]>
Fixes 4bdced5c9 ("sched/rt: Simplify the IPI based RT balancing logic")
---
 kernel/sched/rt.c | 8 +++++++-
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
kernel/sched/rt.c +7 -1
index 4056c19..665ace2 100644
@@ -2034,8 +2034,9 @@ static void pull_rt_task(struct rq *this_rq)
 	bool resched = false;
 	struct task_struct *p;
 	struct rq *src_rq;
+	int rt_overload_count = rt_overloaded(this_rq);
 
-	if (likely(!rt_overloaded(this_rq)))
+	if (likely(!rt_overload_count))
 		return;
 
 	/*
@@ -2044,6 +2045,11 @@ static void pull_rt_task(struct rq *this_rq)
 	 */
 	smp_rmb();
 
+	/* If we are the only overloaded CPU do nothing */
+	if (rt_overload_count == 1 &&
+	    cpumask_test_cpu(this_rq->cpu, this_rq->rd->rto_mask))
+		return;
+
 #ifdef HAVE_RT_PUSH_IPI
 	if (sched_feat(RT_PUSH_IPI)) {
 		tell_cpu_to_push(this_rq);
#9 lore raw

[tip:sched/urgent] sched/rt: Do not pull from current CPU if only one CPU to pull

In reply to Steven Rostedt
sched/rt: Do not pull from current CPU if only one CPU to pull
Commit-ID:  f73c52a5bcd1710994e53fbccc378c42b97a06b6
Gitweb:     https://git.kernel.org/tip/f73c52a5bcd1710994e53fbccc378c42b97a06b6
Author:     Steven Rostedt <[email protected]>
AuthorDate: Sat, 2 Dec 2017 13:04:54 -0500
Committer:  Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
CommitDate: Fri, 15 Dec 2017 16:28:02 +0100

sched/rt: Do not pull from current CPU if only one CPU to pull

Daniel Wagner reported a crash on the BeagleBone Black SoC.

This is a single CPU architecture, and does not have a functional arch_send_call_function_single_ipi() implementation which can crash the kernel if that is called.

As it only has one CPU, it shouldn't be called, but if the kernel is compiled for SMP, the push/pull RT scheduling logic now calls it for irq_work if the one CPU is overloaded, it can use that function to call itself and crash the kernel.

Ideally, we should disable the SCHED_FEAT(RT_PUSH_IPI) if the system only has a single CPU. But SCHED_FEAT is a constant if sched debugging is turned off. Another fix can also be used, and this should also help with normal SMP machines. That is, do not initiate the pull code if there's only one RT overloaded CPU, and that CPU happens to be the current CPU that is scheduling in a lower priority task.

Even on a system with many CPUs, if there's many RT tasks waiting to run on a single CPU, and that CPU schedules in another RT task of lower priority, it will initiate the PULL logic in case there's a higher priority RT task on another CPU that is waiting to run. But if there is no other CPU with waiting RT tasks, it will initiate the RT pull logic on itself (as it still has RT tasks waiting to run). This is a wasted effort.

Not only does this help with SMP code where the current CPU is the only one with RT overloaded tasks, it should also solve the issue that Daniel encountered, because it will prevent the PULL logic from executing, as there's only one CPU on the system, and the check added here will cause it to exit the RT pull code.

Cc Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
Cc Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <[email protected]>
Cc Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Cc linux-rt-users <[email protected]>
Fixes 4bdced5c9 ("sched/rt: Simplify the IPI based RT balancing logic")
---
 kernel/sched/rt.c | 8 +++++++-
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
kernel/sched/rt.c +7 -1
index 4056c19..665ace2 100644
@@ -2034,8 +2034,9 @@ static void pull_rt_task(struct rq *this_rq)
 	bool resched = false;
 	struct task_struct *p;
 	struct rq *src_rq;
+	int rt_overload_count = rt_overloaded(this_rq);
 
-	if (likely(!rt_overloaded(this_rq)))
+	if (likely(!rt_overload_count))
 		return;
 
 	/*
@@ -2044,6 +2045,11 @@ static void pull_rt_task(struct rq *this_rq)
 	 */
 	smp_rmb();
 
+	/* If we are the only overloaded CPU do nothing */
+	if (rt_overload_count == 1 &&
+	    cpumask_test_cpu(this_rq->cpu, this_rq->rd->rto_mask))
+		return;
+
 #ifdef HAVE_RT_PUSH_IPI
 	if (sched_feat(RT_PUSH_IPI)) {
 		tell_cpu_to_push(this_rq);