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userfaultfd: write protection support

PATCH Superseded Peter Xu 4 participants 35 messages Jun 20, 2019 – Feb 18, 2020

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v5 of 6 Superseded Latest is v6 →

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Peter Xu

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v5 cover userfaultfd: write protection support

This series implements initial write protection support for userfaultfd. Currently both shmem and hugetlbfs are not supported yet, but only anonymous memory. This is the 4nd version of it.

The latest code can also be found at:

https://github.com/xzpeter/linux/tree/uffd-wp-merged

v5 changelog:
- rebase
- drop two patches:
"userfaultfd: wp: handle COW properly for uffd-wp"
"mm: introduce do_wp_page_cont()"
instead remove the write bit always when resolving uffd-wp page fault in previous patch ("userfaultfd: wp: apply _PAGE_UFFD_WP bit") then COW will be handled correctly in the PF irq handler [Andrea]

v4 changelog:
- add r-bs
- use kernel-doc format for fault_flag_allow_retry_first [Jerome]
- drop "export wp_page_copy", add new patch to split do_wp_page(), use it in change_pte_range() to replace the wp_page_copy(). [Jerome] (I thought about different ways to do this but I still can't find a 100% good way for all... in this version I still used the do_wp_page_cont naming. We can still discuss this and how we should split do_wp_page)
- make sure uffd-wp will also apply to device private entries which HMM uses [Jerome]

v3 changelog:
- take r-bs
- patch 1: fix typo [Jerome]
- patch 2: use brackets where proper around (flags & VM_FAULT_RETRY) (there're three places to change, not four...) [Jerome]
- patch 4: make sure TRIED is applied correctly on all archs, add more comment to explain the new page fault mechanism [Jerome]
- patch 7: in do_swap_page() remove the two lines to remove FAULT_FLAG_WRITE flag [Jerome]
- patch 10: another brackets change like above, and in mfill_atomic_pte return -EINVAL when detected wp_copy==1 upon shared memories [Jerome]
- patch 12: move _PAGE_CHG_MASK change to patch 8 [Jerome]
- patch 14: wp_page_copy() - fix write bit; change_pte_range() - detect PTE change after COW [Jerome]
- patch 17: remove last paragraph of commit message, no need to drop the two lines in do_swap_page() since they've been directly dropped in patch 7; touch up remove_migration_pte() to only detect uffd-wp bit if it's read migration entry [Jerome]
- add patch: "userfaultfd: wp: declare _UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT conditionally", which remove _UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT bit if detected non-anonymous memory during REGISTER; meanwhile fixup the test case for shmem too for expected ioctls returned from REGISTER [Mike]
- add patch: "userfaultfd: wp: fixup swap entries in change_pte_range", the new patch will allow to apply the uffd-wp bits upon swap entries directly (e.g., when the page is during migration or the page was swapped out). Please see the patch for detail information.

v2 changelog:
- add some r-bs
- split the patch "mm: userfault: return VM_FAULT_RETRY on signals" into two: one to focus on the signal behavior change, the other to remove the NOPAGE special path in handle_userfault(). Removing the ARC specific change and remove that part of commit message since it's fixed in 4d447455e73b already [Jerome]
- return -ENOENT when VMA is invalid for UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT to match UFFDIO_COPY errno [Mike]
- add a new patch to introduce helper to find valid VMA for uffd [Mike]
- check against VM_MAYWRITE instead of VM_WRITE when registering UFFD WP [Mike]
- MM_CP_DIRTY_ACCT is used incorrectly, fix it up [Jerome]
- make sure the lock_page behavior will not be changed [Jerome]
- reorder the whole series, introduce the new ioctl last. [Jerome]
- fix up the uffdio_writeprotect() following commit df2cc96e77011cf79 to return -EAGAIN when detected mm layout changes [Mike]

v1 can be found at: https://lkml.org/lkml/2019/1/21/130

Any comment would be greatly welcomed. Thanks.

Overview
====================

The uffd-wp work was initialized by Shaohua Li [1], and later continued by Andrea [2]. This series is based upon Andrea's latest userfaultfd tree, and it is a continuous works from both Shaohua and Andrea. Many of the follow up ideas come from Andrea too.

Besides the old MISSING register mode of userfaultfd, the new uffd-wp support provides another alternative register mode called UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP that can be used to listen to not only missing page faults but also write protection page faults, or even they can be registered together. At the same time, the new feature also provides a new userfaultfd ioctl called UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT which allows the userspace to write protect a range or memory or fixup write permission of faulted pages.

Please refer to the document patch "userfaultfd: wp:
UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP documentation update" for more information on the new interface and what it can do.

The major workflow of an uffd-wp program should be:

1. Register a memory region with WP mode using UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP

2. Write protect part of the whole registered region using UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT, passing in UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_WP to show that we want to write protect the range.

3. Start a working thread that modifies the protected pages, meanwhile listening to UFFD messages.

4. When a write is detected upon the protected range, page fault happens, a UFFD message will be generated and reported to the page fault handling thread

5. The page fault handler thread resolves the page fault using the new UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT ioctl, but this time passing in !UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_WP instead showing that we want to recover the write permission. Before this operation, the fault handler thread can do anything it wants, e.g., dumps the page to a persistent storage.

6. The worker thread will continue running with the correctly applied write permission from step 5.

Currently there are already two projects that are based on this new userfaultfd feature.

QEMU Live Snapshot: The project provides a way to allow the QEMU
hypervisor to take snapshot of VMs without stopping the VM [3].

LLNL umap library: The project provides a mmap-like interface and
"allow to have an application specific buffer of pages cached from a large file, i.e. out-of-core execution using memory map" [4][5].

Before posting the patchset, this series was smoke tested against QEMU live snapshot and the LLNL umap library (by doing parallel quicksort using 128 sorting threads + 80 uffd servicing threads). My sincere thanks to Marty Mcfadden and Denis Plotnikov for the help along the way.

TODO
=============

- hugetlbfs/shmem support
- performance
- more architectures
- cooperate with mprotect()-allowed processes (???)
- ...

References
==========

[1] https://lwn.net/Articles/666187/
[2] https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/andrea/aa.git/log/?h=userfault
[3] https://github.com/denis-plotnikov/qemu/commits/background-snapshot-kvm
[4] https://github.com/LLNL/umap
[5] https://llnl-umap.readthedocs.io/en/develop/
[6] https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/andrea/aa.git/commit/?h=userfault&id=b245ecf6cf59156966f3da6e6b674f6695a5ffa5
[7] https://lkml.org/lkml/2018/11/21/370
[8] https://lkml.org/lkml/2018/12/30/64

Andrea Arcangeli (5):
userfaultfd: wp: hook userfault handler to write protection fault
userfaultfd: wp: add WP pagetable tracking to x86
userfaultfd: wp: userfaultfd_pte/huge_pmd_wp() helpers
userfaultfd: wp: add UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_WP
userfaultfd: wp: add the writeprotect API to userfaultfd ioctl

Martin Cracauer (1):
userfaultfd: wp: UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP documentation update

Peter Xu (16):
mm: gup: rename "nonblocking" to "locked" where proper
mm: userfault: return VM_FAULT_RETRY on signals
userfaultfd: don't retake mmap_sem to emulate NOPAGE
mm: allow VM_FAULT_RETRY for multiple times
mm: gup: allow VM_FAULT_RETRY for multiple times
mm: merge parameters for change_protection()
userfaultfd: wp: apply _PAGE_UFFD_WP bit
userfaultfd: wp: drop _PAGE_UFFD_WP properly when fork
userfaultfd: wp: add pmd_swp_*uffd_wp() helpers
userfaultfd: wp: support swap and page migration
khugepaged: skip collapse if uffd-wp detected
userfaultfd: introduce helper vma_find_uffd
userfaultfd: wp: don't wake up when doing write protect
userfaultfd: wp: declare _UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT conditionally
userfaultfd: selftests: refactor statistics
userfaultfd: selftests: add write-protect test

Shaohua Li (3):
userfaultfd: wp: add helper for writeprotect check
userfaultfd: wp: support write protection for userfault vma range
userfaultfd: wp: enabled write protection in userfaultfd API

 Documentation/admin-guide/mm/userfaultfd.rst |  51 +++++
 arch/alpha/mm/fault.c                        |   4 +-
 arch/arc/mm/fault.c                          |  12 +-
 arch/arm/mm/fault.c                          |   9 +-
 arch/arm64/mm/fault.c                        |  11 +-
 arch/hexagon/mm/vm_fault.c                   |   3 +-
 arch/ia64/mm/fault.c                         |   3 +-
 arch/m68k/mm/fault.c                         |   5 +-
 arch/microblaze/mm/fault.c                   |   3 +-
 arch/mips/mm/fault.c                         |   3 +-
 arch/nds32/mm/fault.c                        |   7 +-
 arch/nios2/mm/fault.c                        |   5 +-
 arch/openrisc/mm/fault.c                     |   3 +-
 arch/parisc/mm/fault.c                       |   6 +-
 arch/powerpc/mm/fault.c                      |   8 +-
 arch/riscv/mm/fault.c                        |   9 +-
 arch/s390/mm/fault.c                         |  14 +-
 arch/sh/mm/fault.c                           |   5 +-
 arch/sparc/mm/fault_32.c                     |   4 +-
 arch/sparc/mm/fault_64.c                     |   4 +-
 arch/um/kernel/trap.c                        |   6 +-
 arch/unicore32/mm/fault.c                    |   8 +-
 arch/x86/Kconfig                             |   1 +
 arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable.h               |  67 ++++++
 arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable_64.h            |   8 +-
 arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable_types.h         |  11 +-
 arch/x86/mm/fault.c                          |   8 +-
 arch/xtensa/mm/fault.c                       |   4 +-
 drivers/gpu/drm/ttm/ttm_bo_vm.c              |  12 +-
 fs/userfaultfd.c                             | 130 +++++++----
 include/asm-generic/pgtable.h                |   1 +
 include/asm-generic/pgtable_uffd.h           |  66 ++++++
 include/linux/huge_mm.h                      |   2 +-
 include/linux/mm.h                           |  60 ++++-
 include/linux/swapops.h                      |   2 +
 include/linux/userfaultfd_k.h                |  42 +++-
 include/trace/events/huge_memory.h           |   1 +
 include/uapi/linux/userfaultfd.h             |  40 +++-
 init/Kconfig                                 |   5 +
 mm/filemap.c                                 |   2 +-
 mm/gup.c                                     |  61 ++---
 mm/huge_memory.c                             |  32 ++-
 mm/hugetlb.c                                 |  14 +-
 mm/khugepaged.c                              |  23 ++
 mm/memory.c                                  |  26 ++-
 mm/mempolicy.c                               |   2 +-
 mm/migrate.c                                 |   6 +
 mm/mprotect.c                                |  74 ++++--
 mm/rmap.c                                    |   6 +
 mm/shmem.c                                   |   2 +-
 mm/userfaultfd.c                             | 148 +++++++++---
 tools/testing/selftests/vm/userfaultfd.c     | 225 +++++++++++++++----
 52 files changed, 974 insertions(+), 290 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 include/asm-generic/pgtable_uffd.h
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
author reviewer
#1 lore raw

PATCH v5 1/25 mm: gup: rename "nonblocking" to "locked" where proper

There's plenty of places around __get_user_pages() that has a parameter "nonblocking" which does not really mean that "it won't block" (because it can really block) but instead it shows whether the mmap_sem is released by up_read() during the page fault handling mostly when VM_FAULT_RETRY is returned.

We have the correct naming in e.g. get_user_pages_locked() or get_user_pages_remote() as "locked", however there're still many places that are using the "nonblocking" as name.

Renaming the places to "locked" where proper to better suite the functionality of the variable. While at it, fixing up some of the comments accordingly.

---
 mm/gup.c     | 44 +++++++++++++++++++++-----------------------
 mm/hugetlb.c |  8 ++++----
 2 files changed, 25 insertions(+), 27 deletions(-)
mm/gup.c +21 -23
index ddde097cf9e4..58d282115d9b 100644
@@ -625,12 +625,12 @@ static int get_gate_page(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long address,
 }
 
 /*
- * mmap_sem must be held on entry.  If @nonblocking != NULL and
- * *@flags does not include FOLL_NOWAIT, the mmap_sem may be released.
- * If it is, *@nonblocking will be set to 0 and -EBUSY returned.
+ * mmap_sem must be held on entry.  If @locked != NULL and *@flags
+ * does not include FOLL_NOWAIT, the mmap_sem may be released.  If it
+ * is, *@locked will be set to 0 and -EBUSY returned.
  */
 static int faultin_page(struct task_struct *tsk, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
-		unsigned long address, unsigned int *flags, int *nonblocking)
+		unsigned long address, unsigned int *flags, int *locked)
 {
 	unsigned int fault_flags = 0;
 	vm_fault_t ret;
@@ -642,7 +642,7 @@ static int faultin_page(struct task_struct *tsk, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 		fault_flags |= FAULT_FLAG_WRITE;
 	if (*flags & FOLL_REMOTE)
 		fault_flags |= FAULT_FLAG_REMOTE;
-	if (nonblocking)
+	if (locked)
 		fault_flags |= FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
 	if (*flags & FOLL_NOWAIT)
 		fault_flags |= FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY | FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT;
@@ -668,8 +668,8 @@ static int faultin_page(struct task_struct *tsk, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 	}
 
 	if (ret & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
-		if (nonblocking && !(fault_flags & FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT))
-			*nonblocking = 0;
+		if (locked && !(fault_flags & FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT))
+			*locked = 0;
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
 
@@ -746,7 +746,7 @@ static int check_vma_flags(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long gup_flags)
  *		only intends to ensure the pages are faulted in.
  * @vmas:	array of pointers to vmas corresponding to each page.
  *		Or NULL if the caller does not require them.
- * @nonblocking: whether waiting for disk IO or mmap_sem contention
+ * @locked:     whether we're still with the mmap_sem held
  *
  * Returns number of pages pinned. This may be fewer than the number
  * requested. If nr_pages is 0 or negative, returns 0. If no pages
@@ -775,13 +775,11 @@ static int check_vma_flags(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long gup_flags)
  * appropriate) must be called after the page is finished with, and
  * before put_page is called.
  *
- * If @nonblocking != NULL, __get_user_pages will not wait for disk IO
- * or mmap_sem contention, and if waiting is needed to pin all pages,
- * *@nonblocking will be set to 0.  Further, if @gup_flags does not
- * include FOLL_NOWAIT, the mmap_sem will be released via up_read() in
- * this case.
+ * If @locked != NULL, *@locked will be set to 0 when mmap_sem is
+ * released by an up_read().  That can happen if @gup_flags does not
+ * have FOLL_NOWAIT.
  *
- * A caller using such a combination of @nonblocking and @gup_flags
+ * A caller using such a combination of @locked and @gup_flags
  * must therefore hold the mmap_sem for reading only, and recognize
  * when it's been released.  Otherwise, it must be held for either
  * reading or writing and will not be released.
@@ -793,7 +791,7 @@ static int check_vma_flags(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long gup_flags)
 static long __get_user_pages(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm,
 		unsigned long start, unsigned long nr_pages,
 		unsigned int gup_flags, struct page **pages,
-		struct vm_area_struct **vmas, int *nonblocking)
+		struct vm_area_struct **vmas, int *locked)
 {
 	long ret = 0, i = 0;
 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = NULL;
@@ -837,7 +835,7 @@ static long __get_user_pages(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm,
 			if (is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma)) {
 				i = follow_hugetlb_page(mm, vma, pages, vmas,
 						&start, &nr_pages, i,
-						gup_flags, nonblocking);
+						gup_flags, locked);
 				continue;
 			}
 		}
@@ -855,7 +853,7 @@ static long __get_user_pages(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm,
 		page = follow_page_mask(vma, start, foll_flags, &ctx);
 		if (!page) {
 			ret = faultin_page(tsk, vma, start, &foll_flags,
-					nonblocking);
+					   locked);
 			switch (ret) {
 			case 0:
 				goto retry;
@@ -1508,7 +1506,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_user_pages);
  * @vma:   target vma
  * @start: start address
  * @end:   end address
- * @nonblocking:
+ * @locked: whether the mmap_sem is still held
  *
  * This takes care of mlocking the pages too if VM_LOCKED is set.
  *
@@ -1516,14 +1514,14 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_user_pages);
  *
  * vma->vm_mm->mmap_sem must be held.
  *
- * If @nonblocking is NULL, it may be held for read or write and will
+ * If @locked is NULL, it may be held for read or write and will
  * be unperturbed.
  *
- * If @nonblocking is non-NULL, it must held for read only and may be
- * released.  If it's released, *@nonblocking will be set to 0.
+ * If @locked is non-NULL, it must held for read only and may be
+ * released.  If it's released, *@locked will be set to 0.
  */
 long populate_vma_page_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
-		unsigned long start, unsigned long end, int *nonblocking)
+		unsigned long start, unsigned long end, int *locked)
 {
 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
 	unsigned long nr_pages = (end - start) / PAGE_SIZE;
@@ -1558,7 +1556,7 @@ long populate_vma_page_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 	 * not result in a stack expansion that recurses back here.
 	 */
 	return __get_user_pages(current, mm, start, nr_pages, gup_flags,
-				NULL, NULL, nonblocking);
+				NULL, NULL, locked);
 }
 
 /*
mm/hugetlb.c +4 -4
index ac843d32b019..ba179c2fa8fb 100644
@@ -4240,7 +4240,7 @@ int hugetlb_mcopy_atomic_pte(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 long follow_hugetlb_page(struct mm_struct *mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 			 struct page **pages, struct vm_area_struct **vmas,
 			 unsigned long *position, unsigned long *nr_pages,
-			 long i, unsigned int flags, int *nonblocking)
+			 long i, unsigned int flags, int *locked)
 {
 	unsigned long pfn_offset;
 	unsigned long vaddr = *position;
@@ -4311,7 +4311,7 @@ long follow_hugetlb_page(struct mm_struct *mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 				spin_unlock(ptl);
 			if (flags & FOLL_WRITE)
 				fault_flags |= FAULT_FLAG_WRITE;
-			if (nonblocking)
+			if (locked)
 				fault_flags |= FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
 			if (flags & FOLL_NOWAIT)
 				fault_flags |= FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY |
@@ -4328,9 +4328,9 @@ long follow_hugetlb_page(struct mm_struct *mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 				break;
 			}
 			if (ret & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
-				if (nonblocking &&
+				if (locked &&
 				    !(fault_flags & FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT))
-					*nonblocking = 0;
+					*locked = 0;
 				*nr_pages = 0;
 				/*
 				 * VM_FAULT_RETRY must not return an
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
author reviewer
#2 lore raw

PATCH v5 2/25 mm: userfault: return VM_FAULT_RETRY on signals

In reply to Peter Xu

The idea comes from the upstream discussion between Linus and Andrea:

https://lkml.org/lkml/2017/10/30/560

A summary to the issue: there was a special path in handle_userfault() in the past that we'll return a VM_FAULT_NOPAGE when we detected non-fatal signals when waiting for userfault handling. We did that by reacquiring the mmap_sem before returning. However that brings a risk in that the vmas might have changed when we retake the mmap_sem and even we could be holding an invalid vma structure.

This patch removes the special path and we'll return a VM_FAULT_RETRY with the common path even if we have got such signals. Then for all the architectures that is passing in VM_FAULT_ALLOW_RETRY into handle_mm_fault(), we check not only for SIGKILL but for all the rest of userspace pending signals right after we returned from handle_mm_fault(). This can allow the userspace to handle nonfatal signals faster than before.

This patch is a preparation work for the next patch to finally remove the special code path mentioned above in handle_userfault().

---
 arch/alpha/mm/fault.c      |  2 +-
 arch/arc/mm/fault.c        | 11 ++++-------
 arch/arm/mm/fault.c        |  6 +++---
 arch/arm64/mm/fault.c      |  6 +++---
 arch/hexagon/mm/vm_fault.c |  2 +-
 arch/ia64/mm/fault.c       |  2 +-
 arch/m68k/mm/fault.c       |  2 +-
 arch/microblaze/mm/fault.c |  2 +-
 arch/mips/mm/fault.c       |  2 +-
 arch/nds32/mm/fault.c      |  6 +++---
 arch/nios2/mm/fault.c      |  2 +-
 arch/openrisc/mm/fault.c   |  2 +-
 arch/parisc/mm/fault.c     |  2 +-
 arch/powerpc/mm/fault.c    |  2 ++
 arch/riscv/mm/fault.c      |  4 ++--
 arch/s390/mm/fault.c       |  9 ++++++---
 arch/sh/mm/fault.c         |  4 ++++
 arch/sparc/mm/fault_32.c   |  3 +++
 arch/sparc/mm/fault_64.c   |  3 +++
 arch/um/kernel/trap.c      |  5 ++++-
 arch/unicore32/mm/fault.c  |  4 ++--
 arch/x86/mm/fault.c        |  6 +++++-
 arch/xtensa/mm/fault.c     |  3 +++
 23 files changed, 56 insertions(+), 34 deletions(-)
arch/alpha/mm/fault.c +1 -1
index 188fc9256baf..8a2ef90b4bfc 100644
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ do_page_fault(unsigned long address, unsigned long mmcsr,
 	   the fault.  */
 	fault = handle_mm_fault(vma, address, flags);
 
-	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && fatal_signal_pending(current))
+	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && signal_pending(current))
 		return;
 
 	if (unlikely(fault & VM_FAULT_ERROR)) {
arch/arc/mm/fault.c +4 -7
index 6836095251ed..3517820aea07 100644
@@ -139,17 +139,14 @@ void do_page_fault(unsigned long address, struct pt_regs *regs)
 	 */
 	fault = handle_mm_fault(vma, address, flags);
 
-	if (fatal_signal_pending(current)) {
-
+	if (unlikely((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && signal_pending(current))) {
+		if (fatal_signal_pending(current) && !user_mode(regs))
+			goto no_context;
 		/*
 		 * if fault retry, mmap_sem already relinquished by core mm
 		 * so OK to return to user mode (with signal handled first)
 		 */
-		if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
-			if (!user_mode(regs))
-				goto no_context;
-			return;
-		}
+		return;
 	}
 
 	perf_sw_event(PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS, 1, regs, address);
arch/arm/mm/fault.c +3 -3
index 58f69fa07df9..c41c021bbe40 100644
@@ -314,12 +314,12 @@ do_page_fault(unsigned long addr, unsigned int fsr, struct pt_regs *regs)
 
 	fault = __do_page_fault(mm, addr, fsr, flags, tsk);
 
-	/* If we need to retry but a fatal signal is pending, handle the
+	/* If we need to retry but a signal is pending, handle the
 	 * signal first. We do not need to release the mmap_sem because
 	 * it would already be released in __lock_page_or_retry in
 	 * mm/filemap.c. */
-	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && fatal_signal_pending(current)) {
-		if (!user_mode(regs))
+	if (unlikely(fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY && signal_pending(current))) {
+		if (fatal_signal_pending(current) && !user_mode(regs))
 			goto no_context;
 		return 0;
 	}
arch/arm64/mm/fault.c +3 -3
index a30818ed9c60..890ec3a693e6 100644
@@ -513,13 +513,13 @@ static int __kprobes do_page_fault(unsigned long addr, unsigned int esr,
 
 	if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
 		/*
-		 * If we need to retry but a fatal signal is pending,
+		 * If we need to retry but a signal is pending,
 		 * handle the signal first. We do not need to release
 		 * the mmap_sem because it would already be released
 		 * in __lock_page_or_retry in mm/filemap.c.
 		 */
-		if (fatal_signal_pending(current)) {
-			if (!user_mode(regs))
+		if (signal_pending(current)) {
+			if (fatal_signal_pending(current) && !user_mode(regs))
 				goto no_context;
 			return 0;
 		}
arch/hexagon/mm/vm_fault.c +1 -1
index b7a99aa5b0ba..febb4f96ba6f 100644
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ void do_page_fault(unsigned long address, long cause, struct pt_regs *regs)
 
 	fault = handle_mm_fault(vma, address, flags);
 
-	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && fatal_signal_pending(current))
+	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && signal_pending(current))
 		return;
 
 	/* The most common case -- we are done. */
arch/ia64/mm/fault.c +1 -1
index 5baeb022f474..62c2d39d2bed 100644
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ ia64_do_page_fault (unsigned long address, unsigned long isr, struct pt_regs *re
 	 */
 	fault = handle_mm_fault(vma, address, flags);
 
-	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && fatal_signal_pending(current))
+	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && signal_pending(current))
 		return;
 
 	if (unlikely(fault & VM_FAULT_ERROR)) {
arch/m68k/mm/fault.c +1 -1
index 9b6163c05a75..d9808a807ab8 100644
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ int do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long address,
 	fault = handle_mm_fault(vma, address, flags);
 	pr_debug("handle_mm_fault returns %x\n", fault);
 
-	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && fatal_signal_pending(current))
+	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && signal_pending(current))
 		return 0;
 
 	if (unlikely(fault & VM_FAULT_ERROR)) {
arch/microblaze/mm/fault.c +1 -1
index 202ad6a494f5..4fd2dbd0c5ca 100644
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ void do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long address,
 	 */
 	fault = handle_mm_fault(vma, address, flags);
 
-	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && fatal_signal_pending(current))
+	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && signal_pending(current))
 		return;
 
 	if (unlikely(fault & VM_FAULT_ERROR)) {
arch/mips/mm/fault.c +1 -1
index 73d8a0f0b810..92374fd091d2 100644
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ static void __kprobes __do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long write,
 	 */
 	fault = handle_mm_fault(vma, address, flags);
 
-	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && fatal_signal_pending(current))
+	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && signal_pending(current))
 		return;
 
 	perf_sw_event(PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS, 1, regs, address);
arch/nds32/mm/fault.c +3 -3
index 68d5f2a27f38..da777de8a62e 100644
@@ -206,12 +206,12 @@ void do_page_fault(unsigned long entry, unsigned long addr,
 	fault = handle_mm_fault(vma, addr, flags);
 
 	/*
-	 * If we need to retry but a fatal signal is pending, handle the
+	 * If we need to retry but a signal is pending, handle the
 	 * signal first. We do not need to release the mmap_sem because it
 	 * would already be released in __lock_page_or_retry in mm/filemap.c.
 	 */
-	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && fatal_signal_pending(current)) {
-		if (!user_mode(regs))
+	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && signal_pending(current)) {
+		if (fatal_signal_pending(current) && !user_mode(regs))
 			goto no_context;
 		return;
 	}
arch/nios2/mm/fault.c +1 -1
index 6a2e716b959f..bdb1f9db75ba 100644
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ asmlinkage void do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long cause,
 	 */
 	fault = handle_mm_fault(vma, address, flags);
 
-	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && fatal_signal_pending(current))
+	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && signal_pending(current))
 		return;
 
 	if (unlikely(fault & VM_FAULT_ERROR)) {
arch/openrisc/mm/fault.c +1 -1
index 9eee5bf3db27..f9f47dc32f94 100644
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ asmlinkage void do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long address,
 
 	fault = handle_mm_fault(vma, address, flags);
 
-	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && fatal_signal_pending(current))
+	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && signal_pending(current))
 		return;
 
 	if (unlikely(fault & VM_FAULT_ERROR)) {
arch/parisc/mm/fault.c +1 -1
index c8e8b7c05558..29422eec329d 100644
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ void do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long code,
 
 	fault = handle_mm_fault(vma, address, flags);
 
-	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && fatal_signal_pending(current))
+	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && signal_pending(current))
 		return;
 
 	if (unlikely(fault & VM_FAULT_ERROR)) {
arch/powerpc/mm/fault.c +2 -0
index ec6b7ad70659..c2168b298c82 100644
@@ -616,6 +616,8 @@ static int __do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long address,
 			 */
 			flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
 			flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
+			if (is_user && signal_pending(current))
+				return 0;
 			if (!fatal_signal_pending(current))
 				goto retry;
 		}
arch/riscv/mm/fault.c +2 -2
index 3e2708c626a8..4aa7a2343353 100644
@@ -111,11 +111,11 @@ asmlinkage void do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs)
 	fault = handle_mm_fault(vma, addr, flags);
 
 	/*
-	 * If we need to retry but a fatal signal is pending, handle the
+	 * If we need to retry but a signal is pending, handle the
 	 * signal first. We do not need to release the mmap_sem because it
 	 * would already be released in __lock_page_or_retry in mm/filemap.c.
 	 */
-	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && fatal_signal_pending(tsk))
+	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && signal_pending(tsk))
 		return;
 
 	if (unlikely(fault & VM_FAULT_ERROR)) {
arch/s390/mm/fault.c +6 -3
index df75d574246d..94087ba285be 100644
@@ -493,9 +493,12 @@ static inline vm_fault_t do_exception(struct pt_regs *regs, int access)
 	 * the fault.
 	 */
 	fault = handle_mm_fault(vma, address, flags);
-	/* No reason to continue if interrupted by SIGKILL. */
-	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && fatal_signal_pending(current)) {
-		fault = VM_FAULT_SIGNAL;
+	/* Do not continue if interrupted by signals. */
+	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && signal_pending(current)) {
+		if (fatal_signal_pending(current))
+			fault = VM_FAULT_SIGNAL;
+		else
+			fault = 0;
 		if (flags & FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT)
 			goto out_up;
 		goto out;
arch/sh/mm/fault.c +4 -0
index 6defd2c6d9b1..baf5d73df40c 100644
@@ -506,6 +506,10 @@ asmlinkage void __kprobes do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs,
 			 * have already released it in __lock_page_or_retry
 			 * in mm/filemap.c.
 			 */
+
+			if (user_mode(regs) && signal_pending(tsk))
+				return;
+
 			goto retry;
 		}
 	}
arch/sparc/mm/fault_32.c +3 -0
index b0440b0edd97..a2c83104fe35 100644
@@ -269,6 +269,9 @@ asmlinkage void do_sparc_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, int text_fault, int write,
 			 * in mm/filemap.c.
 			 */
 
+			if (user_mode(regs) && signal_pending(tsk))
+				return;
+
 			goto retry;
 		}
 	}
arch/sparc/mm/fault_64.c +3 -0
index 8f8a604c1300..cad71ec5c7b3 100644
@@ -467,6 +467,9 @@ asmlinkage void __kprobes do_sparc64_fault(struct pt_regs *regs)
 			 * in mm/filemap.c.
 			 */
 
+			if (user_mode(regs) && signal_pending(current))
+				return;
+
 			goto retry;
 		}
 	}
arch/um/kernel/trap.c +4 -1
index 0e8b6158f224..05dcd4c5f0d5 100644
@@ -76,8 +76,11 @@ int handle_page_fault(unsigned long address, unsigned long ip,
 
 		fault = handle_mm_fault(vma, address, flags);
 
-		if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && fatal_signal_pending(current))
+		if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && signal_pending(current)) {
+			if (is_user && !fatal_signal_pending(current))
+				err = 0;
 			goto out_nosemaphore;
+		}
 
 		if (unlikely(fault & VM_FAULT_ERROR)) {
 			if (fault & VM_FAULT_OOM) {
arch/unicore32/mm/fault.c +2 -2
index b9a3a50644c1..3611f19234a1 100644
@@ -248,11 +248,11 @@ static int do_pf(unsigned long addr, unsigned int fsr, struct pt_regs *regs)
 
 	fault = __do_pf(mm, addr, fsr, flags, tsk);
 
-	/* If we need to retry but a fatal signal is pending, handle the
+	/* If we need to retry but a signal is pending, handle the
 	 * signal first. We do not need to release the mmap_sem because
 	 * it would already be released in __lock_page_or_retry in
 	 * mm/filemap.c. */
-	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && fatal_signal_pending(current))
+	if ((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && signal_pending(current))
 		return 0;
 
 	if (!(fault & VM_FAULT_ERROR) && (flags & FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY)) {
arch/x86/mm/fault.c +5 -1
index 46df4c6aae46..dcd7c1393be3 100644
@@ -1463,16 +1463,20 @@ void do_user_addr_fault(struct pt_regs *regs,
 	 * that we made any progress. Handle this case first.
 	 */
 	if (unlikely(fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY)) {
+		bool is_user = flags & FAULT_FLAG_USER;
+
 		/* Retry at most once */
 		if (flags & FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY) {
 			flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
 			flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
+			if (is_user && signal_pending(tsk))
+				return;
 			if (!fatal_signal_pending(tsk))
 				goto retry;
 		}
 
 		/* User mode? Just return to handle the fatal exception */
-		if (flags & FAULT_FLAG_USER)
+		if (is_user)
 			return;
 
 		/* Not returning to user mode? Handle exceptions or die: */
arch/xtensa/mm/fault.c +3 -0
index 2ab0e0dcd166..792dad5e2f12 100644
@@ -136,6 +136,9 @@ void do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs)
 			 * in mm/filemap.c.
 			 */
 
+			if (user_mode(regs) && signal_pending(current))
+				return;
+
 			goto retry;
 		}
 	}
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
#3 lore raw

Re: [PATCH v5 02/25] mm: userfault: return VM_FAULT_RETRY on signals

So I still think this all *may* ok, but at a minimum some of the comments are misleading, and we need more docs on what happens with normal signals.

I'm picking on just the first one I noticed, but I think there were other architectures with this too:

Quoted 15 lines · Peter Xu
arch/arc/mm/fault.c +3 -2
index 6836095251ed..3517820aea07 100644
@@ -139,17 +139,14 @@ void do_page_fault(unsigned long address, struct pt_regs *regs)
         */
        fault = handle_mm_fault(vma, address, flags);
 
-       if (fatal_signal_pending(current)) {
-
+       if (unlikely((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && signal_pending(current))) {
+               if (fatal_signal_pending(current) && !user_mode(regs))
+                       goto no_context;
                /*

arch/arc/mm/fault.c void do_page_fault(unsigned long address, struct pt_regs *regs) · line 150

Quoted 10 lines
arch/arc/mm/fault.c +1 -5
                 * if fault retry, mmap_sem already relinquished by core mm
                 * so OK to return to user mode (with signal handled first)
                 */
-               if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
-                       if (!user_mode(regs))
-                               goto no_context;
-                       return;
-               }
+               return;
        }

So note how the end result of this is:

(a) if a fatal signal is pending, and we're returning to kernel mode,
we do the exception handling

(b) otherwise, if *any* signal is pending, we'll just return and
retry the page fault

I have nothing against (a), and (b) is likely also ok, but it's worth noting that (b) happens for kernel returns too. But the comment talks about returning to user mode.

Is it ok to return to kernel mode when signals are pending? The signal won't be handled, and we'll just retry the access.

Will we possibly keep retrying forever? When we take the fault again, we'll set the FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY again, so any fault handler that says "if it allows retry, and signals are pending, just return" would keep never making any progress, and we'd be stuck taking page faults in kernel mode forever.

So I think the x86 code sequence is the much safer and more correct one, because it will actually retry once, and set FAULT_FLAG_TRIED (and it will clear the "FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY" flag - but you'll remove that clearing later in the series).

Quoted 16 lines
arch/x86/mm/fault.c +4 -0
index 46df4c6aae46..dcd7c1393be3 100644
@@ -1463,16 +1463,20 @@ void do_user_addr_fault(struct pt_regs *regs,
         * that we made any progress. Handle this case first.
         */
        if (unlikely(fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY)) {
+               bool is_user = flags & FAULT_FLAG_USER;
+
                /* Retry at most once */
                if (flags & FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY) {
                        flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
                        flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
+                       if (is_user && signal_pending(tsk))
+                               return;

arch/x86/mm/fault.c void do_user_addr_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, · line 1482

Quoted 10 lines
arch/x86/mm/fault.c +1 -1
                        if (!fatal_signal_pending(tsk))
                                goto retry;
                }
 
                /* User mode? Just return to handle the fatal exception */
-               if (flags & FAULT_FLAG_USER)
+               if (is_user)
                        return;
 
                /* Not returning to user mode? Handle exceptions or die: */

However, I think the real issue is that it just needs documentation that a fault handler must not react to signal_pending() as part of the fault handling itself (ie the VM_FAULT_RETRY can not be *because* of a non-fatal signal), and there needs to be some guarantee of forward progress.

At that point the "infinite page faults in kernel mode due to pending signals" issue goes away. But it's not obvious in this patch, at least.

Linus

author reviewer
#4 lore raw

Re: [PATCH v5 02/25] mm: userfault: return VM_FAULT_RETRY on signals

Quoted 39 lines · Linus Torvalds

So I still think this all *may* ok, but at a minimum some of the comments are misleading, and we need more docs on what happens with normal signals.

I'm picking on just the first one I noticed, but I think there were other architectures with this too:

Quoted 15 lines · Peter Xu
arch/arc/mm/fault.c +3 -2
index 6836095251ed..3517820aea07 100644
@@ -139,17 +139,14 @@ void do_page_fault(unsigned long address, struct pt_regs *regs)
         */
        fault = handle_mm_fault(vma, address, flags);
 
-       if (fatal_signal_pending(current)) {
-
+       if (unlikely((fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) && signal_pending(current))) {
+               if (fatal_signal_pending(current) && !user_mode(regs))
+                       goto no_context;
                /*

arch/arc/mm/fault.c void do_page_fault(unsigned long address, struct pt_regs *regs) · line 150

Quoted 10 lines
arch/arc/mm/fault.c +1 -5
                 * if fault retry, mmap_sem already relinquished by core mm
                 * so OK to return to user mode (with signal handled first)
                 */
-               if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
-                       if (!user_mode(regs))
-                               goto no_context;
-                       return;
-               }
+               return;
        }

So note how the end result of this is:

(a) if a fatal signal is pending, and we're returning to kernel mode,
we do the exception handling

Quoted 6 lines

(b) otherwise, if *any* signal is pending, we'll just return and
retry the page fault

I have nothing against (a), and (b) is likely also ok, but it's worth noting that (b) happens for kernel returns too. But the comment talks about returning to user mode.

True. So even with the content of this patch, I should at least touch up the comment but I obviously missed that. Though when reading through the reply I think it's the patch content that might need a fixup rather than the comment...

Quoted 10 lines

Is it ok to return to kernel mode when signals are pending? The signal won't be handled, and we'll just retry the access.

Will we possibly keep retrying forever? When we take the fault again, we'll set the FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY again, so any fault handler that says "if it allows retry, and signals are pending, just return" would keep never making any progress, and we'd be stuck taking page faults in kernel mode forever.

Quoted 4 lines

So I think the x86 code sequence is the much safer and more correct one, because it will actually retry once, and set FAULT_FLAG_TRIED (and it will clear the "FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY" flag - but you'll remove that clearing later in the series).

Indeed at least the ARC code has more functional change than what has been stated in the commit message (which is only about faster signal handling). I wasn't paying much attention before because I don't see "multiple retries" a big problem here and after all that's what we finally want to achieve with the follow up patches... But I agree that maybe I should be even more explicit in this patch. Do you think below change (to be squashed into this patch) looks good to you? That's also an example only with ARC architecture but I can do similar things to the other archs if you prefer:

/*
* if fault retry, mmap_sem already relinquished by core mm
* so OK to return to user mode (with signal handled first) */
- return;
+ if (user_mode(regs))
+ return;

Quoted 26 lines
Quoted 26 lines
arch/x86/mm/fault.c +5 -1
index 46df4c6aae46..dcd7c1393be3 100644
@@ -1463,16 +1463,20 @@ void do_user_addr_fault(struct pt_regs *regs,
         * that we made any progress. Handle this case first.
         */
        if (unlikely(fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY)) {
+               bool is_user = flags & FAULT_FLAG_USER;
+
                /* Retry at most once */
                if (flags & FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY) {
                        flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
                        flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
+                       if (is_user && signal_pending(tsk))
+                               return;
                        if (!fatal_signal_pending(tsk))
                                goto retry;
                }
 
                /* User mode? Just return to handle the fatal exception */
-               if (flags & FAULT_FLAG_USER)
+               if (is_user)
                        return;
 
Quoted 7 lines

arch/x86/mm/fault.c void do_user_addr_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, · line 1482

Quoted 1 line
arch/x86/mm/fault.c +0 -0
                /* Not returning to user mode? Handle exceptions or die: */

However, I think the real issue is that it just needs documentation that a fault handler must not react to signal_pending() as part of the fault handling itself (ie the VM_FAULT_RETRY can not be *because* of a non-fatal signal), and there needs to be some guarantee of forward progress.

Should we still be able to react on signal_pending() as part of fault handling (because that's what this patch wants to do, at least for an user-mode page fault)? Please kindly correct me if I misunderstood...

Quoted 4 lines

At that point the "infinite page faults in kernel mode due to pending signals" issue goes away. But it's not obvious in this patch, at least.

Thanks,

Signature · 1 line
Peter Xu
#5 lore raw

Re: [PATCH v5 02/25] mm: userfault: return VM_FAULT_RETRY on signals

Quoted 4 lines · Peter Xu

Should we still be able to react on signal_pending() as part of fault handling (because that's what this patch wants to do, at least for an user-mode page fault)? Please kindly correct me if I misunderstood...

I think that with this patch (modulo possible fix-ups) then yes, as long as we're returning to user mode we can do signal_pending() and return RETRY.

But I think we really want to add a new FAULT_FLAG_INTERRUPTIBLE bit for that (the same way we already have FAULT_FLAG_KILLABLE for things that can react to fatal signals), and only do it when that is set. Then the page fault handler can set that flag when it's doing a user-mode page fault.

Does that sound reasonable?

Linus

author reviewer
#6 lore raw

Re: [PATCH v5 02/25] mm: userfault: return VM_FAULT_RETRY on signals

Quoted 10 lines · Linus Torvalds
Quoted 4 lines · Peter Xu

Should we still be able to react on signal_pending() as part of fault handling (because that's what this patch wants to do, at least for an user-mode page fault)? Please kindly correct me if I misunderstood...

I think that with this patch (modulo possible fix-ups) then yes, as long as we're returning to user mode we can do signal_pending() and return RETRY.

Quoted 7 lines

But I think we really want to add a new FAULT_FLAG_INTERRUPTIBLE bit for that (the same way we already have FAULT_FLAG_KILLABLE for things that can react to fatal signals), and only do it when that is set. Then the page fault handler can set that flag when it's doing a user-mode page fault.

Does that sound reasonable?

Yes that sounds reasonable to me, and that matches perfectly with TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE and TASK_KILLABLE. The only thing that I am a bit uncertain is whether we should define FAULT_FLAG_INTERRUPTIBLE as a new bit or make it simply a combination of:

FAULT_FLAG_KILLABLE | FAULT_FLAG_USER

The problem is that when we do set_current_state() with either TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE or TASK_KILLABLE we'll only choose one of them, but never both. Here since the fault flag is a bitmask then if we introduce a new FAULT_FLAG_INTERRUPTIBLE bit and use it in the fault flags then we should probably be sure that FAULT_FLAG_KILLABLE is also set when with that (since IMHO it won't make much sense to make a page fault "interruptable" but "un-killable"...). Considering that TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE should also always in user-mode page faults so this dependency seems to exist with FAULT_FLAG_USER. Then I'm thinking maybe using the combination to express the meaning that "we would like this page fault to be interruptable, even for general userspace signals" would be nicer?

AFAIK currently only handle_userfault() have such code to handle normal signals besides SIGKILL, and it was trying to detect this using this rule already:

	return_to_userland =
		(vmf->flags & (FAULT_FLAG_USER|FAULT_FLAG_KILLABLE)) ==
		(FAULT_FLAG_USER|FAULT_FLAG_KILLABLE);

Then if we define that globally and officially then we can probably replace this simply with:

	return_to_userland = vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_INTERRUPTIBLE;

What do you think?

Thanks,

Signature · 1 line
Peter Xu
#7 lore raw

Re: [PATCH v5 02/25] mm: userfault: return VM_FAULT_RETRY on signals

Quoted 7 lines · Peter Xu

Yes that sounds reasonable to me, and that matches perfectly with TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE and TASK_KILLABLE. The only thing that I am a bit uncertain is whether we should define FAULT_FLAG_INTERRUPTIBLE as a new bit or make it simply a combination of:

FAULT_FLAG_KILLABLE | FAULT_FLAG_USER

It needs to be a new bit, I think.

Some things could potentially care about the difference between "can I abort this thing because the task will *die* and never see the end result" and "can I abort this thing because it will be retried".

For a regular page fault, maybe FAULT_FLAG_INTERRUPTBLE will always be set for the same things that set FAULT_FLAG_KILLABLE when it happens from user mode, but at least conceptually I think they are different, and it could make a difference for things like get_user_pages() or similar.

Also, I actually don't think we should ever expose FAULT_FLAG_USER to any fault handlers anyway. It has a very specific meaning for memory cgroup handling, and no other fault handler should likely ever care about "was this a user fault". So I'd actually prefer for people to ignore and forget that hacky flag entirely, rather than give it subtle semantic meaning together with KILLABLE.

[ Side note: this is the point where I may soon lose internet access, so I'll probably not be able to participate in the discussion any more for a while ]

Linus

author reviewer
#8 lore raw

Re: [PATCH v5 02/25] mm: userfault: return VM_FAULT_RETRY on signals

Quoted 21 lines · Linus Torvalds
Quoted 7 lines · Peter Xu

Yes that sounds reasonable to me, and that matches perfectly with TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE and TASK_KILLABLE. The only thing that I am a bit uncertain is whether we should define FAULT_FLAG_INTERRUPTIBLE as a new bit or make it simply a combination of:

FAULT_FLAG_KILLABLE | FAULT_FLAG_USER

It needs to be a new bit, I think.

Some things could potentially care about the difference between "can I abort this thing because the task will *die* and never see the end result" and "can I abort this thing because it will be retried".

For a regular page fault, maybe FAULT_FLAG_INTERRUPTBLE will always be set for the same things that set FAULT_FLAG_KILLABLE when it happens from user mode, but at least conceptually I think they are different, and it could make a difference for things like get_user_pages() or similar.

Quoted 6 lines

Also, I actually don't think we should ever expose FAULT_FLAG_USER to any fault handlers anyway. It has a very specific meaning for memory cgroup handling, and no other fault handler should likely ever care about "was this a user fault". So I'd actually prefer for people to ignore and forget that hacky flag entirely, rather than give it subtle semantic meaning together with KILLABLE.

OK.

Quoted 4 lines

[ Side note: this is the point where I may soon lose internet access, so I'll probably not be able to participate in the discussion any more for a while ]

Appreciate for these suggestions. I'll prepare something with that new bit and see whether that could be accepted. I'll also try to split those out of the bigger series.

Thanks,

Signature · 1 line
Peter Xu
author reviewer
#9 lore raw

PATCH v5 3/25 userfaultfd: don't retake mmap_sem to emulate NOPAGE

In reply to Peter Xu

The idea comes from the upstream discussion between Linus and Andrea:

https://lkml.org/lkml/2017/10/30/560

A summary to the issue: there was a special path in handle_userfault() in the past that we'll return a VM_FAULT_NOPAGE when we detected non-fatal signals when waiting for userfault handling. We did that by reacquiring the mmap_sem before returning. However that brings a risk in that the vmas might have changed when we retake the mmap_sem and even we could be holding an invalid vma structure.

This patch removes the risk path in handle_userfault() then we will be sure that the callers of handle_mm_fault() will know that the VMAs might have changed. Meanwhile with previous patch we don't lose responsiveness as well since the core mm code now can handle the nonfatal userspace signals quickly even if we return VM_FAULT_RETRY.

---
 fs/userfaultfd.c | 24 ------------------------
 1 file changed, 24 deletions(-)
fs/userfaultfd.c +0 -24
index 3b30301c90ec..5dbef45ecbf5 100644
@@ -516,30 +516,6 @@ vm_fault_t handle_userfault(struct vm_fault *vmf, unsigned long reason)
 
 	__set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 
-	if (return_to_userland) {
-		if (signal_pending(current) &&
-		    !fatal_signal_pending(current)) {
-			/*
-			 * If we got a SIGSTOP or SIGCONT and this is
-			 * a normal userland page fault, just let
-			 * userland return so the signal will be
-			 * handled and gdb debugging works.  The page
-			 * fault code immediately after we return from
-			 * this function is going to release the
-			 * mmap_sem and it's not depending on it
-			 * (unlike gup would if we were not to return
-			 * VM_FAULT_RETRY).
-			 *
-			 * If a fatal signal is pending we still take
-			 * the streamlined VM_FAULT_RETRY failure path
-			 * and there's no need to retake the mmap_sem
-			 * in such case.
-			 */
-			down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
-			ret = VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * Here we race with the list_del; list_add in
 	 * userfaultfd_ctx_read(), however because we don't ever run
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
author reviewer
#10 lore raw

PATCH v5 4/25 mm: allow VM_FAULT_RETRY for multiple times

In reply to Peter Xu

The idea comes from a discussion between Linus and Andrea [1].

Before this patch we only allow a page fault to retry once. We achieved this by clearing the FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY flag when doing handle_mm_fault() the second time. This was majorly used to avoid unexpected starvation of the system by looping over forever to handle the page fault on a single page. However that should hardly happen, and after all for each code path to return a VM_FAULT_RETRY we'll first wait for a condition (during which time we should possibly yield the cpu) to happen before VM_FAULT_RETRY is really returned.

This patch removes the restriction by keeping the FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY flag when we receive VM_FAULT_RETRY. It means that the page fault handler now can retry the page fault for multiple times if necessary without the need to generate another page fault event. Meanwhile we still keep the FAULT_FLAG_TRIED flag so page fault handler can still identify whether a page fault is the first attempt or not.

Then we'll have these combinations of fault flags (only considering ALLOW_RETRY flag and TRIED flag):

- ALLOW_RETRY and !TRIED: this means the page fault allows to retry, and this is the first try

- ALLOW_RETRY and TRIED: this means the page fault allows to
retry, and this is not the first try

- !ALLOW_RETRY and !TRIED: this means the page fault does not allow to retry at all

- !ALLOW_RETRY and TRIED: this is forbidden and should never be used

In existing code we have multiple places that has taken special care of the first condition above by checking against (fault_flags & FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY). This patch introduces a simple helper to detect the first retry of a page fault by checking against both (fault_flags & FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY) and !(fault_flag & FAULT_FLAG_TRIED) because now even the 2nd try will have the ALLOW_RETRY set, then use that helper in all existing special paths. One example is in __lock_page_or_retry(), now we'll drop the mmap_sem only in the first attempt of page fault and we'll keep it in follow up retries, so old locking behavior will be retained.

This will be a nice enhancement for current code [2] at the same time a supporting material for the future userfaultfd-writeprotect work, since in that work there will always be an explicit userfault writeprotect retry for protected pages, and if that cannot resolve the page fault (e.g., when userfaultfd-writeprotect is used in conjunction with swapped pages) then we'll possibly need a 3rd retry of the page fault. It might also benefit other potential users who will have similar requirement like userfault write-protection.

GUP code is not touched yet and will be covered in follow up patch.

Please read the thread below for more information.

[1] https://lkml.org/lkml/2017/11/2/833
[2] https://lkml.org/lkml/2018/12/30/64

---
 arch/alpha/mm/fault.c           |  2 +-
 arch/arc/mm/fault.c             |  1 -
 arch/arm/mm/fault.c             |  3 ---
 arch/arm64/mm/fault.c           |  5 ----
 arch/hexagon/mm/vm_fault.c      |  1 -
 arch/ia64/mm/fault.c            |  1 -
 arch/m68k/mm/fault.c            |  3 ---
 arch/microblaze/mm/fault.c      |  1 -
 arch/mips/mm/fault.c            |  1 -
 arch/nds32/mm/fault.c           |  1 -
 arch/nios2/mm/fault.c           |  3 ---
 arch/openrisc/mm/fault.c        |  1 -
 arch/parisc/mm/fault.c          |  4 +---
 arch/powerpc/mm/fault.c         |  6 -----
 arch/riscv/mm/fault.c           |  5 ----
 arch/s390/mm/fault.c            |  5 +---
 arch/sh/mm/fault.c              |  1 -
 arch/sparc/mm/fault_32.c        |  1 -
 arch/sparc/mm/fault_64.c        |  1 -
 arch/um/kernel/trap.c           |  1 -
 arch/unicore32/mm/fault.c       |  4 +---
 arch/x86/mm/fault.c             |  2 --
 arch/xtensa/mm/fault.c          |  1 -
 drivers/gpu/drm/ttm/ttm_bo_vm.c | 12 +++++++---
 include/linux/mm.h              | 41 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 mm/filemap.c                    |  2 +-
 mm/shmem.c                      |  2 +-
 27 files changed, 55 insertions(+), 56 deletions(-)
arch/alpha/mm/fault.c +1 -1
index 8a2ef90b4bfc..6a02c0fb36b9 100644
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ do_page_fault(unsigned long address, unsigned long mmcsr,
 		else
 			current->min_flt++;
 		if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
-			flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
+			flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 
 			 /* No need to up_read(&mm->mmap_sem) as we would
 			 * have already released it in __lock_page_or_retry
arch/arc/mm/fault.c +0 -1
index 3517820aea07..144d25b2e044 100644
@@ -165,7 +165,6 @@ void do_page_fault(unsigned long address, struct pt_regs *regs)
 			}
 
 			if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
-				flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
 				flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 				goto retry;
 			}
arch/arm/mm/fault.c +0 -3
index c41c021bbe40..7910b4b5205d 100644
@@ -342,9 +342,6 @@ do_page_fault(unsigned long addr, unsigned int fsr, struct pt_regs *regs)
 					regs, addr);
 		}
 		if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
-			/* Clear FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY to avoid any risk
-			* of starvation. */
-			flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
 			flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 			goto retry;
 		}
arch/arm64/mm/fault.c +0 -5
index 890ec3a693e6..c36da19d9098 100644
@@ -524,12 +524,7 @@ static int __kprobes do_page_fault(unsigned long addr, unsigned int esr,
 			return 0;
 		}
 
-		/*
-		 * Clear FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY to avoid any risk of
-		 * starvation.
-		 */
 		if (mm_flags & FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY) {
-			mm_flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
 			mm_flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 			goto retry;
 		}
arch/hexagon/mm/vm_fault.c +0 -1
index febb4f96ba6f..21b6e9d8f2a1 100644
@@ -102,7 +102,6 @@ void do_page_fault(unsigned long address, long cause, struct pt_regs *regs)
 			else
 				current->min_flt++;
 			if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
-				flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
 				flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 				goto retry;
 			}
arch/ia64/mm/fault.c +0 -1
index 62c2d39d2bed..9de95d39935e 100644
@@ -189,7 +189,6 @@ ia64_do_page_fault (unsigned long address, unsigned long isr, struct pt_regs *re
 		else
 			current->min_flt++;
 		if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
-			flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
 			flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 
 			 /* No need to up_read(&mm->mmap_sem) as we would
arch/m68k/mm/fault.c +0 -3
index d9808a807ab8..b1b2109e4ab4 100644
@@ -162,9 +162,6 @@ int do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long address,
 		else
 			current->min_flt++;
 		if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
-			/* Clear FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY to avoid any risk
-			 * of starvation. */
-			flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
 			flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 
 			/*
arch/microblaze/mm/fault.c +0 -1
index 4fd2dbd0c5ca..05a4847ac0bf 100644
@@ -236,7 +236,6 @@ void do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long address,
 		else
 			current->min_flt++;
 		if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
-			flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
 			flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 
 			/*
arch/mips/mm/fault.c +0 -1
index 92374fd091d2..9953b5b571df 100644
@@ -178,7 +178,6 @@ static void __kprobes __do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long write,
 			tsk->min_flt++;
 		}
 		if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
-			flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
 			flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 
 			/*
arch/nds32/mm/fault.c +0 -1
index da777de8a62e..3642bdd7909d 100644
@@ -242,7 +242,6 @@ void do_page_fault(unsigned long entry, unsigned long addr,
 				      1, regs, addr);
 		}
 		if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
-			flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
 			flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 
 			/* No need to up_read(&mm->mmap_sem) as we would
arch/nios2/mm/fault.c +0 -3
index bdb1f9db75ba..9d4961d51db4 100644
@@ -157,9 +157,6 @@ asmlinkage void do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long cause,
 		else
 			current->min_flt++;
 		if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
-			/* Clear FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY to avoid any risk
-			 * of starvation. */
-			flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
 			flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 
 			/*
arch/openrisc/mm/fault.c +0 -1
index f9f47dc32f94..05c754664fcb 100644
@@ -181,7 +181,6 @@ asmlinkage void do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long address,
 		else
 			tsk->min_flt++;
 		if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
-			flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
 			flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 
 			 /* No need to up_read(&mm->mmap_sem) as we would
arch/parisc/mm/fault.c +1 -3
index 29422eec329d..675b221af198 100644
@@ -327,14 +327,12 @@ void do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long code,
 		else
 			current->min_flt++;
 		if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
-			flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
-
 			/*
 			 * No need to up_read(&mm->mmap_sem) as we would
 			 * have already released it in __lock_page_or_retry
 			 * in mm/filemap.c.
 			 */
-
+			flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 			goto retry;
 		}
 	}
arch/powerpc/mm/fault.c +0 -6
index c2168b298c82..63564afb24ed 100644
@@ -608,13 +608,7 @@ static int __do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long address,
 	 * case.
 	 */
 	if (unlikely(fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY)) {
-		/* We retry only once */
 		if (flags & FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY) {
-			/*
-			 * Clear FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY to avoid any risk
-			 * of starvation.
-			 */
-			flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
 			flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 			if (is_user && signal_pending(current))
 				return 0;
arch/riscv/mm/fault.c +0 -5
index 4aa7a2343353..cc76c8766951 100644
@@ -142,11 +142,6 @@ asmlinkage void do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs)
 				      1, regs, addr);
 		}
 		if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
-			/*
-			 * Clear FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY to avoid any risk
-			 * of starvation.
-			 */
-			flags &= ~(FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY);
 			flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 
 			/*
arch/s390/mm/fault.c +1 -4
index 94087ba285be..e460043776f3 100644
@@ -530,10 +530,7 @@ static inline vm_fault_t do_exception(struct pt_regs *regs, int access)
 				fault = VM_FAULT_PFAULT;
 				goto out_up;
 			}
-			/* Clear FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY to avoid any risk
-			 * of starvation. */
-			flags &= ~(FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY |
-				   FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT);
+			flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT;
 			flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 			down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
 			goto retry;
arch/sh/mm/fault.c +0 -1
index baf5d73df40c..cd710e2d7c57 100644
@@ -498,7 +498,6 @@ asmlinkage void __kprobes do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs,
 				      regs, address);
 		}
 		if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
-			flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
 			flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 
 			/*
arch/sparc/mm/fault_32.c +0 -1
index a2c83104fe35..6735cd1c09b9 100644
@@ -261,7 +261,6 @@ asmlinkage void do_sparc_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, int text_fault, int write,
 				      1, regs, address);
 		}
 		if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
-			flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
 			flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 
 			/* No need to up_read(&mm->mmap_sem) as we would
arch/sparc/mm/fault_64.c +0 -1
index cad71ec5c7b3..28d5b4d012c6 100644
@@ -459,7 +459,6 @@ asmlinkage void __kprobes do_sparc64_fault(struct pt_regs *regs)
 				      1, regs, address);
 		}
 		if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
-			flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
 			flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 
 			/* No need to up_read(&mm->mmap_sem) as we would
arch/um/kernel/trap.c +0 -1
index 05dcd4c5f0d5..e7723c133c7f 100644
@@ -99,7 +99,6 @@ int handle_page_fault(unsigned long address, unsigned long ip,
 			else
 				current->min_flt++;
 			if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
-				flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
 				flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 
 				goto retry;
arch/unicore32/mm/fault.c +1 -3
index 3611f19234a1..efca122b5ef7 100644
@@ -261,9 +261,7 @@ static int do_pf(unsigned long addr, unsigned int fsr, struct pt_regs *regs)
 		else
 			tsk->min_flt++;
 		if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
-			/* Clear FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY to avoid any risk
-			* of starvation. */
-			flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
+			flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 			goto retry;
 		}
 	}
arch/x86/mm/fault.c +0 -2
index dcd7c1393be3..8d3fbd3dca75 100644
@@ -1465,9 +1465,7 @@ void do_user_addr_fault(struct pt_regs *regs,
 	if (unlikely(fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY)) {
 		bool is_user = flags & FAULT_FLAG_USER;
 
-		/* Retry at most once */
 		if (flags & FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY) {
-			flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
 			flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 			if (is_user && signal_pending(tsk))
 				return;
arch/xtensa/mm/fault.c +0 -1
index 792dad5e2f12..7cd55f2d66c9 100644
@@ -128,7 +128,6 @@ void do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs)
 		else
 			current->min_flt++;
 		if (fault & VM_FAULT_RETRY) {
-			flags &= ~FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY;
 			flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 
 			 /* No need to up_read(&mm->mmap_sem) as we would
drivers/gpu/drm/ttm/ttm_bo_vm.c +9 -3
index 6dacff49c1cc..8f2f9ee6effa 100644
@@ -61,9 +61,10 @@ static vm_fault_t ttm_bo_vm_fault_idle(struct ttm_buffer_object *bo,
 
 	/*
 	 * If possible, avoid waiting for GPU with mmap_sem
-	 * held.
+	 * held.  We only do this if the fault allows retry and this
+	 * is the first attempt.
 	 */
-	if (vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY) {
+	if (fault_flag_allow_retry_first(vmf->flags)) {
 		ret = VM_FAULT_RETRY;
 		if (vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT)
 			goto out_unlock;
@@ -132,7 +133,12 @@ static vm_fault_t ttm_bo_vm_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf)
 	 * for the buffer to become unreserved.
 	 */
 	if (unlikely(!reservation_object_trylock(bo->resv))) {
-		if (vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY) {
+		/*
+		 * If the fault allows retry and this is the first
+		 * fault attempt, we try to release the mmap_sem
+		 * before waiting
+		 */
+		if (fault_flag_allow_retry_first(vmf->flags)) {
 			if (!(vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT)) {
 				ttm_bo_get(bo);
 				up_read(&vmf->vma->vm_mm->mmap_sem);
include/linux/mm.h +40 -1

56 lines not on this page · raw message

mm/filemap.c +1 -1
index df2006ba0cfa..83fdf429f795 100644
@@ -1381,7 +1381,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__lock_page_killable);
 int __lock_page_or_retry(struct page *page, struct mm_struct *mm,
 			 unsigned int flags)
 {
-	if (flags & FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY) {
+	if (fault_flag_allow_retry_first(flags)) {
 		/*
 		 * CAUTION! In this case, mmap_sem is not released
 		 * even though return 0.
mm/shmem.c +1 -1
index 1bb3b8dc8bb2..ef3a19c83927 100644
@@ -2009,7 +2009,7 @@ static vm_fault_t shmem_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf)
 			DEFINE_WAIT_FUNC(shmem_fault_wait, synchronous_wake_function);
 
 			ret = VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
-			if ((vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY) &&
+			if (fault_flag_allow_retry_first(vmf->flags) &&
 			   !(vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT)) {
 				/* It's polite to up mmap_sem if we can */
 				up_read(&vma->vm_mm->mmap_sem);
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
author reviewer
#11 lore raw

PATCH v5 5/25 mm: gup: allow VM_FAULT_RETRY for multiple times

In reply to Peter Xu

This is the gup counterpart of the change that allows the VM_FAULT_RETRY to happen for more than once.

---
 mm/gup.c     | 17 +++++++++++++----
 mm/hugetlb.c |  6 ++++--
 2 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
mm/gup.c +13 -4
index 58d282115d9b..ac8d5b73c212 100644
@@ -647,7 +647,10 @@ static int faultin_page(struct task_struct *tsk, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 	if (*flags & FOLL_NOWAIT)
 		fault_flags |= FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY | FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT;
 	if (*flags & FOLL_TRIED) {
-		VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(fault_flags & FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY);
+		/*
+		 * Note: FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY and FAULT_FLAG_TRIED
+		 * can co-exist
+		 */
 		fault_flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 	}
 
@@ -1062,17 +1065,23 @@ static __always_inline long __get_user_pages_locked(struct task_struct *tsk,
 		if (likely(pages))
 			pages += ret;
 		start += ret << PAGE_SHIFT;
+		lock_dropped = true;
 
+retry:
 		/*
 		 * Repeat on the address that fired VM_FAULT_RETRY
-		 * without FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY but with
+		 * with both FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY and
 		 * FAULT_FLAG_TRIED.
 		 */
 		*locked = 1;
-		lock_dropped = true;
 		down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
 		ret = __get_user_pages(tsk, mm, start, 1, flags | FOLL_TRIED,
-				       pages, NULL, NULL);
+				       pages, NULL, locked);
+		if (!*locked) {
+			/* Continue to retry until we succeeded */
+			BUG_ON(ret != 0);
+			goto retry;
+		}
 		if (ret != 1) {
 			BUG_ON(ret > 1);
 			if (!pages_done)
mm/hugetlb.c +4 -2
index ba179c2fa8fb..d9c739f9a28e 100644
@@ -4317,8 +4317,10 @@ long follow_hugetlb_page(struct mm_struct *mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 				fault_flags |= FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY |
 					FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT;
 			if (flags & FOLL_TRIED) {
-				VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(fault_flags &
-						FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY);
+				/*
+				 * Note: FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY and
+				 * FAULT_FLAG_TRIED can co-exist
+				 */
 				fault_flags |= FAULT_FLAG_TRIED;
 			}
 			ret = hugetlb_fault(mm, vma, vaddr, fault_flags);
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
author reviewer
#12 lore raw

PATCH v5 6/25 userfaultfd: wp: add helper for writeprotect check

In reply to Peter Xu

From: Shaohua Li <[email protected]>

add helper for writeprotect check. Will use it later.

Cc Andrea Arcangeli <[email protected]>
Cc Pavel Emelyanov <[email protected]>
Cc Rik van Riel <[email protected]>
Cc Kirill A. Shutemov <[email protected]>
Cc Mel Gorman <[email protected]>
Cc Hugh Dickins <[email protected]>
Cc Johannes Weiner <[email protected]>
---
 include/linux/userfaultfd_k.h | 10 ++++++++++
 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+)
include/linux/userfaultfd_k.h +10 -0
index ac9d71e24b81..5dc247af0f2e 100644
@@ -52,6 +52,11 @@ static inline bool userfaultfd_missing(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 	return vma->vm_flags & VM_UFFD_MISSING;
 }
 
+static inline bool userfaultfd_wp(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
+{
+	return vma->vm_flags & VM_UFFD_WP;
+}
+
 static inline bool userfaultfd_armed(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 {
 	return vma->vm_flags & (VM_UFFD_MISSING | VM_UFFD_WP);
@@ -96,6 +101,11 @@ static inline bool userfaultfd_missing(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 	return false;
 }
 
+static inline bool userfaultfd_wp(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
+{
+	return false;
+}
+
 static inline bool userfaultfd_armed(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 {
 	return false;
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
author reviewer
#13 lore raw

PATCH v5 7/25 userfaultfd: wp: hook userfault handler to write protection fault

In reply to Peter Xu

From: Andrea Arcangeli <[email protected]>

There are several cases write protection fault happens. It could be a write to zero page, swaped page or userfault write protected page. When the fault happens, there is no way to know if userfault write protect the page before. Here we just blindly issue a userfault notification for vma with VM_UFFD_WP regardless if app write protects it yet. Application should be ready to handle such wp fault.

v1: From: Shaohua Li <[email protected]>

v2: Handle the userfault in the common do_wp_page. If we get there a pagetable is present and readonly so no need to do further processing until we solve the userfault.

In the swapin case, always swapin as readonly. This will cause false positive userfaults. We need to decide later if to eliminate them with a flag like soft-dirty in the swap entry (see _PAGE_SWP_SOFT_DIRTY).

hugetlbfs wouldn't need to worry about swapouts but and tmpfs would be handled by a swap entry bit like anonymous memory.

The main problem with no easy solution to eliminate the false positives, will be if/when userfaultfd is extended to real filesystem pagecache. When the pagecache is freed by reclaim we can't leave the radix tree pinned if the inode and in turn the radix tree is reclaimed as well.

The estimation is that full accuracy and lack of false positives could be easily provided only to anonymous memory (as long as there's no fork or as long as MADV_DONTFORK is used on the userfaultfd anonymous range) tmpfs and hugetlbfs, it's most certainly worth to achieve it but in a later incremental patch.

v3: Add hooking point for THP wrprotect faults.

CC Shaohua Li <[email protected]>
[peterx: don't conditionally drop FAULT_FLAG_WRITE in do_swap_page]
---
 mm/memory.c | 10 +++++++++-
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
mm/memory.c +9 -1
index ddf20bd0c317..05bcd741855b 100644
@@ -2579,6 +2579,11 @@ static vm_fault_t do_wp_page(struct vm_fault *vmf)
 {
 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
 
+	if (userfaultfd_wp(vma)) {
+		pte_unmap_unlock(vmf->pte, vmf->ptl);
+		return handle_userfault(vmf, VM_UFFD_WP);
+	}
+
 	vmf->page = vm_normal_page(vma, vmf->address, vmf->orig_pte);
 	if (!vmf->page) {
 		/*
@@ -3794,8 +3799,11 @@ static inline vm_fault_t create_huge_pmd(struct vm_fault *vmf)
 /* `inline' is required to avoid gcc 4.1.2 build error */
 static inline vm_fault_t wp_huge_pmd(struct vm_fault *vmf, pmd_t orig_pmd)
 {
-	if (vma_is_anonymous(vmf->vma))
+	if (vma_is_anonymous(vmf->vma)) {
+		if (userfaultfd_wp(vmf->vma))
+			return handle_userfault(vmf, VM_UFFD_WP);
 		return do_huge_pmd_wp_page(vmf, orig_pmd);
+	}
 	if (vmf->vma->vm_ops->huge_fault)
 		return vmf->vma->vm_ops->huge_fault(vmf, PE_SIZE_PMD);
 
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
author reviewer
#14 lore raw

PATCH v5 8/25 userfaultfd: wp: add WP pagetable tracking to x86

In reply to Peter Xu

From: Andrea Arcangeli <[email protected]>

Accurate userfaultfd WP tracking is possible by tracking exactly which virtual memory ranges were writeprotected by userland. We can't relay only on the RW bit of the mapped pagetable because that information is destroyed by fork() or KSM or swap. If we were to relay on that, we'd need to stay on the safe side and generate false positive wp faults for every swapped out page.

[peterx: append _PAGE_UFD_WP to _PAGE_CHG_MASK]
---
 arch/x86/Kconfig                     |  1 +
 arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable.h       | 52 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable_64.h    |  8 ++++-
 arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable_types.h | 11 +++++-
 include/asm-generic/pgtable.h        |  1 +
 include/asm-generic/pgtable_uffd.h   | 51 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 init/Kconfig                         |  5 +++
 7 files changed, 127 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 include/asm-generic/pgtable_uffd.h
arch/x86/Kconfig +1 -0
index 2bbbd4d1ba31..3e06f679126d 100644
@@ -217,6 +217,7 @@ config X86
 	select USER_STACKTRACE_SUPPORT
 	select VIRT_TO_BUS
 	select X86_FEATURE_NAMES		if PROC_FS
+	select HAVE_ARCH_USERFAULTFD_WP		if USERFAULTFD
 
 config INSTRUCTION_DECODER
 	def_bool y
arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable.h +52 -0

76 lines not on this page · raw message

arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable_64.h +7 -1
index 0bb566315621..627666b1c3c0 100644
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ extern void sync_global_pgds(unsigned long start, unsigned long end);
  *
  * |     ...            | 11| 10|  9|8|7|6|5| 4| 3|2| 1|0| <- bit number
  * |     ...            |SW3|SW2|SW1|G|L|D|A|CD|WT|U| W|P| <- bit names
- * | TYPE (59-63) | ~OFFSET (9-58)  |0|0|X|X| X| X|X|SD|0| <- swp entry
+ * | TYPE (59-63) | ~OFFSET (9-58)  |0|0|X|X| X| X|F|SD|0| <- swp entry
  *
  * G (8) is aliased and used as a PROT_NONE indicator for
  * !present ptes.  We need to start storing swap entries above
@@ -197,9 +197,15 @@ extern void sync_global_pgds(unsigned long start, unsigned long end);
  * erratum where they can be incorrectly set by hardware on
  * non-present PTEs.
  *
+ * SD Bits 1-4 are not used in non-present format and available for
+ * special use described below:
+ *
  * SD (1) in swp entry is used to store soft dirty bit, which helps us
  * remember soft dirty over page migration
  *
+ * F (2) in swp entry is used to record when a pagetable is
+ * writeprotected by userfaultfd WP support.
+ *
  * Bit 7 in swp entry should be 0 because pmd_present checks not only P,
  * but also L and G.
  *
arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable_types.h +10 -1
index d6ff0bbdb394..dd9c6295d610 100644
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 
 #define _PAGE_BIT_SPECIAL	_PAGE_BIT_SOFTW1
 #define _PAGE_BIT_CPA_TEST	_PAGE_BIT_SOFTW1
+#define _PAGE_BIT_UFFD_WP	_PAGE_BIT_SOFTW2 /* userfaultfd wrprotected */
 #define _PAGE_BIT_SOFT_DIRTY	_PAGE_BIT_SOFTW3 /* software dirty tracking */
 #define _PAGE_BIT_DEVMAP	_PAGE_BIT_SOFTW4
 
@@ -100,6 +101,14 @@
 #define _PAGE_SWP_SOFT_DIRTY	(_AT(pteval_t, 0))
 #endif
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_USERFAULTFD_WP
+#define _PAGE_UFFD_WP		(_AT(pteval_t, 1) << _PAGE_BIT_UFFD_WP)
+#define _PAGE_SWP_UFFD_WP	_PAGE_USER
+#else
+#define _PAGE_UFFD_WP		(_AT(pteval_t, 0))
+#define _PAGE_SWP_UFFD_WP	(_AT(pteval_t, 0))
+#endif
+
 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_64) || defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE)
 #define _PAGE_NX	(_AT(pteval_t, 1) << _PAGE_BIT_NX)
 #define _PAGE_DEVMAP	(_AT(u64, 1) << _PAGE_BIT_DEVMAP)
@@ -124,7 +133,7 @@
  */
 #define _PAGE_CHG_MASK	(PTE_PFN_MASK | _PAGE_PCD | _PAGE_PWT |		\
 			 _PAGE_SPECIAL | _PAGE_ACCESSED | _PAGE_DIRTY |	\
-			 _PAGE_SOFT_DIRTY | _PAGE_DEVMAP)
+			 _PAGE_SOFT_DIRTY | _PAGE_DEVMAP | _PAGE_UFFD_WP)
 #define _HPAGE_CHG_MASK (_PAGE_CHG_MASK | _PAGE_PSE)
 
 /*
include/asm-generic/pgtable.h +1 -0
index 75d9d68a6de7..1e979845e1cb 100644
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include <linux/mm_types.h>
 #include <linux/bug.h>
 #include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <asm-generic/pgtable_uffd.h>
 
 #if 5 - defined(__PAGETABLE_P4D_FOLDED) - defined(__PAGETABLE_PUD_FOLDED) - \
 	defined(__PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED) != CONFIG_PGTABLE_LEVELS
include/asm-generic/pgtable_uffd.h new file +51 -0

51 lines not on this page · raw message

init/Kconfig +5 -0
index 0e2344389501..763dc7fcf361 100644
@@ -1453,6 +1453,11 @@ config ADVISE_SYSCALLS
 	  applications use these syscalls, you can disable this option to save
 	  space.
 
+config HAVE_ARCH_USERFAULTFD_WP
+	bool
+	help
+	  Arch has userfaultfd write protection support
+
 config MEMBARRIER
 	bool "Enable membarrier() system call" if EXPERT
 	default y
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
author reviewer
#15 lore raw

PATCH v5 9/25 userfaultfd: wp: userfaultfd_pte/huge_pmd_wp() helpers

In reply to Peter Xu

From: Andrea Arcangeli <[email protected]>

Implement helpers methods to invoke userfaultfd wp faults more
selectively: not only when a wp fault triggers on a vma with vma->vm_flags VM_UFFD_WP set, but only if the _PAGE_UFFD_WP bit is set in the pagetable too.

---
 include/linux/userfaultfd_k.h | 27 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 27 insertions(+)
include/linux/userfaultfd_k.h +27 -0
index 5dc247af0f2e..7b91b76aac58 100644
@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@
 #include <linux/userfaultfd.h> /* linux/include/uapi/linux/userfaultfd.h */
 
 #include <linux/fcntl.h>
+#include <linux/mm.h>
+#include <asm-generic/pgtable_uffd.h>
 
 /*
  * CAREFUL: Check include/uapi/asm-generic/fcntl.h when defining
@@ -57,6 +59,18 @@ static inline bool userfaultfd_wp(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 	return vma->vm_flags & VM_UFFD_WP;
 }
 
+static inline bool userfaultfd_pte_wp(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
+				      pte_t pte)
+{
+	return userfaultfd_wp(vma) && pte_uffd_wp(pte);
+}
+
+static inline bool userfaultfd_huge_pmd_wp(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
+					   pmd_t pmd)
+{
+	return userfaultfd_wp(vma) && pmd_uffd_wp(pmd);
+}
+
 static inline bool userfaultfd_armed(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 {
 	return vma->vm_flags & (VM_UFFD_MISSING | VM_UFFD_WP);
@@ -106,6 +120,19 @@ static inline bool userfaultfd_wp(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 	return false;
 }
 
+static inline bool userfaultfd_pte_wp(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
+				      pte_t pte)
+{
+	return false;
+}
+
+static inline bool userfaultfd_huge_pmd_wp(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
+					   pmd_t pmd)
+{
+	return false;
+}
+
+
 static inline bool userfaultfd_armed(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 {
 	return false;
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
author reviewer
#16 lore raw

PATCH v5 10/25 userfaultfd: wp: add UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_WP

In reply to Peter Xu

From: Andrea Arcangeli <[email protected]>

This allows UFFDIO_COPY to map pages write-protected.

[peterx: switch to VM_WARN_ON_ONCE in mfill_atomic_pte; add brackets
around "dst_vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE"; fix wordings in comments and commit messages]

---
 fs/userfaultfd.c                 |  5 +++--
 include/linux/userfaultfd_k.h    |  2 +-
 include/uapi/linux/userfaultfd.h | 11 +++++-----
 mm/userfaultfd.c                 | 36 ++++++++++++++++++++++----------
 4 files changed, 35 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)
fs/userfaultfd.c +3 -2
index 5dbef45ecbf5..c594945ad5bf 100644
@@ -1694,11 +1694,12 @@ static int userfaultfd_copy(struct userfaultfd_ctx *ctx,
 	ret = -EINVAL;
 	if (uffdio_copy.src + uffdio_copy.len <= uffdio_copy.src)
 		goto out;
-	if (uffdio_copy.mode & ~UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_DONTWAKE)
+	if (uffdio_copy.mode & ~(UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_DONTWAKE|UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_WP))
 		goto out;
 	if (mmget_not_zero(ctx->mm)) {
 		ret = mcopy_atomic(ctx->mm, uffdio_copy.dst, uffdio_copy.src,
-				   uffdio_copy.len, &ctx->mmap_changing);
+				   uffdio_copy.len, &ctx->mmap_changing,
+				   uffdio_copy.mode);
 		mmput(ctx->mm);
 	} else {
 		return -ESRCH;
include/linux/userfaultfd_k.h +1 -1
index 7b91b76aac58..dcd33172b728 100644
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ extern vm_fault_t handle_userfault(struct vm_fault *vmf, unsigned long reason);
 
 extern ssize_t mcopy_atomic(struct mm_struct *dst_mm, unsigned long dst_start,
 			    unsigned long src_start, unsigned long len,
-			    bool *mmap_changing);
+			    bool *mmap_changing, __u64 mode);
 extern ssize_t mfill_zeropage(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 			      unsigned long dst_start,
 			      unsigned long len,
include/uapi/linux/userfaultfd.h +6 -5
index 48f1a7c2f1f0..340f23bc251d 100644
@@ -203,13 +203,14 @@ struct uffdio_copy {
 	__u64 dst;
 	__u64 src;
 	__u64 len;
+#define UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_DONTWAKE		((__u64)1<<0)
 	/*
-	 * There will be a wrprotection flag later that allows to map
-	 * pages wrprotected on the fly. And such a flag will be
-	 * available if the wrprotection ioctl are implemented for the
-	 * range according to the uffdio_register.ioctls.
+	 * UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_WP will map the page write protected on
+	 * the fly.  UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_WP is available only if the
+	 * write protected ioctl is implemented for the range
+	 * according to the uffdio_register.ioctls.
 	 */
-#define UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_DONTWAKE		((__u64)1<<0)
+#define UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_WP			((__u64)1<<1)
 	__u64 mode;
 
 	/*
mm/userfaultfd.c +25 -11
index 9932d5755e4c..c8e7846e9b7e 100644
@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@ static int mcopy_atomic_pte(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 			    struct vm_area_struct *dst_vma,
 			    unsigned long dst_addr,
 			    unsigned long src_addr,
-			    struct page **pagep)
+			    struct page **pagep,
+			    bool wp_copy)
 {
 	struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
 	pte_t _dst_pte, *dst_pte;
@@ -71,9 +72,9 @@ static int mcopy_atomic_pte(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 	if (mem_cgroup_try_charge(page, dst_mm, GFP_KERNEL, &memcg, false))
 		goto out_release;
 
-	_dst_pte = mk_pte(page, dst_vma->vm_page_prot);
-	if (dst_vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE)
-		_dst_pte = pte_mkwrite(pte_mkdirty(_dst_pte));
+	_dst_pte = pte_mkdirty(mk_pte(page, dst_vma->vm_page_prot));
+	if ((dst_vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE) && !wp_copy)
+		_dst_pte = pte_mkwrite(_dst_pte);
 
 	dst_pte = pte_offset_map_lock(dst_mm, dst_pmd, dst_addr, &ptl);
 	if (dst_vma->vm_file) {
@@ -398,7 +399,8 @@ static __always_inline ssize_t mfill_atomic_pte(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 						unsigned long dst_addr,
 						unsigned long src_addr,
 						struct page **page,
-						bool zeropage)
+						bool zeropage,
+						bool wp_copy)
 {
 	ssize_t err;
 
@@ -415,11 +417,13 @@ static __always_inline ssize_t mfill_atomic_pte(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 	if (!(dst_vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED)) {
 		if (!zeropage)
 			err = mcopy_atomic_pte(dst_mm, dst_pmd, dst_vma,
-					       dst_addr, src_addr, page);
+					       dst_addr, src_addr, page,
+					       wp_copy);
 		else
 			err = mfill_zeropage_pte(dst_mm, dst_pmd,
 						 dst_vma, dst_addr);
 	} else {
+		VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(wp_copy);
 		if (!zeropage)
 			err = shmem_mcopy_atomic_pte(dst_mm, dst_pmd,
 						     dst_vma, dst_addr,
@@ -437,7 +441,8 @@ static __always_inline ssize_t __mcopy_atomic(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 					      unsigned long src_start,
 					      unsigned long len,
 					      bool zeropage,
-					      bool *mmap_changing)
+					      bool *mmap_changing,
+					      __u64 mode)
 {
 	struct vm_area_struct *dst_vma;
 	ssize_t err;
@@ -445,6 +450,7 @@ static __always_inline ssize_t __mcopy_atomic(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 	unsigned long src_addr, dst_addr;
 	long copied;
 	struct page *page;
+	bool wp_copy;
 
 	/*
 	 * Sanitize the command parameters:
@@ -501,6 +507,14 @@ static __always_inline ssize_t __mcopy_atomic(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 	    dst_vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED))
 		goto out_unlock;
 
+	/*
+	 * validate 'mode' now that we know the dst_vma: don't allow
+	 * a wrprotect copy if the userfaultfd didn't register as WP.
+	 */
+	wp_copy = mode & UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_WP;
+	if (wp_copy && !(dst_vma->vm_flags & VM_UFFD_WP))
+		goto out_unlock;
+
 	/*
 	 * If this is a HUGETLB vma, pass off to appropriate routine
 	 */
@@ -556,7 +570,7 @@ static __always_inline ssize_t __mcopy_atomic(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 		BUG_ON(pmd_trans_huge(*dst_pmd));
 
 		err = mfill_atomic_pte(dst_mm, dst_pmd, dst_vma, dst_addr,
-				       src_addr, &page, zeropage);
+				       src_addr, &page, zeropage, wp_copy);
 		cond_resched();
 
 		if (unlikely(err == -ENOENT)) {
@@ -603,14 +617,14 @@ static __always_inline ssize_t __mcopy_atomic(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 
 ssize_t mcopy_atomic(struct mm_struct *dst_mm, unsigned long dst_start,
 		     unsigned long src_start, unsigned long len,
-		     bool *mmap_changing)
+		     bool *mmap_changing, __u64 mode)
 {
 	return __mcopy_atomic(dst_mm, dst_start, src_start, len, false,
-			      mmap_changing);
+			      mmap_changing, mode);
 }
 
 ssize_t mfill_zeropage(struct mm_struct *dst_mm, unsigned long start,
 		       unsigned long len, bool *mmap_changing)
 {
-	return __mcopy_atomic(dst_mm, start, 0, len, true, mmap_changing);
+	return __mcopy_atomic(dst_mm, start, 0, len, true, mmap_changing, 0);
 }
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
author reviewer
#17 lore raw

PATCH v5 11/25 mm: merge parameters for change_protection()

In reply to Peter Xu

change_protection() was used by either the NUMA or mprotect() code, there's one parameter for each of the callers (dirty_accountable and prot_numa). Further, these parameters are passed along the calls:

- change_protection_range()
- change_p4d_range()
- change_pud_range()
- change_pmd_range()
- ...

Now we introduce a flag for change_protect() and all these helpers to replace these parameters. Then we can avoid passing multiple parameters multiple times along the way.

More importantly, it'll greatly simplify the work if we want to introduce any new parameters to change_protection(). In the follow up patches, a new parameter for userfaultfd write protection will be introduced.

No functional change at all.

---
 include/linux/huge_mm.h |  2 +-
 include/linux/mm.h      | 14 +++++++++++++-
 mm/huge_memory.c        |  3 ++-
 mm/mempolicy.c          |  2 +-
 mm/mprotect.c           | 29 ++++++++++++++++-------------
 5 files changed, 33 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)
include/linux/huge_mm.h +1 -1
index 7cd5c150c21d..a81a6ed609ac 100644
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ extern bool move_huge_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long old_addr,
 			 pmd_t *old_pmd, pmd_t *new_pmd);
 extern int change_huge_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
 			unsigned long addr, pgprot_t newprot,
-			int prot_numa);
+			unsigned long cp_flags);
 vm_fault_t vmf_insert_pfn_pmd(struct vm_fault *vmf, pfn_t pfn, bool write);
 vm_fault_t vmf_insert_pfn_pud(struct vm_fault *vmf, pfn_t pfn, bool write);
 enum transparent_hugepage_flag {
include/linux/mm.h +13 -1
index dcaca899e4a8..a93ac1c37940 100644
@@ -1708,9 +1708,21 @@ extern unsigned long move_page_tables(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 		unsigned long old_addr, struct vm_area_struct *new_vma,
 		unsigned long new_addr, unsigned long len,
 		bool need_rmap_locks);
+
+/*
+ * Flags used by change_protection().  For now we make it a bitmap so
+ * that we can pass in multiple flags just like parameters.  However
+ * for now all the callers are only use one of the flags at the same
+ * time.
+ */
+/* Whether we should allow dirty bit accounting */
+#define  MM_CP_DIRTY_ACCT                  (1UL << 0)
+/* Whether this protection change is for NUMA hints */
+#define  MM_CP_PROT_NUMA                   (1UL << 1)
+
 extern unsigned long change_protection(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
 			      unsigned long end, pgprot_t newprot,
-			      int dirty_accountable, int prot_numa);
+			      unsigned long cp_flags);
 extern int mprotect_fixup(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 			  struct vm_area_struct **pprev, unsigned long start,
 			  unsigned long end, unsigned long newflags);
mm/huge_memory.c +2 -1
index 9f8bce9a6b32..b7149a0acac1 100644
@@ -1903,13 +1903,14 @@ bool move_huge_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long old_addr,
  *  - HPAGE_PMD_NR is protections changed and TLB flush necessary
  */
 int change_huge_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
-		unsigned long addr, pgprot_t newprot, int prot_numa)
+		unsigned long addr, pgprot_t newprot, unsigned long cp_flags)
 {
 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
 	spinlock_t *ptl;
 	pmd_t entry;
 	bool preserve_write;
 	int ret;
+	bool prot_numa = cp_flags & MM_CP_PROT_NUMA;
 
 	ptl = __pmd_trans_huge_lock(pmd, vma);
 	if (!ptl)
mm/mempolicy.c +1 -1
index 01600d80ae01..dea6a49573e3 100644
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ unsigned long change_prot_numa(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 {
 	int nr_updated;
 
-	nr_updated = change_protection(vma, addr, end, PAGE_NONE, 0, 1);
+	nr_updated = change_protection(vma, addr, end, PAGE_NONE, MM_CP_PROT_NUMA);
 	if (nr_updated)
 		count_vm_numa_events(NUMA_PTE_UPDATES, nr_updated);
 
mm/mprotect.c +16 -13
index bf38dfbbb4b4..ae9caa4c6562 100644
@@ -37,12 +37,14 @@
 
 static unsigned long change_pte_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
 		unsigned long addr, unsigned long end, pgprot_t newprot,
-		int dirty_accountable, int prot_numa)
+		unsigned long cp_flags)
 {
 	pte_t *pte, oldpte;
 	spinlock_t *ptl;
 	unsigned long pages = 0;
 	int target_node = NUMA_NO_NODE;
+	bool dirty_accountable = cp_flags & MM_CP_DIRTY_ACCT;
+	bool prot_numa = cp_flags & MM_CP_PROT_NUMA;
 
 	/*
 	 * Can be called with only the mmap_sem for reading by
@@ -163,7 +165,7 @@ static unsigned long change_pte_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
 
 static inline unsigned long change_pmd_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 		pud_t *pud, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
-		pgprot_t newprot, int dirty_accountable, int prot_numa)
+		pgprot_t newprot, unsigned long cp_flags)
 {
 	pmd_t *pmd;
 	unsigned long next;
@@ -195,7 +197,7 @@ static inline unsigned long change_pmd_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 				__split_huge_pmd(vma, pmd, addr, false, NULL);
 			} else {
 				int nr_ptes = change_huge_pmd(vma, pmd, addr,
-						newprot, prot_numa);
+							      newprot, cp_flags);
 
 				if (nr_ptes) {
 					if (nr_ptes == HPAGE_PMD_NR) {
@@ -210,7 +212,7 @@ static inline unsigned long change_pmd_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 			/* fall through, the trans huge pmd just split */
 		}
 		this_pages = change_pte_range(vma, pmd, addr, next, newprot,
-				 dirty_accountable, prot_numa);
+					      cp_flags);
 		pages += this_pages;
 next:
 		cond_resched();
@@ -226,7 +228,7 @@ static inline unsigned long change_pmd_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 
 static inline unsigned long change_pud_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 		p4d_t *p4d, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
-		pgprot_t newprot, int dirty_accountable, int prot_numa)
+		pgprot_t newprot, unsigned long cp_flags)
 {
 	pud_t *pud;
 	unsigned long next;
@@ -238,7 +240,7 @@ static inline unsigned long change_pud_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 		if (pud_none_or_clear_bad(pud))
 			continue;
 		pages += change_pmd_range(vma, pud, addr, next, newprot,
-				 dirty_accountable, prot_numa);
+					  cp_flags);
 	} while (pud++, addr = next, addr != end);
 
 	return pages;
@@ -246,7 +248,7 @@ static inline unsigned long change_pud_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 
 static inline unsigned long change_p4d_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 		pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
-		pgprot_t newprot, int dirty_accountable, int prot_numa)
+		pgprot_t newprot, unsigned long cp_flags)
 {
 	p4d_t *p4d;
 	unsigned long next;
@@ -258,7 +260,7 @@ static inline unsigned long change_p4d_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 		if (p4d_none_or_clear_bad(p4d))
 			continue;
 		pages += change_pud_range(vma, p4d, addr, next, newprot,
-				 dirty_accountable, prot_numa);
+					  cp_flags);
 	} while (p4d++, addr = next, addr != end);
 
 	return pages;
@@ -266,7 +268,7 @@ static inline unsigned long change_p4d_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 
 static unsigned long change_protection_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 		unsigned long addr, unsigned long end, pgprot_t newprot,
-		int dirty_accountable, int prot_numa)
+		unsigned long cp_flags)
 {
 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
 	pgd_t *pgd;
@@ -283,7 +285,7 @@ static unsigned long change_protection_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 		if (pgd_none_or_clear_bad(pgd))
 			continue;
 		pages += change_p4d_range(vma, pgd, addr, next, newprot,
-				 dirty_accountable, prot_numa);
+					  cp_flags);
 	} while (pgd++, addr = next, addr != end);
 
 	/* Only flush the TLB if we actually modified any entries: */
@@ -296,14 +298,15 @@ static unsigned long change_protection_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 
 unsigned long change_protection(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
 		       unsigned long end, pgprot_t newprot,
-		       int dirty_accountable, int prot_numa)
+		       unsigned long cp_flags)
 {
 	unsigned long pages;
 
 	if (is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma))
 		pages = hugetlb_change_protection(vma, start, end, newprot);
 	else
-		pages = change_protection_range(vma, start, end, newprot, dirty_accountable, prot_numa);
+		pages = change_protection_range(vma, start, end, newprot,
+						cp_flags);
 
 	return pages;
 }
@@ -431,7 +434,7 @@ mprotect_fixup(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct vm_area_struct **pprev,
 	vma_set_page_prot(vma);
 
 	change_protection(vma, start, end, vma->vm_page_prot,
-			  dirty_accountable, 0);
+			  dirty_accountable ? MM_CP_DIRTY_ACCT : 0);
 
 	/*
 	 * Private VM_LOCKED VMA becoming writable: trigger COW to avoid major
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
author reviewer
#18 lore raw

PATCH v5 12/25 userfaultfd: wp: apply _PAGE_UFFD_WP bit

In reply to Peter Xu

Firstly, introduce two new flags MM_CP_UFFD_WP[_RESOLVE] for change_protection() when used with uffd-wp and make sure the two new flags are exclusively used. Then,

- For MM_CP_UFFD_WP: apply the _PAGE_UFFD_WP bit and remove _PAGE_RW when a range of memory is write protected by uffd

- For MM_CP_UFFD_WP_RESOLVE: remove the _PAGE_UFFD_WP bit and recover _PAGE_RW when write protection is resolved from userspace

And use this new interface in mwriteprotect_range() to replace the old MM_CP_DIRTY_ACCT.

Do this change for both PTEs and huge PMDs. Then we can start to identify which PTE/PMD is write protected by general (e.g., COW or soft dirty tracking), and which is for userfaultfd-wp.

Since we should keep the _PAGE_UFFD_WP when doing pte_modify(), add it into _PAGE_CHG_MASK as well. Meanwhile, since we have this new bit, we can be even more strict when detecting uffd-wp page faults in either do_wp_page() or wp_huge_pmd().

After we're with _PAGE_UFFD_WP, a special case is when a page is both protected by the general COW logic and also userfault-wp. Here the userfault-wp will have higher priority and will be handled first. Only after the uffd-wp bit is cleared on the PTE/PMD will we continue to handle the general COW. These are the steps on what will happen with such a page:

1. CPU accesses write protected shared page (so both protected by general COW and uffd-wp), blocked by uffd-wp first because in do_wp_page we'll handle uffd-wp first, so it has higher priority than general COW.

2. Uffd service thread receives the request, do UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT to remove the uffd-wp bit upon the PTE/PMD. However here we still keep the write bit cleared. Notify the blocked CPU.

3. The blocked CPU resumes the page fault process with a fault retry, during retry it'll notice it was not with the uffd-wp bit this time but it is still write protected by general COW, then it'll go though the COW path in the fault handler, copy the page, apply write bit where necessary, and retry again.

4. The CPU will be able to access this page with write bit set.

---
 include/linux/mm.h |  5 +++++
 mm/huge_memory.c   | 18 +++++++++++++++++-
 mm/memory.c        |  4 ++--
 mm/mprotect.c      | 17 +++++++++++++++++
 mm/userfaultfd.c   |  8 ++++++--
 5 files changed, 47 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
include/linux/mm.h +5 -0
index a93ac1c37940..beca76650271 100644
@@ -1719,6 +1719,11 @@ extern unsigned long move_page_tables(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 #define  MM_CP_DIRTY_ACCT                  (1UL << 0)
 /* Whether this protection change is for NUMA hints */
 #define  MM_CP_PROT_NUMA                   (1UL << 1)
+/* Whether this change is for write protecting */
+#define  MM_CP_UFFD_WP                     (1UL << 2) /* do wp */
+#define  MM_CP_UFFD_WP_RESOLVE             (1UL << 3) /* Resolve wp */
+#define  MM_CP_UFFD_WP_ALL                 (MM_CP_UFFD_WP | \
+					    MM_CP_UFFD_WP_RESOLVE)
 
 extern unsigned long change_protection(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
 			      unsigned long end, pgprot_t newprot,
mm/huge_memory.c +17 -1
index b7149a0acac1..3fda79f6746b 100644
@@ -1911,6 +1911,8 @@ int change_huge_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
 	bool preserve_write;
 	int ret;
 	bool prot_numa = cp_flags & MM_CP_PROT_NUMA;
+	bool uffd_wp = cp_flags & MM_CP_UFFD_WP;
+	bool uffd_wp_resolve = cp_flags & MM_CP_UFFD_WP_RESOLVE;
 
 	ptl = __pmd_trans_huge_lock(pmd, vma);
 	if (!ptl)
@@ -1977,6 +1979,17 @@ int change_huge_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
 	entry = pmd_modify(entry, newprot);
 	if (preserve_write)
 		entry = pmd_mk_savedwrite(entry);
+	if (uffd_wp) {
+		entry = pmd_wrprotect(entry);
+		entry = pmd_mkuffd_wp(entry);
+	} else if (uffd_wp_resolve) {
+		/*
+		 * Leave the write bit to be handled by PF interrupt
+		 * handler, then things like COW could be properly
+		 * handled.
+		 */
+		entry = pmd_clear_uffd_wp(entry);
+	}
 	ret = HPAGE_PMD_NR;
 	set_pmd_at(mm, addr, pmd, entry);
 	BUG_ON(vma_is_anonymous(vma) && !preserve_write && pmd_write(entry));
@@ -2125,7 +2138,7 @@ static void __split_huge_pmd_locked(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
 	struct page *page;
 	pgtable_t pgtable;
 	pmd_t old_pmd, _pmd;
-	bool young, write, soft_dirty, pmd_migration = false;
+	bool young, write, soft_dirty, pmd_migration = false, uffd_wp = false;
 	unsigned long addr;
 	int i;
 
@@ -2207,6 +2220,7 @@ static void __split_huge_pmd_locked(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
 		write = pmd_write(old_pmd);
 		young = pmd_young(old_pmd);
 		soft_dirty = pmd_soft_dirty(old_pmd);
+		uffd_wp = pmd_uffd_wp(old_pmd);
 	}
 	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!page_count(page), page);
 	page_ref_add(page, HPAGE_PMD_NR - 1);
@@ -2240,6 +2254,8 @@ static void __split_huge_pmd_locked(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
 				entry = pte_mkold(entry);
 			if (soft_dirty)
 				entry = pte_mksoft_dirty(entry);
+			if (uffd_wp)
+				entry = pte_mkuffd_wp(entry);
 		}
 		pte = pte_offset_map(&_pmd, addr);
 		BUG_ON(!pte_none(*pte));
mm/memory.c +2 -2
index 05bcd741855b..d79e6d1f8c62 100644
@@ -2579,7 +2579,7 @@ static vm_fault_t do_wp_page(struct vm_fault *vmf)
 {
 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
 
-	if (userfaultfd_wp(vma)) {
+	if (userfaultfd_pte_wp(vma, *vmf->pte)) {
 		pte_unmap_unlock(vmf->pte, vmf->ptl);
 		return handle_userfault(vmf, VM_UFFD_WP);
 	}
@@ -3800,7 +3800,7 @@ static inline vm_fault_t create_huge_pmd(struct vm_fault *vmf)
 static inline vm_fault_t wp_huge_pmd(struct vm_fault *vmf, pmd_t orig_pmd)
 {
 	if (vma_is_anonymous(vmf->vma)) {
-		if (userfaultfd_wp(vmf->vma))
+		if (userfaultfd_huge_pmd_wp(vmf->vma, orig_pmd))
 			return handle_userfault(vmf, VM_UFFD_WP);
 		return do_huge_pmd_wp_page(vmf, orig_pmd);
 	}
mm/mprotect.c +17 -0
index ae9caa4c6562..c7066d7384e3 100644
@@ -45,6 +45,8 @@ static unsigned long change_pte_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
 	int target_node = NUMA_NO_NODE;
 	bool dirty_accountable = cp_flags & MM_CP_DIRTY_ACCT;
 	bool prot_numa = cp_flags & MM_CP_PROT_NUMA;
+	bool uffd_wp = cp_flags & MM_CP_UFFD_WP;
+	bool uffd_wp_resolve = cp_flags & MM_CP_UFFD_WP_RESOLVE;
 
 	/*
 	 * Can be called with only the mmap_sem for reading by
@@ -116,6 +118,19 @@ static unsigned long change_pte_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
 			if (preserve_write)
 				ptent = pte_mk_savedwrite(ptent);
 
+			if (uffd_wp) {
+				ptent = pte_wrprotect(ptent);
+				ptent = pte_mkuffd_wp(ptent);
+			} else if (uffd_wp_resolve) {
+				/*
+				 * Leave the write bit to be handled
+				 * by PF interrupt handler, then
+				 * things like COW could be properly
+				 * handled.
+				 */
+				ptent = pte_clear_uffd_wp(ptent);
+			}
+
 			/* Avoid taking write faults for known dirty pages */
 			if (dirty_accountable && pte_dirty(ptent) &&
 					(pte_soft_dirty(ptent) ||
@@ -302,6 +317,8 @@ unsigned long change_protection(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
 {
 	unsigned long pages;
 
+	BUG_ON((cp_flags & MM_CP_UFFD_WP_ALL) == MM_CP_UFFD_WP_ALL);
+
 	if (is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma))
 		pages = hugetlb_change_protection(vma, start, end, newprot);
 	else
mm/userfaultfd.c +6 -2
index c8e7846e9b7e..5363376cb07a 100644
@@ -73,8 +73,12 @@ static int mcopy_atomic_pte(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 		goto out_release;
 
 	_dst_pte = pte_mkdirty(mk_pte(page, dst_vma->vm_page_prot));
-	if ((dst_vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE) && !wp_copy)
-		_dst_pte = pte_mkwrite(_dst_pte);
+	if (dst_vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE) {
+		if (wp_copy)
+			_dst_pte = pte_mkuffd_wp(_dst_pte);
+		else
+			_dst_pte = pte_mkwrite(_dst_pte);
+	}
 
 	dst_pte = pte_offset_map_lock(dst_mm, dst_pmd, dst_addr, &ptl);
 	if (dst_vma->vm_file) {
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
author reviewer
#19 lore raw

PATCH v5 13/25 userfaultfd: wp: drop _PAGE_UFFD_WP properly when fork

In reply to Peter Xu

UFFD_EVENT_FORK support for uffd-wp should be already there, except that we should clean the uffd-wp bit if uffd fork event is not enabled. Detect that to avoid _PAGE_UFFD_WP being set even if the VMA is not being tracked by VM_UFFD_WP. Do this for both small PTEs and huge PMDs.

---
 mm/huge_memory.c | 8 ++++++++
 mm/memory.c      | 8 ++++++++
 2 files changed, 16 insertions(+)
mm/huge_memory.c +8 -0
index 3fda79f6746b..757975920df8 100644
@@ -980,6 +980,14 @@ int copy_huge_pmd(struct mm_struct *dst_mm, struct mm_struct *src_mm,
 	ret = -EAGAIN;
 	pmd = *src_pmd;
 
+	/*
+	 * Make sure the _PAGE_UFFD_WP bit is cleared if the new VMA
+	 * does not have the VM_UFFD_WP, which means that the uffd
+	 * fork event is not enabled.
+	 */
+	if (!(vma->vm_flags & VM_UFFD_WP))
+		pmd = pmd_clear_uffd_wp(pmd);
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_ENABLE_THP_MIGRATION
 	if (unlikely(is_swap_pmd(pmd))) {
 		swp_entry_t entry = pmd_to_swp_entry(pmd);
mm/memory.c +8 -0
index d79e6d1f8c62..8c69257d6ef1 100644
@@ -790,6 +790,14 @@ copy_one_pte(struct mm_struct *dst_mm, struct mm_struct *src_mm,
 		pte = pte_mkclean(pte);
 	pte = pte_mkold(pte);
 
+	/*
+	 * Make sure the _PAGE_UFFD_WP bit is cleared if the new VMA
+	 * does not have the VM_UFFD_WP, which means that the uffd
+	 * fork event is not enabled.
+	 */
+	if (!(vm_flags & VM_UFFD_WP))
+		pte = pte_clear_uffd_wp(pte);
+
 	page = vm_normal_page(vma, addr, pte);
 	if (page) {
 		get_page(page);
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
author reviewer
#20 lore raw

PATCH v5 14/25 userfaultfd: wp: add pmd_swp_*uffd_wp() helpers

In reply to Peter Xu

Adding these missing helpers for uffd-wp operations with pmd swap/migration entries.

---
 arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable.h     | 15 +++++++++++++++
 include/asm-generic/pgtable_uffd.h | 15 +++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 30 insertions(+)
arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable.h +15 -0
index 5b254b851082..0120fa671914 100644
@@ -1421,6 +1421,21 @@ static inline pte_t pte_swp_clear_uffd_wp(pte_t pte)
 {
 	return pte_clear_flags(pte, _PAGE_SWP_UFFD_WP);
 }
+
+static inline pmd_t pmd_swp_mkuffd_wp(pmd_t pmd)
+{
+	return pmd_set_flags(pmd, _PAGE_SWP_UFFD_WP);
+}
+
+static inline int pmd_swp_uffd_wp(pmd_t pmd)
+{
+	return pmd_flags(pmd) & _PAGE_SWP_UFFD_WP;
+}
+
+static inline pmd_t pmd_swp_clear_uffd_wp(pmd_t pmd)
+{
+	return pmd_clear_flags(pmd, _PAGE_SWP_UFFD_WP);
+}
 #endif /* CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_USERFAULTFD_WP */
 
 #define PKRU_AD_BIT 0x1
include/asm-generic/pgtable_uffd.h +15 -0
index 643d1bf559c2..828966d4c281 100644
@@ -46,6 +46,21 @@ static __always_inline pte_t pte_swp_clear_uffd_wp(pte_t pte)
 {
 	return pte;
 }
+
+static inline pmd_t pmd_swp_mkuffd_wp(pmd_t pmd)
+{
+	return pmd;
+}
+
+static inline int pmd_swp_uffd_wp(pmd_t pmd)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static inline pmd_t pmd_swp_clear_uffd_wp(pmd_t pmd)
+{
+	return pmd;
+}
 #endif /* CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_USERFAULTFD_WP */
 
 #endif /* _ASM_GENERIC_PGTABLE_UFFD_H */
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
author reviewer
#21 lore raw

PATCH v5 15/25 userfaultfd: wp: support swap and page migration

In reply to Peter Xu

For either swap and page migration, we all use the bit 2 of the entry to identify whether this entry is uffd write-protected. It plays a similar role as the existing soft dirty bit in swap entries but only for keeping the uffd-wp tracking for a specific PTE/PMD.

Something special here is that when we want to recover the uffd-wp bit from a swap/migration entry to the PTE bit we'll also need to take care of the _PAGE_RW bit and make sure it's cleared, otherwise even with the _PAGE_UFFD_WP bit we can't trap it at all.

In change_pte_range() we do nothing for uffd if the PTE is a swap entry. That can lead to data mismatch if the page that we are going to write protect is swapped out when sending the UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT. This patch also applies/removes the uffd-wp bit even for the swap entries.

---
 include/linux/swapops.h |  2 ++
 mm/huge_memory.c        |  3 +++
 mm/memory.c             |  8 ++++++++
 mm/migrate.c            |  6 ++++++
 mm/mprotect.c           | 28 +++++++++++++++++-----------
 mm/rmap.c               |  6 ++++++
 6 files changed, 42 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)
include/linux/swapops.h +2 -0
index 4d961668e5fc..0c2923b1cdb7 100644
@@ -68,6 +68,8 @@ static inline swp_entry_t pte_to_swp_entry(pte_t pte)
 
 	if (pte_swp_soft_dirty(pte))
 		pte = pte_swp_clear_soft_dirty(pte);
+	if (pte_swp_uffd_wp(pte))
+		pte = pte_swp_clear_uffd_wp(pte);
 	arch_entry = __pte_to_swp_entry(pte);
 	return swp_entry(__swp_type(arch_entry), __swp_offset(arch_entry));
 }
mm/huge_memory.c +3 -0
index 757975920df8..eae25c58db9d 100644
@@ -2221,6 +2221,7 @@ static void __split_huge_pmd_locked(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
 		write = is_write_migration_entry(entry);
 		young = false;
 		soft_dirty = pmd_swp_soft_dirty(old_pmd);
+		uffd_wp = pmd_swp_uffd_wp(old_pmd);
 	} else {
 		page = pmd_page(old_pmd);
 		if (pmd_dirty(old_pmd))
@@ -2253,6 +2254,8 @@ static void __split_huge_pmd_locked(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
 			entry = swp_entry_to_pte(swp_entry);
 			if (soft_dirty)
 				entry = pte_swp_mksoft_dirty(entry);
+			if (uffd_wp)
+				entry = pte_swp_mkuffd_wp(entry);
 		} else {
 			entry = mk_pte(page + i, READ_ONCE(vma->vm_page_prot));
 			entry = maybe_mkwrite(entry, vma);
mm/memory.c +8 -0
index 8c69257d6ef1..28e9342d00cc 100644
@@ -738,6 +738,8 @@ copy_one_pte(struct mm_struct *dst_mm, struct mm_struct *src_mm,
 				pte = swp_entry_to_pte(entry);
 				if (pte_swp_soft_dirty(*src_pte))
 					pte = pte_swp_mksoft_dirty(pte);
+				if (pte_swp_uffd_wp(*src_pte))
+					pte = pte_swp_mkuffd_wp(pte);
 				set_pte_at(src_mm, addr, src_pte, pte);
 			}
 		} else if (is_device_private_entry(entry)) {
@@ -767,6 +769,8 @@ copy_one_pte(struct mm_struct *dst_mm, struct mm_struct *src_mm,
 			    is_cow_mapping(vm_flags)) {
 				make_device_private_entry_read(&entry);
 				pte = swp_entry_to_pte(entry);
+				if (pte_swp_uffd_wp(*src_pte))
+					pte = pte_swp_mkuffd_wp(pte);
 				set_pte_at(src_mm, addr, src_pte, pte);
 			}
 		}
@@ -2930,6 +2934,10 @@ vm_fault_t do_swap_page(struct vm_fault *vmf)
 	flush_icache_page(vma, page);
 	if (pte_swp_soft_dirty(vmf->orig_pte))
 		pte = pte_mksoft_dirty(pte);
+	if (pte_swp_uffd_wp(vmf->orig_pte)) {
+		pte = pte_mkuffd_wp(pte);
+		pte = pte_wrprotect(pte);
+	}
 	set_pte_at(vma->vm_mm, vmf->address, vmf->pte, pte);
 	arch_do_swap_page(vma->vm_mm, vma, vmf->address, pte, vmf->orig_pte);
 	vmf->orig_pte = pte;
mm/migrate.c +6 -0
index f2ecc2855a12..d8f1f6d13960 100644
@@ -241,11 +241,15 @@ static bool remove_migration_pte(struct page *page, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 		entry = pte_to_swp_entry(*pvmw.pte);
 		if (is_write_migration_entry(entry))
 			pte = maybe_mkwrite(pte, vma);
+		else if (pte_swp_uffd_wp(*pvmw.pte))
+			pte = pte_mkuffd_wp(pte);
 
 		if (unlikely(is_zone_device_page(new))) {
 			if (is_device_private_page(new)) {
 				entry = make_device_private_entry(new, pte_write(pte));
 				pte = swp_entry_to_pte(entry);
+				if (pte_swp_uffd_wp(*pvmw.pte))
+					pte = pte_mkuffd_wp(pte);
 			} else if (is_device_public_page(new)) {
 				pte = pte_mkdevmap(pte);
 			}
@@ -2306,6 +2310,8 @@ static int migrate_vma_collect_pmd(pmd_t *pmdp,
 			swp_pte = swp_entry_to_pte(entry);
 			if (pte_soft_dirty(pte))
 				swp_pte = pte_swp_mksoft_dirty(swp_pte);
+			if (pte_uffd_wp(pte))
+				swp_pte = pte_swp_mkuffd_wp(swp_pte);
 			set_pte_at(mm, addr, ptep, swp_pte);
 
 			/*
mm/mprotect.c +17 -11
index c7066d7384e3..a63737d9884e 100644
@@ -139,11 +139,11 @@ static unsigned long change_pte_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
 			}
 			ptep_modify_prot_commit(vma, addr, pte, oldpte, ptent);
 			pages++;
-		} else if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MIGRATION)) {
+		} else if (is_swap_pte(oldpte)) {
 			swp_entry_t entry = pte_to_swp_entry(oldpte);
+			pte_t newpte;
 
 			if (is_write_migration_entry(entry)) {
-				pte_t newpte;
 				/*
 				 * A protection check is difficult so
 				 * just be safe and disable write
@@ -152,22 +152,28 @@ static unsigned long change_pte_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
 				newpte = swp_entry_to_pte(entry);
 				if (pte_swp_soft_dirty(oldpte))
 					newpte = pte_swp_mksoft_dirty(newpte);
-				set_pte_at(vma->vm_mm, addr, pte, newpte);
-
-				pages++;
-			}
-
-			if (is_write_device_private_entry(entry)) {
-				pte_t newpte;
-
+				if (pte_swp_uffd_wp(oldpte))
+					newpte = pte_swp_mkuffd_wp(newpte);
+			} else if (is_write_device_private_entry(entry)) {
 				/*
 				 * We do not preserve soft-dirtiness. See
 				 * copy_one_pte() for explanation.
 				 */
 				make_device_private_entry_read(&entry);
 				newpte = swp_entry_to_pte(entry);
-				set_pte_at(vma->vm_mm, addr, pte, newpte);
+				if (pte_swp_uffd_wp(oldpte))
+					newpte = pte_swp_mkuffd_wp(newpte);
+			} else {
+				newpte = oldpte;
+			}
 
+			if (uffd_wp)
+				newpte = pte_swp_mkuffd_wp(newpte);
+			else if (uffd_wp_resolve)
+				newpte = pte_swp_clear_uffd_wp(newpte);
+
+			if (!pte_same(oldpte, newpte)) {
+				set_pte_at(vma->vm_mm, addr, pte, newpte);
 				pages++;
 			}
 		}
mm/rmap.c +6 -0
index e5dfe2ae6b0d..dedde54dadb7 100644
@@ -1471,6 +1471,8 @@ static bool try_to_unmap_one(struct page *page, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 			swp_pte = swp_entry_to_pte(entry);
 			if (pte_soft_dirty(pteval))
 				swp_pte = pte_swp_mksoft_dirty(swp_pte);
+			if (pte_uffd_wp(pteval))
+				swp_pte = pte_swp_mkuffd_wp(swp_pte);
 			set_pte_at(mm, pvmw.address, pvmw.pte, swp_pte);
 			/*
 			 * No need to invalidate here it will synchronize on
@@ -1563,6 +1565,8 @@ static bool try_to_unmap_one(struct page *page, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 			swp_pte = swp_entry_to_pte(entry);
 			if (pte_soft_dirty(pteval))
 				swp_pte = pte_swp_mksoft_dirty(swp_pte);
+			if (pte_uffd_wp(pteval))
+				swp_pte = pte_swp_mkuffd_wp(swp_pte);
 			set_pte_at(mm, address, pvmw.pte, swp_pte);
 			/*
 			 * No need to invalidate here it will synchronize on
@@ -1629,6 +1633,8 @@ static bool try_to_unmap_one(struct page *page, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 			swp_pte = swp_entry_to_pte(entry);
 			if (pte_soft_dirty(pteval))
 				swp_pte = pte_swp_mksoft_dirty(swp_pte);
+			if (pte_uffd_wp(pteval))
+				swp_pte = pte_swp_mkuffd_wp(swp_pte);
 			set_pte_at(mm, address, pvmw.pte, swp_pte);
 			/* Invalidate as we cleared the pte */
 			mmu_notifier_invalidate_range(mm, address,
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
author reviewer
#22 lore raw

PATCH v5 16/25 khugepaged: skip collapse if uffd-wp detected

In reply to Peter Xu

Don't collapse the huge PMD if there is any userfault write protected small PTEs. The problem is that the write protection is in small page granularity and there's no way to keep all these write protection information if the small pages are going to be merged into a huge PMD.

The same thing needs to be considered for swap entries and migration entries. So do the check as well disregarding khugepaged_max_ptes_swap.

---
 include/trace/events/huge_memory.h |  1 +
 mm/khugepaged.c                    | 23 +++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 24 insertions(+)
include/trace/events/huge_memory.h +1 -0
index dd4db334bd63..2d7bad9cb976 100644
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 	EM( SCAN_PMD_NULL,		"pmd_null")			\
 	EM( SCAN_EXCEED_NONE_PTE,	"exceed_none_pte")		\
 	EM( SCAN_PTE_NON_PRESENT,	"pte_non_present")		\
+	EM( SCAN_PTE_UFFD_WP,		"pte_uffd_wp")			\
 	EM( SCAN_PAGE_RO,		"no_writable_page")		\
 	EM( SCAN_LACK_REFERENCED_PAGE,	"lack_referenced_page")		\
 	EM( SCAN_PAGE_NULL,		"page_null")			\
mm/khugepaged.c +23 -0
index 0f7419938008..fc40aa214be7 100644
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ enum scan_result {
 	SCAN_PMD_NULL,
 	SCAN_EXCEED_NONE_PTE,
 	SCAN_PTE_NON_PRESENT,
+	SCAN_PTE_UFFD_WP,
 	SCAN_PAGE_RO,
 	SCAN_LACK_REFERENCED_PAGE,
 	SCAN_PAGE_NULL,
@@ -1128,6 +1129,15 @@ static int khugepaged_scan_pmd(struct mm_struct *mm,
 		pte_t pteval = *_pte;
 		if (is_swap_pte(pteval)) {
 			if (++unmapped <= khugepaged_max_ptes_swap) {
+				/*
+				 * Always be strict with uffd-wp
+				 * enabled swap entries.  Please see
+				 * comment below for pte_uffd_wp().
+				 */
+				if (pte_swp_uffd_wp(pteval)) {
+					result = SCAN_PTE_UFFD_WP;
+					goto out_unmap;
+				}
 				continue;
 			} else {
 				result = SCAN_EXCEED_SWAP_PTE;
@@ -1147,6 +1157,19 @@ static int khugepaged_scan_pmd(struct mm_struct *mm,
 			result = SCAN_PTE_NON_PRESENT;
 			goto out_unmap;
 		}
+		if (pte_uffd_wp(pteval)) {
+			/*
+			 * Don't collapse the page if any of the small
+			 * PTEs are armed with uffd write protection.
+			 * Here we can also mark the new huge pmd as
+			 * write protected if any of the small ones is
+			 * marked but that could bring uknown
+			 * userfault messages that falls outside of
+			 * the registered range.  So, just be simple.
+			 */
+			result = SCAN_PTE_UFFD_WP;
+			goto out_unmap;
+		}
 		if (pte_write(pteval))
 			writable = true;
 
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
author reviewer
#23 lore raw

PATCH v5 17/25 userfaultfd: introduce helper vma_find_uffd

In reply to Peter Xu

We've have multiple (and more coming) places that would like to find a userfault enabled VMA from a mm struct that covers a specific memory range. This patch introduce the helper for it, meanwhile apply it to the code.

---
 mm/userfaultfd.c | 54 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------
 1 file changed, 30 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)
mm/userfaultfd.c +30 -24
index 5363376cb07a..6b9dd5b66f64 100644
@@ -20,6 +20,34 @@
 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
 #include "internal.h"
 
+/*
+ * Find a valid userfault enabled VMA region that covers the whole
+ * address range, or NULL on failure.  Must be called with mmap_sem
+ * held.
+ */
+static struct vm_area_struct *vma_find_uffd(struct mm_struct *mm,
+					    unsigned long start,
+					    unsigned long len)
+{
+	struct vm_area_struct *vma = find_vma(mm, start);
+
+	if (!vma)
+		return NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * Check the vma is registered in uffd, this is required to
+	 * enforce the VM_MAYWRITE check done at uffd registration
+	 * time.
+	 */
+	if (!vma->vm_userfaultfd_ctx.ctx)
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (start < vma->vm_start || start + len > vma->vm_end)
+		return NULL;
+
+	return vma;
+}
+
 static int mcopy_atomic_pte(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 			    pmd_t *dst_pmd,
 			    struct vm_area_struct *dst_vma,
@@ -228,20 +256,9 @@ static __always_inline ssize_t __mcopy_atomic_hugetlb(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 	 */
 	if (!dst_vma) {
 		err = -ENOENT;
-		dst_vma = find_vma(dst_mm, dst_start);
+		dst_vma = vma_find_uffd(dst_mm, dst_start, len);
 		if (!dst_vma || !is_vm_hugetlb_page(dst_vma))
 			goto out_unlock;
-		/*
-		 * Check the vma is registered in uffd, this is
-		 * required to enforce the VM_MAYWRITE check done at
-		 * uffd registration time.
-		 */
-		if (!dst_vma->vm_userfaultfd_ctx.ctx)
-			goto out_unlock;
-
-		if (dst_start < dst_vma->vm_start ||
-		    dst_start + len > dst_vma->vm_end)
-			goto out_unlock;
 
 		err = -EINVAL;
 		if (vma_hpagesize != vma_kernel_pagesize(dst_vma))
@@ -487,20 +504,9 @@ static __always_inline ssize_t __mcopy_atomic(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 	 * both valid and fully within a single existing vma.
 	 */
 	err = -ENOENT;
-	dst_vma = find_vma(dst_mm, dst_start);
+	dst_vma = vma_find_uffd(dst_mm, dst_start, len);
 	if (!dst_vma)
 		goto out_unlock;
-	/*
-	 * Check the vma is registered in uffd, this is required to
-	 * enforce the VM_MAYWRITE check done at uffd registration
-	 * time.
-	 */
-	if (!dst_vma->vm_userfaultfd_ctx.ctx)
-		goto out_unlock;
-
-	if (dst_start < dst_vma->vm_start ||
-	    dst_start + len > dst_vma->vm_end)
-		goto out_unlock;
 
 	err = -EINVAL;
 	/*
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
author reviewer
#24 lore raw

PATCH v5 18/25 userfaultfd: wp: support write protection for userfault vma range

In reply to Peter Xu

From: Shaohua Li <[email protected]>

Add API to enable/disable writeprotect a vma range. Unlike mprotect, this doesn't split/merge vmas.

Cc Andrea Arcangeli <[email protected]>
Cc Rik van Riel <[email protected]>
Cc Kirill A. Shutemov <[email protected]>
Cc Mel Gorman <[email protected]>
Cc Hugh Dickins <[email protected]>
Cc Johannes Weiner <[email protected]>

[peterx:
- use the helper to find VMA;
- return -ENOENT if not found to match mcopy case;
- use the new MM_CP_UFFD_WP* flags for change_protection
- check against mmap_changing for failures]

---
 include/linux/userfaultfd_k.h |  3 ++
 mm/userfaultfd.c              | 54 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 57 insertions(+)
include/linux/userfaultfd_k.h +3 -0
index dcd33172b728..a8e5f3ea9bb2 100644
@@ -41,6 +41,9 @@ extern ssize_t mfill_zeropage(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 			      unsigned long dst_start,
 			      unsigned long len,
 			      bool *mmap_changing);
+extern int mwriteprotect_range(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
+			       unsigned long start, unsigned long len,
+			       bool enable_wp, bool *mmap_changing);
 
 /* mm helpers */
 static inline bool is_mergeable_vm_userfaultfd_ctx(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
mm/userfaultfd.c +54 -0

57 lines not on this page · raw message

Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
author reviewer
#25 lore raw

PATCH v5 19/25 userfaultfd: wp: add the writeprotect API to userfaultfd ioctl

In reply to Peter Xu

From: Andrea Arcangeli <[email protected]>

v1: From: Shaohua Li <[email protected]>

v2: cleanups, remove a branch.

[peterx writes up the commit message, as below...]

This patch introduces the new uffd-wp APIs for userspace.

Firstly, we'll allow to do UFFDIO_REGISTER with write protection tracking using the new UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP flag. Note that this flag can co-exist with the existing UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING, in which case the userspace program can not only resolve missing page faults, and at the same time tracking page data changes along the way.

Secondly, we introduced the new UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT API to do page level write protection tracking. Note that we will need to register the memory region with UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP before that.

[peterx: remove useless block, write commit message, check against
VM_MAYWRITE rather than VM_WRITE when register]

---
 fs/userfaultfd.c                 | 82 +++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
 include/uapi/linux/userfaultfd.h | 23 +++++++++
 2 files changed, 89 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)
fs/userfaultfd.c +66 -16
index c594945ad5bf..3cf19aeaa0e0 100644
@@ -306,8 +306,11 @@ static inline bool userfaultfd_must_wait(struct userfaultfd_ctx *ctx,
 	if (!pmd_present(_pmd))
 		goto out;
 
-	if (pmd_trans_huge(_pmd))
+	if (pmd_trans_huge(_pmd)) {
+		if (!pmd_write(_pmd) && (reason & VM_UFFD_WP))
+			ret = true;
 		goto out;
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * the pmd is stable (as in !pmd_trans_unstable) so we can re-read it
@@ -320,6 +323,8 @@ static inline bool userfaultfd_must_wait(struct userfaultfd_ctx *ctx,
 	 */
 	if (pte_none(*pte))
 		ret = true;
+	if (!pte_write(*pte) && (reason & VM_UFFD_WP))
+		ret = true;
 	pte_unmap(pte);
 
 out:
@@ -1258,10 +1263,13 @@ static __always_inline int validate_range(struct mm_struct *mm,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static inline bool vma_can_userfault(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
+static inline bool vma_can_userfault(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
+				     unsigned long vm_flags)
 {
-	return vma_is_anonymous(vma) || is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma) ||
-		vma_is_shmem(vma);
+	/* FIXME: add WP support to hugetlbfs and shmem */
+	return vma_is_anonymous(vma) ||
+		((is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma) || vma_is_shmem(vma)) &&
+		 !(vm_flags & VM_UFFD_WP));
 }
 
 static int userfaultfd_register(struct userfaultfd_ctx *ctx,
@@ -1293,15 +1301,8 @@ static int userfaultfd_register(struct userfaultfd_ctx *ctx,
 	vm_flags = 0;
 	if (uffdio_register.mode & UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING)
 		vm_flags |= VM_UFFD_MISSING;
-	if (uffdio_register.mode & UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP) {
+	if (uffdio_register.mode & UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP)
 		vm_flags |= VM_UFFD_WP;
-		/*
-		 * FIXME: remove the below error constraint by
-		 * implementing the wprotect tracking mode.
-		 */
-		ret = -EINVAL;
-		goto out;
-	}
 
 	ret = validate_range(mm, uffdio_register.range.start,
 			     uffdio_register.range.len);
@@ -1351,7 +1352,7 @@ static int userfaultfd_register(struct userfaultfd_ctx *ctx,
 
 		/* check not compatible vmas */
 		ret = -EINVAL;
-		if (!vma_can_userfault(cur))
+		if (!vma_can_userfault(cur, vm_flags))
 			goto out_unlock;
 
 		/*
@@ -1379,6 +1380,8 @@ static int userfaultfd_register(struct userfaultfd_ctx *ctx,
 			if (end & (vma_hpagesize - 1))
 				goto out_unlock;
 		}
+		if ((vm_flags & VM_UFFD_WP) && !(cur->vm_flags & VM_MAYWRITE))
+			goto out_unlock;
 
 		/*
 		 * Check that this vma isn't already owned by a
@@ -1408,7 +1411,7 @@ static int userfaultfd_register(struct userfaultfd_ctx *ctx,
 	do {
 		cond_resched();
 
-		BUG_ON(!vma_can_userfault(vma));
+		BUG_ON(!vma_can_userfault(vma, vm_flags));
 		BUG_ON(vma->vm_userfaultfd_ctx.ctx &&
 		       vma->vm_userfaultfd_ctx.ctx != ctx);
 		WARN_ON(!(vma->vm_flags & VM_MAYWRITE));
@@ -1545,7 +1548,7 @@ static int userfaultfd_unregister(struct userfaultfd_ctx *ctx,
 		 * provides for more strict behavior to notice
 		 * unregistration errors.
 		 */
-		if (!vma_can_userfault(cur))
+		if (!vma_can_userfault(cur, cur->vm_flags))
 			goto out_unlock;
 
 		found = true;
@@ -1559,7 +1562,7 @@ static int userfaultfd_unregister(struct userfaultfd_ctx *ctx,
 	do {
 		cond_resched();
 
-		BUG_ON(!vma_can_userfault(vma));
+		BUG_ON(!vma_can_userfault(vma, vma->vm_flags));
 
 		/*
 		 * Nothing to do: this vma is already registered into this
@@ -1772,6 +1775,50 @@ static int userfaultfd_zeropage(struct userfaultfd_ctx *ctx,
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static int userfaultfd_writeprotect(struct userfaultfd_ctx *ctx,
+				    unsigned long arg)
+{
+	int ret;
+	struct uffdio_writeprotect uffdio_wp;
+	struct uffdio_writeprotect __user *user_uffdio_wp;
+	struct userfaultfd_wake_range range;
+
+	if (READ_ONCE(ctx->mmap_changing))
+		return -EAGAIN;
+
+	user_uffdio_wp = (struct uffdio_writeprotect __user *) arg;
+
+	if (copy_from_user(&uffdio_wp, user_uffdio_wp,
+			   sizeof(struct uffdio_writeprotect)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+
+	ret = validate_range(ctx->mm, uffdio_wp.range.start,
+			     uffdio_wp.range.len);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	if (uffdio_wp.mode & ~(UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_DONTWAKE |
+			       UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_WP))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if ((uffdio_wp.mode & UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_WP) &&
+	     (uffdio_wp.mode & UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_DONTWAKE))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	ret = mwriteprotect_range(ctx->mm, uffdio_wp.range.start,
+				  uffdio_wp.range.len, uffdio_wp.mode &
+				  UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_WP,
+				  &ctx->mmap_changing);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	if (!(uffdio_wp.mode & UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_DONTWAKE)) {
+		range.start = uffdio_wp.range.start;
+		range.len = uffdio_wp.range.len;
+		wake_userfault(ctx, &range);
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
 static inline unsigned int uffd_ctx_features(__u64 user_features)
 {
 	/*
@@ -1849,6 +1896,9 @@ static long userfaultfd_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned cmd,
 	case UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE:
 		ret = userfaultfd_zeropage(ctx, arg);
 		break;
+	case UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT:
+		ret = userfaultfd_writeprotect(ctx, arg);
+		break;
 	}
 	return ret;
 }
include/uapi/linux/userfaultfd.h +23 -0
index 340f23bc251d..95c4a160e5f8 100644
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@
 #define _UFFDIO_WAKE			(0x02)
 #define _UFFDIO_COPY			(0x03)
 #define _UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE		(0x04)
+#define _UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT		(0x06)
 #define _UFFDIO_API			(0x3F)
 
 /* userfaultfd ioctl ids */
@@ -68,6 +69,8 @@
 				      struct uffdio_copy)
 #define UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE		_IOWR(UFFDIO, _UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE,	\
 				      struct uffdio_zeropage)
+#define UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT	_IOWR(UFFDIO, _UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT, \
+				      struct uffdio_writeprotect)
 
 /* read() structure */
 struct uffd_msg {
@@ -232,4 +235,24 @@ struct uffdio_zeropage {
 	__s64 zeropage;
 };
 
+struct uffdio_writeprotect {
+	struct uffdio_range range;
+/*
+ * UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_WP: set the flag to write protect a range,
+ * unset the flag to undo protection of a range which was previously
+ * write protected.
+ *
+ * UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_DONTWAKE: set the flag to avoid waking up
+ * any wait thread after the operation succeeds.
+ *
+ * NOTE: Write protecting a region (WP=1) is unrelated to page faults,
+ * therefore DONTWAKE flag is meaningless with WP=1.  Removing write
+ * protection (WP=0) in response to a page fault wakes the faulting
+ * task unless DONTWAKE is set.
+ */
+#define UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_WP		((__u64)1<<0)
+#define UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_DONTWAKE	((__u64)1<<1)
+	__u64 mode;
+};
+
 #endif /* _LINUX_USERFAULTFD_H */
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
author reviewer
#26 lore raw

PATCH v5 20/25 userfaultfd: wp: enabled write protection in userfaultfd API

In reply to Peter Xu

From: Shaohua Li <[email protected]>

Now it's safe to enable write protection in userfaultfd API

Cc Andrea Arcangeli <[email protected]>
Cc Pavel Emelyanov <[email protected]>
Cc Rik van Riel <[email protected]>
Cc Kirill A. Shutemov <[email protected]>
Cc Mel Gorman <[email protected]>
Cc Hugh Dickins <[email protected]>
Cc Johannes Weiner <[email protected]>
---
 include/uapi/linux/userfaultfd.h | 6 ++++--
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
include/uapi/linux/userfaultfd.h +4 -2
index 95c4a160e5f8..e7e98bde221f 100644
@@ -19,7 +19,8 @@
  * means the userland is reading).
  */
 #define UFFD_API ((__u64)0xAA)
-#define UFFD_API_FEATURES (UFFD_FEATURE_EVENT_FORK |		\
+#define UFFD_API_FEATURES (UFFD_FEATURE_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WP |	\
+			   UFFD_FEATURE_EVENT_FORK |		\
 			   UFFD_FEATURE_EVENT_REMAP |		\
 			   UFFD_FEATURE_EVENT_REMOVE |	\
 			   UFFD_FEATURE_EVENT_UNMAP |		\
@@ -34,7 +35,8 @@
 #define UFFD_API_RANGE_IOCTLS			\
 	((__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_WAKE |		\
 	 (__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_COPY |		\
-	 (__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE)
+	 (__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE |		\
+	 (__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT)
 #define UFFD_API_RANGE_IOCTLS_BASIC		\
 	((__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_WAKE |		\
 	 (__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_COPY)
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
author reviewer
#27 lore raw

PATCH v5 21/25 userfaultfd: wp: don't wake up when doing write protect

In reply to Peter Xu

It does not make sense to try to wake up any waiting thread when we're write-protecting a memory region. Only wake up when resolving a write protected page fault.

---
 fs/userfaultfd.c | 13 ++++++++-----
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
fs/userfaultfd.c +8 -5
index 3cf19aeaa0e0..498971fa9163 100644
@@ -1782,6 +1782,7 @@ static int userfaultfd_writeprotect(struct userfaultfd_ctx *ctx,
 	struct uffdio_writeprotect uffdio_wp;
 	struct uffdio_writeprotect __user *user_uffdio_wp;
 	struct userfaultfd_wake_range range;
+	bool mode_wp, mode_dontwake;
 
 	if (READ_ONCE(ctx->mmap_changing))
 		return -EAGAIN;
@@ -1800,18 +1801,20 @@ static int userfaultfd_writeprotect(struct userfaultfd_ctx *ctx,
 	if (uffdio_wp.mode & ~(UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_DONTWAKE |
 			       UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_WP))
 		return -EINVAL;
-	if ((uffdio_wp.mode & UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_WP) &&
-	     (uffdio_wp.mode & UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_DONTWAKE))
+
+	mode_wp = uffdio_wp.mode & UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_WP;
+	mode_dontwake = uffdio_wp.mode & UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_DONTWAKE;
+
+	if (mode_wp && mode_dontwake)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	ret = mwriteprotect_range(ctx->mm, uffdio_wp.range.start,
-				  uffdio_wp.range.len, uffdio_wp.mode &
-				  UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_WP,
+				  uffdio_wp.range.len, mode_wp,
 				  &ctx->mmap_changing);
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
-	if (!(uffdio_wp.mode & UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_DONTWAKE)) {
+	if (!mode_wp && !mode_dontwake) {
 		range.start = uffdio_wp.range.start;
 		range.len = uffdio_wp.range.len;
 		wake_userfault(ctx, &range);
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
author reviewer
#28 lore raw

PATCH v5 22/25 userfaultfd: wp: UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP documentation update

In reply to Peter Xu

From: Martin Cracauer <[email protected]>

Adds documentation about the write protection support.

[peterx: rewrite in rst format; fixups here and there]
---
 Documentation/admin-guide/mm/userfaultfd.rst | 51 ++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 51 insertions(+)
Documentation/admin-guide/mm/userfaultfd.rst +51 -0
index 5048cf661a8a..c30176e67900 100644
@@ -108,6 +108,57 @@ UFFDIO_COPY. They're atomic as in guaranteeing that nothing can see an
 half copied page since it'll keep userfaulting until the copy has
 finished.
 
+Notes:
+
+- If you requested UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING when registering then
+  you must provide some kind of page in your thread after reading from
+  the uffd.  You must provide either UFFDIO_COPY or UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE.
+  The normal behavior of the OS automatically providing a zero page on
+  an annonymous mmaping is not in place.
+
+- None of the page-delivering ioctls default to the range that you
+  registered with.  You must fill in all fields for the appropriate
+  ioctl struct including the range.
+
+- You get the address of the access that triggered the missing page
+  event out of a struct uffd_msg that you read in the thread from the
+  uffd.  You can supply as many pages as you want with UFFDIO_COPY or
+  UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE.  Keep in mind that unless you used DONTWAKE then
+  the first of any of those IOCTLs wakes up the faulting thread.
+
+- Be sure to test for all errors including (pollfd[0].revents &
+  POLLERR).  This can happen, e.g. when ranges supplied were
+  incorrect.
+
+Write Protect Notifications
+---------------------------
+
+This is equivalent to (but faster than) using mprotect and a SIGSEGV
+signal handler.
+
+Firstly you need to register a range with UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP.
+Instead of using mprotect(2) you use ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT,
+struct *uffdio_writeprotect) while mode = UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_WP
+in the struct passed in.  The range does not default to and does not
+have to be identical to the range you registered with.  You can write
+protect as many ranges as you like (inside the registered range).
+Then, in the thread reading from uffd the struct will have
+msg.arg.pagefault.flags & UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WP set. Now you send
+ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT, struct *uffdio_writeprotect) again
+while pagefault.mode does not have UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_WP set.
+This wakes up the thread which will continue to run with writes. This
+allows you to do the bookkeeping about the write in the uffd reading
+thread before the ioctl.
+
+If you registered with both UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING and
+UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP then you need to think about the sequence in
+which you supply a page and undo write protect.  Note that there is a
+difference between writes into a WP area and into a !WP area.  The
+former will have UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WP set, the latter
+UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WRITE.  The latter did not fail on protection but
+you still need to supply a page when UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING was
+used.
+
 QEMU/KVM
 ========
 
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
author reviewer
#29 lore raw

PATCH v5 23/25 userfaultfd: wp: declare _UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT conditionally

In reply to Peter Xu

Only declare _UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT if the user specified UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP and if all the checks passed. Then when the user registers regions with shmem/hugetlbfs we won't expose the new ioctl to them. Even with complete anonymous memory range, we'll only expose the new WP ioctl bit if the register mode has MODE_WP.

---
 fs/userfaultfd.c | 16 +++++++++++++---
 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
fs/userfaultfd.c +13 -3
index 498971fa9163..4e1d7748224a 100644
@@ -1465,14 +1465,24 @@ static int userfaultfd_register(struct userfaultfd_ctx *ctx,
 	up_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
 	mmput(mm);
 	if (!ret) {
+		__u64 ioctls_out;
+
+		ioctls_out = basic_ioctls ? UFFD_API_RANGE_IOCTLS_BASIC :
+		    UFFD_API_RANGE_IOCTLS;
+
+		/*
+		 * Declare the WP ioctl only if the WP mode is
+		 * specified and all checks passed with the range
+		 */
+		if (!(uffdio_register.mode & UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP))
+			ioctls_out &= ~((__u64)1 << _UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT);
+
 		/*
 		 * Now that we scanned all vmas we can already tell
 		 * userland which ioctls methods are guaranteed to
 		 * succeed on this range.
 		 */
-		if (put_user(basic_ioctls ? UFFD_API_RANGE_IOCTLS_BASIC :
-			     UFFD_API_RANGE_IOCTLS,
-			     &user_uffdio_register->ioctls))
+		if (put_user(ioctls_out, &user_uffdio_register->ioctls))
 			ret = -EFAULT;
 	}
 out:
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
author reviewer
#30 lore raw

PATCH v5 24/25 userfaultfd: selftests: refactor statistics

In reply to Peter Xu

Introduce uffd_stats structure for statistics of the self test, at the same time refactor the code to always pass in the uffd_stats for either read() or poll() typed fault handling threads instead of using two different ways to return the statistic results. No functional change.

With the new structure, it's very easy to introduce new statistics.

---
 tools/testing/selftests/vm/userfaultfd.c | 76 +++++++++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 49 insertions(+), 27 deletions(-)
tools/testing/selftests/vm/userfaultfd.c +49 -27
index b3e6497b080c..417dbdf4d379 100644
@@ -88,6 +88,12 @@ static char *area_src, *area_src_alias, *area_dst, *area_dst_alias;
 static char *zeropage;
 pthread_attr_t attr;
 
+/* Userfaultfd test statistics */
+struct uffd_stats {
+	int cpu;
+	unsigned long missing_faults;
+};
+
 /* pthread_mutex_t starts at page offset 0 */
 #define area_mutex(___area, ___nr)					\
 	((pthread_mutex_t *) ((___area) + (___nr)*page_size))
@@ -127,6 +133,17 @@ static void usage(void)
 	exit(1);
 }
 
+static void uffd_stats_reset(struct uffd_stats *uffd_stats,
+			     unsigned long n_cpus)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < n_cpus; i++) {
+		uffd_stats[i].cpu = i;
+		uffd_stats[i].missing_faults = 0;
+	}
+}
+
 static int anon_release_pages(char *rel_area)
 {
 	int ret = 0;
@@ -469,8 +486,8 @@ static int uffd_read_msg(int ufd, struct uffd_msg *msg)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-/* Return 1 if page fault handled by us; otherwise 0 */
-static int uffd_handle_page_fault(struct uffd_msg *msg)
+static void uffd_handle_page_fault(struct uffd_msg *msg,
+				   struct uffd_stats *stats)
 {
 	unsigned long offset;
 
@@ -485,18 +502,19 @@ static int uffd_handle_page_fault(struct uffd_msg *msg)
 	offset = (char *)(unsigned long)msg->arg.pagefault.address - area_dst;
 	offset &= ~(page_size-1);
 
-	return copy_page(uffd, offset);
+	if (copy_page(uffd, offset))
+		stats->missing_faults++;
 }
 
 static void *uffd_poll_thread(void *arg)
 {
-	unsigned long cpu = (unsigned long) arg;
+	struct uffd_stats *stats = (struct uffd_stats *)arg;
+	unsigned long cpu = stats->cpu;
 	struct pollfd pollfd[2];
 	struct uffd_msg msg;
 	struct uffdio_register uffd_reg;
 	int ret;
 	char tmp_chr;
-	unsigned long userfaults = 0;
 
 	pollfd[0].fd = uffd;
 	pollfd[0].events = POLLIN;
@@ -526,7 +544,7 @@ static void *uffd_poll_thread(void *arg)
 				msg.event), exit(1);
 			break;
 		case UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT:
-			userfaults += uffd_handle_page_fault(&msg);
+			uffd_handle_page_fault(&msg, stats);
 			break;
 		case UFFD_EVENT_FORK:
 			close(uffd);
@@ -545,28 +563,27 @@ static void *uffd_poll_thread(void *arg)
 			break;
 		}
 	}
-	return (void *)userfaults;
+
+	return NULL;
 }
 
 pthread_mutex_t uffd_read_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
 
 static void *uffd_read_thread(void *arg)
 {
-	unsigned long *this_cpu_userfaults;
+	struct uffd_stats *stats = (struct uffd_stats *)arg;
 	struct uffd_msg msg;
 
-	this_cpu_userfaults = (unsigned long *) arg;
-	*this_cpu_userfaults = 0;
-
 	pthread_mutex_unlock(&uffd_read_mutex);
 	/* from here cancellation is ok */
 
 	for (;;) {
 		if (uffd_read_msg(uffd, &msg))
 			continue;
-		(*this_cpu_userfaults) += uffd_handle_page_fault(&msg);
+		uffd_handle_page_fault(&msg, stats);
 	}
-	return (void *)NULL;
+
+	return NULL;
 }
 
 static void *background_thread(void *arg)
@@ -582,13 +599,12 @@ static void *background_thread(void *arg)
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-static int stress(unsigned long *userfaults)
+static int stress(struct uffd_stats *uffd_stats)
 {
 	unsigned long cpu;
 	pthread_t locking_threads[nr_cpus];
 	pthread_t uffd_threads[nr_cpus];
 	pthread_t background_threads[nr_cpus];
-	void **_userfaults = (void **) userfaults;
 
 	finished = 0;
 	for (cpu = 0; cpu < nr_cpus; cpu++) {
@@ -597,12 +613,13 @@ static int stress(unsigned long *userfaults)
 			return 1;
 		if (bounces & BOUNCE_POLL) {
 			if (pthread_create(&uffd_threads[cpu], &attr,
-					   uffd_poll_thread, (void *)cpu))
+					   uffd_poll_thread,
+					   (void *)&uffd_stats[cpu]))
 				return 1;
 		} else {
 			if (pthread_create(&uffd_threads[cpu], &attr,
 					   uffd_read_thread,
-					   &_userfaults[cpu]))
+					   (void *)&uffd_stats[cpu]))
 				return 1;
 			pthread_mutex_lock(&uffd_read_mutex);
 		}
@@ -639,7 +656,8 @@ static int stress(unsigned long *userfaults)
 				fprintf(stderr, "pipefd write error\n");
 				return 1;
 			}
-			if (pthread_join(uffd_threads[cpu], &_userfaults[cpu]))
+			if (pthread_join(uffd_threads[cpu],
+					 (void *)&uffd_stats[cpu]))
 				return 1;
 		} else {
 			if (pthread_cancel(uffd_threads[cpu]))
@@ -910,11 +928,11 @@ static int userfaultfd_events_test(void)
 {
 	struct uffdio_register uffdio_register;
 	unsigned long expected_ioctls;
-	unsigned long userfaults;
 	pthread_t uffd_mon;
 	int err, features;
 	pid_t pid;
 	char c;
+	struct uffd_stats stats = { 0 };
 
 	printf("testing events (fork, remap, remove): ");
 	fflush(stdout);
@@ -941,7 +959,7 @@ static int userfaultfd_events_test(void)
 			"unexpected missing ioctl for anon memory\n"),
 			exit(1);
 
-	if (pthread_create(&uffd_mon, &attr, uffd_poll_thread, NULL))
+	if (pthread_create(&uffd_mon, &attr, uffd_poll_thread, &stats))
 		perror("uffd_poll_thread create"), exit(1);
 
 	pid = fork();
@@ -957,13 +975,13 @@ static int userfaultfd_events_test(void)
 
 	if (write(pipefd[1], &c, sizeof(c)) != sizeof(c))
 		perror("pipe write"), exit(1);
-	if (pthread_join(uffd_mon, (void **)&userfaults))
+	if (pthread_join(uffd_mon, NULL))
 		return 1;
 
 	close(uffd);
-	printf("userfaults: %ld\n", userfaults);
+	printf("userfaults: %ld\n", stats.missing_faults);
 
-	return userfaults != nr_pages;
+	return stats.missing_faults != nr_pages;
 }
 
 static int userfaultfd_sig_test(void)
@@ -975,6 +993,7 @@ static int userfaultfd_sig_test(void)
 	int err, features;
 	pid_t pid;
 	char c;
+	struct uffd_stats stats = { 0 };
 
 	printf("testing signal delivery: ");
 	fflush(stdout);
@@ -1006,7 +1025,7 @@ static int userfaultfd_sig_test(void)
 	if (uffd_test_ops->release_pages(area_dst))
 		return 1;
 
-	if (pthread_create(&uffd_mon, &attr, uffd_poll_thread, NULL))
+	if (pthread_create(&uffd_mon, &attr, uffd_poll_thread, &stats))
 		perror("uffd_poll_thread create"), exit(1);
 
 	pid = fork();
@@ -1032,6 +1051,7 @@ static int userfaultfd_sig_test(void)
 	close(uffd);
 	return userfaults != 0;
 }
+
 static int userfaultfd_stress(void)
 {
 	void *area;
@@ -1040,7 +1060,7 @@ static int userfaultfd_stress(void)
 	struct uffdio_register uffdio_register;
 	unsigned long cpu;
 	int err;
-	unsigned long userfaults[nr_cpus];
+	struct uffd_stats uffd_stats[nr_cpus];
 
 	uffd_test_ops->allocate_area((void **)&area_src);
 	if (!area_src)
@@ -1169,8 +1189,10 @@ static int userfaultfd_stress(void)
 		if (uffd_test_ops->release_pages(area_dst))
 			return 1;
 
+		uffd_stats_reset(uffd_stats, nr_cpus);
+
 		/* bounce pass */
-		if (stress(userfaults))
+		if (stress(uffd_stats))
 			return 1;
 
 		/* unregister */
@@ -1213,7 +1235,7 @@ static int userfaultfd_stress(void)
 
 		printf("userfaults:");
 		for (cpu = 0; cpu < nr_cpus; cpu++)
-			printf(" %lu", userfaults[cpu]);
+			printf(" %lu", uffd_stats[cpu].missing_faults);
 		printf("\n");
 	}
 
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
author reviewer
#31 lore raw

PATCH v5 25/25 userfaultfd: selftests: add write-protect test

In reply to Peter Xu

This patch adds uffd tests for write protection.

Instead of introducing new tests for it, let's simply squashing uffd-wp tests into existing uffd-missing test cases. Changes are:

(1) Bouncing tests

We do the write-protection in two ways during the bouncing test:

- By using UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_WP when resolving MISSING pages: then we'll make sure for each bounce process every single page will be at least fault twice: once for MISSING, once for WP.

- By direct call UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT on existing faulted memories:
To further torture the explicit page protection procedures of uffd-wp, we split each bounce procedure into two halves (in the background thread): the first half will be MISSING+WP for each page as explained above. After the first half, we write protect the faulted region in the background thread to make sure at least half of the pages will be write protected again which is the first half to test the new UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT call. Then we continue with the 2nd half, which will contain both MISSING and WP faulting tests for the 2nd half and WP-only faults from the 1st half.

(2) Event/Signal test

Mostly previous tests but will do MISSING+WP for each page. For sigbus-mode test we'll need to provide standalone path to handle the write protection faults.

For all tests, do statistics as well for uffd-wp pages.

---
 tools/testing/selftests/vm/userfaultfd.c | 157 +++++++++++++++++++----
 1 file changed, 133 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)
tools/testing/selftests/vm/userfaultfd.c +133 -24
index 417dbdf4d379..fa362fe311e3 100644
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@
 #include <linux/userfaultfd.h>
 #include <setjmp.h>
 #include <stdbool.h>
+#include <assert.h>
 
 #include "../kselftest.h"
 
@@ -78,6 +79,8 @@ static int test_type;
 #define ALARM_INTERVAL_SECS 10
 static volatile bool test_uffdio_copy_eexist = true;
 static volatile bool test_uffdio_zeropage_eexist = true;
+/* Whether to test uffd write-protection */
+static bool test_uffdio_wp = false;
 
 static bool map_shared;
 static int huge_fd;
@@ -92,6 +95,7 @@ pthread_attr_t attr;
 struct uffd_stats {
 	int cpu;
 	unsigned long missing_faults;
+	unsigned long wp_faults;
 };
 
 /* pthread_mutex_t starts at page offset 0 */
@@ -141,9 +145,29 @@ static void uffd_stats_reset(struct uffd_stats *uffd_stats,
 	for (i = 0; i < n_cpus; i++) {
 		uffd_stats[i].cpu = i;
 		uffd_stats[i].missing_faults = 0;
+		uffd_stats[i].wp_faults = 0;
 	}
 }
 
+static void uffd_stats_report(struct uffd_stats *stats, int n_cpus)
+{
+	int i;
+	unsigned long long miss_total = 0, wp_total = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < n_cpus; i++) {
+		miss_total += stats[i].missing_faults;
+		wp_total += stats[i].wp_faults;
+	}
+
+	printf("userfaults: %llu missing (", miss_total);
+	for (i = 0; i < n_cpus; i++)
+		printf("%lu+", stats[i].missing_faults);
+	printf("\b), %llu wp (", wp_total);
+	for (i = 0; i < n_cpus; i++)
+		printf("%lu+", stats[i].wp_faults);
+	printf("\b)\n");
+}
+
 static int anon_release_pages(char *rel_area)
 {
 	int ret = 0;
@@ -264,10 +288,15 @@ struct uffd_test_ops {
 	void (*alias_mapping)(__u64 *start, size_t len, unsigned long offset);
 };
 
-#define ANON_EXPECTED_IOCTLS		((1 << _UFFDIO_WAKE) | \
+#define SHMEM_EXPECTED_IOCTLS		((1 << _UFFDIO_WAKE) | \
 					 (1 << _UFFDIO_COPY) | \
 					 (1 << _UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE))
 
+#define ANON_EXPECTED_IOCTLS		((1 << _UFFDIO_WAKE) | \
+					 (1 << _UFFDIO_COPY) | \
+					 (1 << _UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE) | \
+					 (1 << _UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT))
+
 static struct uffd_test_ops anon_uffd_test_ops = {
 	.expected_ioctls = ANON_EXPECTED_IOCTLS,
 	.allocate_area	= anon_allocate_area,
@@ -276,7 +305,7 @@ static struct uffd_test_ops anon_uffd_test_ops = {
 };
 
 static struct uffd_test_ops shmem_uffd_test_ops = {
-	.expected_ioctls = ANON_EXPECTED_IOCTLS,
+	.expected_ioctls = SHMEM_EXPECTED_IOCTLS,
 	.allocate_area	= shmem_allocate_area,
 	.release_pages	= shmem_release_pages,
 	.alias_mapping = noop_alias_mapping,
@@ -300,6 +329,21 @@ static int my_bcmp(char *str1, char *str2, size_t n)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void wp_range(int ufd, __u64 start, __u64 len, bool wp)
+{
+	struct uffdio_writeprotect prms = { 0 };
+
+	/* Write protection page faults */
+	prms.range.start = start;
+	prms.range.len = len;
+	/* Undo write-protect, do wakeup after that */
+	prms.mode = wp ? UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT_MODE_WP : 0;
+
+	if (ioctl(ufd, UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT, &prms))
+		fprintf(stderr, "clear WP failed for address 0x%Lx\n",
+			start), exit(1);
+}
+
 static void *locking_thread(void *arg)
 {
 	unsigned long cpu = (unsigned long) arg;
@@ -438,7 +482,10 @@ static int __copy_page(int ufd, unsigned long offset, bool retry)
 	uffdio_copy.dst = (unsigned long) area_dst + offset;
 	uffdio_copy.src = (unsigned long) area_src + offset;
 	uffdio_copy.len = page_size;
-	uffdio_copy.mode = 0;
+	if (test_uffdio_wp)
+		uffdio_copy.mode = UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_WP;
+	else
+		uffdio_copy.mode = 0;
 	uffdio_copy.copy = 0;
 	if (ioctl(ufd, UFFDIO_COPY, &uffdio_copy)) {
 		/* real retval in ufdio_copy.copy */
@@ -495,15 +542,21 @@ static void uffd_handle_page_fault(struct uffd_msg *msg,
 		fprintf(stderr, "unexpected msg event %u\n",
 			msg->event), exit(1);
 
-	if (bounces & BOUNCE_VERIFY &&
-	    msg->arg.pagefault.flags & UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WRITE)
-		fprintf(stderr, "unexpected write fault\n"), exit(1);
+	if (msg->arg.pagefault.flags & UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WP) {
+		wp_range(uffd, msg->arg.pagefault.address, page_size, false);
+		stats->wp_faults++;
+	} else {
+		/* Missing page faults */
+		if (bounces & BOUNCE_VERIFY &&
+		    msg->arg.pagefault.flags & UFFD_PAGEFAULT_FLAG_WRITE)
+			fprintf(stderr, "unexpected write fault\n"), exit(1);
 
-	offset = (char *)(unsigned long)msg->arg.pagefault.address - area_dst;
-	offset &= ~(page_size-1);
+		offset = (char *)(unsigned long)msg->arg.pagefault.address - area_dst;
+		offset &= ~(page_size-1);
 
-	if (copy_page(uffd, offset))
-		stats->missing_faults++;
+		if (copy_page(uffd, offset))
+			stats->missing_faults++;
+	}
 }
 
 static void *uffd_poll_thread(void *arg)
@@ -589,11 +642,30 @@ static void *uffd_read_thread(void *arg)
 static void *background_thread(void *arg)
 {
 	unsigned long cpu = (unsigned long) arg;
-	unsigned long page_nr;
+	unsigned long page_nr, start_nr, mid_nr, end_nr;
+
+	start_nr = cpu * nr_pages_per_cpu;
+	end_nr = (cpu+1) * nr_pages_per_cpu;
+	mid_nr = (start_nr + end_nr) / 2;
+
+	/* Copy the first half of the pages */
+	for (page_nr = start_nr; page_nr < mid_nr; page_nr++)
+		copy_page_retry(uffd, page_nr * page_size);
 
-	for (page_nr = cpu * nr_pages_per_cpu;
-	     page_nr < (cpu+1) * nr_pages_per_cpu;
-	     page_nr++)
+	/*
+	 * If we need to test uffd-wp, set it up now.  Then we'll have
+	 * at least the first half of the pages mapped already which
+	 * can be write-protected for testing
+	 */
+	if (test_uffdio_wp)
+		wp_range(uffd, (unsigned long)area_dst + start_nr * page_size,
+			nr_pages_per_cpu * page_size, true);
+
+	/*
+	 * Continue the 2nd half of the page copying, handling write
+	 * protection faults if any
+	 */
+	for (page_nr = mid_nr; page_nr < end_nr; page_nr++)
 		copy_page_retry(uffd, page_nr * page_size);
 
 	return NULL;
@@ -755,17 +827,31 @@ static int faulting_process(int signal_test)
 	}
 
 	for (nr = 0; nr < split_nr_pages; nr++) {
+		int steps = 1;
+		unsigned long offset = nr * page_size;
+
 		if (signal_test) {
 			if (sigsetjmp(*sigbuf, 1) != 0) {
-				if (nr == lastnr) {
+				if (steps == 1 && nr == lastnr) {
 					fprintf(stderr, "Signal repeated\n");
 					return 1;
 				}
 
 				lastnr = nr;
 				if (signal_test == 1) {
-					if (copy_page(uffd, nr * page_size))
-						signalled++;
+					if (steps == 1) {
+						/* This is a MISSING request */
+						steps++;
+						if (copy_page(uffd, offset))
+							signalled++;
+					} else {
+						/* This is a WP request */
+						assert(steps == 2);
+						wp_range(uffd,
+							 (__u64)area_dst +
+							 offset,
+							 page_size, false);
+					}
 				} else {
 					signalled++;
 					continue;
@@ -778,8 +864,13 @@ static int faulting_process(int signal_test)
 			fprintf(stderr,
 				"nr %lu memory corruption %Lu %Lu\n",
 				nr, count,
-				count_verify[nr]), exit(1);
-		}
+				count_verify[nr]);
+	        }
+		/*
+		 * Trigger write protection if there is by writting
+		 * the same value back.
+		 */
+		*area_count(area_dst, nr) = count;
 	}
 
 	if (signal_test)
@@ -801,6 +892,11 @@ static int faulting_process(int signal_test)
 				nr, count,
 				count_verify[nr]), exit(1);
 		}
+		/*
+		 * Trigger write protection if there is by writting
+		 * the same value back.
+		 */
+		*area_count(area_dst, nr) = count;
 	}
 
 	if (uffd_test_ops->release_pages(area_dst))
@@ -904,6 +1000,8 @@ static int userfaultfd_zeropage_test(void)
 	uffdio_register.range.start = (unsigned long) area_dst;
 	uffdio_register.range.len = nr_pages * page_size;
 	uffdio_register.mode = UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING;
+	if (test_uffdio_wp)
+		uffdio_register.mode |= UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP;
 	if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_REGISTER, &uffdio_register))
 		fprintf(stderr, "register failure\n"), exit(1);
 
@@ -949,6 +1047,8 @@ static int userfaultfd_events_test(void)
 	uffdio_register.range.start = (unsigned long) area_dst;
 	uffdio_register.range.len = nr_pages * page_size;
 	uffdio_register.mode = UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING;
+	if (test_uffdio_wp)
+		uffdio_register.mode |= UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP;
 	if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_REGISTER, &uffdio_register))
 		fprintf(stderr, "register failure\n"), exit(1);
 
@@ -979,7 +1079,8 @@ static int userfaultfd_events_test(void)
 		return 1;
 
 	close(uffd);
-	printf("userfaults: %ld\n", stats.missing_faults);
+
+	uffd_stats_report(&stats, 1);
 
 	return stats.missing_faults != nr_pages;
 }
@@ -1009,6 +1110,8 @@ static int userfaultfd_sig_test(void)
 	uffdio_register.range.start = (unsigned long) area_dst;
 	uffdio_register.range.len = nr_pages * page_size;
 	uffdio_register.mode = UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING;
+	if (test_uffdio_wp)
+		uffdio_register.mode |= UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP;
 	if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_REGISTER, &uffdio_register))
 		fprintf(stderr, "register failure\n"), exit(1);
 
@@ -1141,6 +1244,8 @@ static int userfaultfd_stress(void)
 		uffdio_register.range.start = (unsigned long) area_dst;
 		uffdio_register.range.len = nr_pages * page_size;
 		uffdio_register.mode = UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_MISSING;
+		if (test_uffdio_wp)
+			uffdio_register.mode |= UFFDIO_REGISTER_MODE_WP;
 		if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_REGISTER, &uffdio_register)) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "register failure\n");
 			return 1;
@@ -1195,6 +1300,11 @@ static int userfaultfd_stress(void)
 		if (stress(uffd_stats))
 			return 1;
 
+		/* Clear all the write protections if there is any */
+		if (test_uffdio_wp)
+			wp_range(uffd, (unsigned long)area_dst,
+				 nr_pages * page_size, false);
+
 		/* unregister */
 		if (ioctl(uffd, UFFDIO_UNREGISTER, &uffdio_register.range)) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "unregister failure\n");
@@ -1233,10 +1343,7 @@ static int userfaultfd_stress(void)
 		area_src_alias = area_dst_alias;
 		area_dst_alias = tmp_area;
 
-		printf("userfaults:");
-		for (cpu = 0; cpu < nr_cpus; cpu++)
-			printf(" %lu", uffd_stats[cpu].missing_faults);
-		printf("\n");
+		uffd_stats_report(uffd_stats, nr_cpus);
 	}
 
 	if (err)
@@ -1276,6 +1383,8 @@ static void set_test_type(const char *type)
 	if (!strcmp(type, "anon")) {
 		test_type = TEST_ANON;
 		uffd_test_ops = &anon_uffd_test_ops;
+		/* Only enable write-protect test for anonymous test */
+		test_uffdio_wp = true;
 	} else if (!strcmp(type, "hugetlb")) {
 		test_type = TEST_HUGETLB;
 		uffd_test_ops = &hugetlb_uffd_test_ops;
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0
#32 lore raw

Re: [PATCH v5 10/25] userfaultfd: wp: add UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_WP

In reply to Peter Xu

Hello

Quoted 89 lines · On Thu, 20 Jun 2019 10:19:53 +0800 Peter Xu <[email protected]> wrote:

From: Andrea Arcangeli <[email protected]>

This allows UFFDIO_COPY to map pages write-protected.

[peterx: switch to VM_WARN_ON_ONCE in mfill_atomic_pte; add brackets
around "dst_vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE"; fix wordings in comments and commit messages]

---
 fs/userfaultfd.c                 |  5 +++--
 include/linux/userfaultfd_k.h    |  2 +-
 include/uapi/linux/userfaultfd.h | 11 +++++-----
 mm/userfaultfd.c                 | 36 ++++++++++++++++++++++----------
 4 files changed, 35 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)
fs/userfaultfd.c +3 -2
index 5dbef45ecbf5..c594945ad5bf 100644
@@ -1694,11 +1694,12 @@ static int userfaultfd_copy(struct userfaultfd_ctx *ctx,
 	ret = -EINVAL;
 	if (uffdio_copy.src + uffdio_copy.len <= uffdio_copy.src)
 		goto out;
-	if (uffdio_copy.mode & ~UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_DONTWAKE)
+	if (uffdio_copy.mode & ~(UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_DONTWAKE|UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_WP))
 		goto out;
 	if (mmget_not_zero(ctx->mm)) {
 		ret = mcopy_atomic(ctx->mm, uffdio_copy.dst, uffdio_copy.src,
-				   uffdio_copy.len, &ctx->mmap_changing);
+				   uffdio_copy.len, &ctx->mmap_changing,
+				   uffdio_copy.mode);
 		mmput(ctx->mm);
 	} else {
 		return -ESRCH;
include/linux/userfaultfd_k.h +1 -1
index 7b91b76aac58..dcd33172b728 100644
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ extern vm_fault_t handle_userfault(struct vm_fault *vmf, unsigned long reason);
 
 extern ssize_t mcopy_atomic(struct mm_struct *dst_mm, unsigned long dst_start,
 			    unsigned long src_start, unsigned long len,
-			    bool *mmap_changing);
+			    bool *mmap_changing, __u64 mode);
 extern ssize_t mfill_zeropage(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 			      unsigned long dst_start,
 			      unsigned long len,
include/uapi/linux/userfaultfd.h +6 -5
index 48f1a7c2f1f0..340f23bc251d 100644
@@ -203,13 +203,14 @@ struct uffdio_copy {
 	__u64 dst;
 	__u64 src;
 	__u64 len;
+#define UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_DONTWAKE		((__u64)1<<0)
 	/*
-	 * There will be a wrprotection flag later that allows to map
-	 * pages wrprotected on the fly. And such a flag will be
-	 * available if the wrprotection ioctl are implemented for the
-	 * range according to the uffdio_register.ioctls.
+	 * UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_WP will map the page write protected on
+	 * the fly.  UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_WP is available only if the
+	 * write protected ioctl is implemented for the range
+	 * according to the uffdio_register.ioctls.
 	 */
-#define UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_DONTWAKE		((__u64)1<<0)
+#define UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_WP			((__u64)1<<1)
 	__u64 mode;
 
 	/*
mm/userfaultfd.c +2 -1
index 9932d5755e4c..c8e7846e9b7e 100644
@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@ static int mcopy_atomic_pte(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 			    struct vm_area_struct *dst_vma,
 			    unsigned long dst_addr,
 			    unsigned long src_addr,
-			    struct page **pagep)
+			    struct page **pagep,
+			    bool wp_copy)
 {
 	struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
 	pte_t _dst_pte, *dst_pte;

mm/userfaultfd.c static int mcopy_atomic_pte(struct mm_struct *dst_mm, · line 75

Quoted 7 lines
mm/userfaultfd.c +1 -3
@@ -71,9 +72,9 @@ static int mcopy_atomic_pte(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 	if (mem_cgroup_try_charge(page, dst_mm, GFP_KERNEL, &memcg, false))
 		goto out_release;
 
-	_dst_pte = mk_pte(page, dst_vma->vm_page_prot);
-	if (dst_vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE)
-		_dst_pte = pte_mkwrite(pte_mkdirty(_dst_pte));
+	_dst_pte = pte_mkdirty(mk_pte(page, dst_vma->vm_page_prot));

Make a dirty pte if the memory region is writable, imho.

Quoted 94 lines
mm/userfaultfd.c +22 -7
+	if ((dst_vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE) && !wp_copy)
+		_dst_pte = pte_mkwrite(_dst_pte);
 
 	dst_pte = pte_offset_map_lock(dst_mm, dst_pmd, dst_addr, &ptl);
 	if (dst_vma->vm_file) {
@@ -398,7 +399,8 @@ static __always_inline ssize_t mfill_atomic_pte(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 						unsigned long dst_addr,
 						unsigned long src_addr,
 						struct page **page,
-						bool zeropage)
+						bool zeropage,
+						bool wp_copy)
 {
 	ssize_t err;
 
@@ -415,11 +417,13 @@ static __always_inline ssize_t mfill_atomic_pte(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 	if (!(dst_vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED)) {
 		if (!zeropage)
 			err = mcopy_atomic_pte(dst_mm, dst_pmd, dst_vma,
-					       dst_addr, src_addr, page);
+					       dst_addr, src_addr, page,
+					       wp_copy);
 		else
 			err = mfill_zeropage_pte(dst_mm, dst_pmd,
 						 dst_vma, dst_addr);
 	} else {
+		VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(wp_copy);
 		if (!zeropage)
 			err = shmem_mcopy_atomic_pte(dst_mm, dst_pmd,
 						     dst_vma, dst_addr,
@@ -437,7 +441,8 @@ static __always_inline ssize_t __mcopy_atomic(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 					      unsigned long src_start,
 					      unsigned long len,
 					      bool zeropage,
-					      bool *mmap_changing)
+					      bool *mmap_changing,
+					      __u64 mode)
 {
 	struct vm_area_struct *dst_vma;
 	ssize_t err;
@@ -445,6 +450,7 @@ static __always_inline ssize_t __mcopy_atomic(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 	unsigned long src_addr, dst_addr;
 	long copied;
 	struct page *page;
+	bool wp_copy;
 
 	/*
 	 * Sanitize the command parameters:
@@ -501,6 +507,14 @@ static __always_inline ssize_t __mcopy_atomic(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 	    dst_vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED))
 		goto out_unlock;
 
+	/*
+	 * validate 'mode' now that we know the dst_vma: don't allow
+	 * a wrprotect copy if the userfaultfd didn't register as WP.
+	 */
+	wp_copy = mode & UFFDIO_COPY_MODE_WP;
+	if (wp_copy && !(dst_vma->vm_flags & VM_UFFD_WP))
+		goto out_unlock;
+
 	/*
 	 * If this is a HUGETLB vma, pass off to appropriate routine
 	 */
@@ -556,7 +570,7 @@ static __always_inline ssize_t __mcopy_atomic(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 		BUG_ON(pmd_trans_huge(*dst_pmd));
 
 		err = mfill_atomic_pte(dst_mm, dst_pmd, dst_vma, dst_addr,
-				       src_addr, &page, zeropage);
+				       src_addr, &page, zeropage, wp_copy);
 		cond_resched();
 
 		if (unlikely(err == -ENOENT)) {
@@ -603,14 +617,14 @@ static __always_inline ssize_t __mcopy_atomic(struct mm_struct *dst_mm,
 
 ssize_t mcopy_atomic(struct mm_struct *dst_mm, unsigned long dst_start,
 		     unsigned long src_start, unsigned long len,
-		     bool *mmap_changing)
+		     bool *mmap_changing, __u64 mode)
 {
 	return __mcopy_atomic(dst_mm, dst_start, src_start, len, false,
-			      mmap_changing);
+			      mmap_changing, mode);
 }
 
 ssize_t mfill_zeropage(struct mm_struct *dst_mm, unsigned long start,
 		       unsigned long len, bool *mmap_changing)
 {
-	return __mcopy_atomic(dst_mm, start, 0, len, true, mmap_changing);
+	return __mcopy_atomic(dst_mm, start, 0, len, true, mmap_changing, 0);
 }
Signature · 1 line
2.21.0

Hillf

Tested-by on the v5 series
#33 lore raw
In reply to Peter Xu
Quoted 7 lines · Peter Xu

This series implements initial write protection support for userfaultfd. Currently both shmem and hugetlbfs are not supported yet, but only anonymous memory. This is the 4nd version of it.

The latest code can also be found at:

https://github.com/xzpeter/linux/tree/uffd-wp-merged

Hi Peter - I ported the branch you had above on top of v5.4.20 (what I happened to be running locally), and fixed one issue that was causing crashes for me:
https://github.com/bpowers/linux/commit/61086b5a0fa4aeb494e86d999926551a4323b84f

I wrote a small test program here:
https://github.com/plasma-umass/Mesh/blob/master/src/test/userfaultfd-kernel-copy.cc
and write protection support for userfaultfd (with eventual shmem support) would be _hugely_ helpful for a userspace memory allocator I'm working on.

Is there anything I can do to help get this considered for mainline? We have some time before the 5.7 merge window opens up.

author reviewer
#34 lore raw
Quoted 5 lines · Bobby Powers
Quoted 4 lines · Peter Xu

This series implements initial write protection support for userfaultfd. Currently both shmem and hugetlbfs are not supported yet, but only anonymous memory. This is the 4nd version of it.

Quoted 8 lines
Quoted 3 lines

The latest code can also be found at:

https://github.com/xzpeter/linux/tree/uffd-wp-merged

Hi Peter - I ported the branch you had above on top of v5.4.20 (what I happened to be running locally), and fixed one issue that was causing crashes for me:
https://github.com/bpowers/linux/commit/61086b5a0fa4aeb494e86d999926551a4323b84f

Hi, Bobby,

Thanks for playing with the branch!

Yes, this should be needed if you have 7d0325749a6c ("userfaultfd:
untag user pointers", 2019-09-25) in your base branch where the address is replaced by its pointer.

Quoted 2 lines

I wrote a small test program here:
https://github.com/plasma-umass/Mesh/blob/master/src/test/userfaultfd-kernel-copy.cc

Just FYI that there's some other tests/libraries over there [1,2]. Also the series has the uffd selftest for write-protection as well.

Quoted 5 lines

and write protection support for userfaultfd (with eventual shmem support) would be _hugely_ helpful for a userspace memory allocator I'm working on. Is there anything I can do to help get this considered for mainline? We have some time before the 5.7 merge window opens up. Tested-by: Bobby Powers <[email protected]>

Thanks for the tag! Yes it would be great if we can continue to work on those, but for now let's see whether we can move on what we have first (it's already two series without much certainty on whether it could get merged soon). Considering that we've got quite a few pings again for either the mm retry series and the write-protect work, I'll rebase the two series, test & post soon this week. I'll keep you in the loop.

Thanks,

[1] https://github.com/LLNL/umap
[2] https://github.com/xzpeter/clibs/blob/master/gpl/userspace/uffd-test/uffd-test.c

Signature · 1 line
Peter Xu