Fix html build with Sphinx 3.1 and above

index cbac8e608dc4..35805c44a4fc 100644
@@ -40,14 +40,56 @@ from sphinx import addnodes
 from sphinx.domains.c import c_funcptr_sig_re, c_sig_re
 from sphinx.domains.c import CObject as Base_CObject
 from sphinx.domains.c import CDomain as Base_CDomain
+from itertools import chain
+import re
 
-__version__  = '1.0'
+__version__  = '1.1'
 
 # Get Sphinx version
 major, minor, patch = sphinx.version_info[:3]
 
+# Namespace to be prepended to the full name
+namespace = None
+
+#
+# Handle trivial newer c domain tags that are part of Sphinx 3.1 c domain tags
+# - Store the namespace if ".. c:namespace::" tag is found
+
+RE_namespace = re.compile(r'^\s*..\s*c:namespace::\s*(\S+)\s*$')
+
+def markup_namespace(match):
+    global namespace
+
+    namespace = match.group(1)
+
+    return ""
+
+def c_markups(app, docname, source):
+    result = ""
+    markup_func = {
+        RE_namespace: markup_namespace,
+    }
+
+    lines = iter(source[0].splitlines(True))
+    for n in lines:
+        match_iterators = [regex.finditer(n) for regex in markup_func]
+        matches = sorted(chain(*match_iterators), key=lambda m: m.start())
+        for m in matches:
+            n = n[:m.start()] + markup_func[m.re](m) + n[m.end():]
+
+        result = result + n
+
+    source[0] = result
+
+#
+# Now implements support for the cdomain namespacing logic
+#
+
 def setup(app):
 
+    # Handle easy Sphinx 3.1+ simple new tags: :c:expr and .. c:namespace::
+    app.connect('source-read', c_markups)
+
     if (major == 1 and minor < 8):
         app.override_domain(CDomain)
     else:

@@ -75,6 +117,8 @@ class CObject(Base_CObject):
         function-like macro, the name of the macro is returned. Otherwise
         ``False`` is returned.  """
 
+        global namespace
+
         if not self.objtype == 'function':
             return False
 

@@ -107,11 +151,16 @@ class CObject(Base_CObject):
             param += nodes.emphasis(argname, argname)
             paramlist += param
 
+        if namespace:
+            fullname = namespace + "." + fullname
+
         return fullname
 
     def handle_signature(self, sig, signode):
         """Transform a C signature into RST nodes."""
 
+        global namespace
+
         fullname = self.handle_func_like_macro(sig, signode)
         if not fullname:
             fullname = super(CObject, self).handle_signature(sig, signode)

@@ -122,6 +171,10 @@ class CObject(Base_CObject):
             else:
                 # FIXME: handle :name: value of other declaration types?
                 pass
+        else:
+            if namespace:
+                fullname = namespace + "." + fullname
+
         return fullname
 
     def add_target_and_index(self, name, sig, signode):

index 35805c44a4fc..014a5229e57a 100644
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ namespace = None
 #
 # Handle trivial newer c domain tags that are part of Sphinx 3.1 c domain tags
 # - Store the namespace if ".. c:namespace::" tag is found
-
+#
 RE_namespace = re.compile(r'^\s*..\s*c:namespace::\s*(\S+)\s*$')
 
 def markup_namespace(match):

@@ -64,10 +64,48 @@ def markup_namespace(match):
 
     return ""
 
+#
+# Handle c:macro for function-style declaration
+#
+RE_macro = re.compile(r'^\s*..\s*c:macro::\s*(\S+)\s+(\S.*)\s*$')
+def markup_macro(match):
+    return ".. c:function:: " + match.group(1) + ' ' + match.group(2)
+
+#
+# Handle newer c domain tags that are evaluated as .. c:type: for
+# backward-compatibility with Sphinx < 3.0
+#
+RE_ctype = re.compile(r'^\s*..\s*c:(struct|union|enum|enumerator|alias)::\s*(.*)$')
+
+def markup_ctype(match):
+    return ".. c:type:: " + match.group(2)
+
+#
+# Handle newer c domain tags that are evaluated as :c:type: for
+# backward-compatibility with Sphinx < 3.0
+#
+RE_ctype_refs = re.compile(r':c:(var|struct|union|enum|enumerator)::`([^\`]+)`')
+def markup_ctype_refs(match):
+    return ":c:type:`" + match.group(2) + '`'
+
+#
+# Simply convert :c:expr: and :c:texpr: into a literal block.
+#
+RE_expr = re.compile(r':c:(expr|texpr):`([^\`]+)`')
+def markup_c_expr(match):
+    return '\ ``' + match.group(2) + '``\ '
+
+#
+# Parse Sphinx 3.x C markups, replacing them by backward-compatible ones
+#
 def c_markups(app, docname, source):
     result = ""
     markup_func = {
         RE_namespace: markup_namespace,
+        RE_expr: markup_c_expr,
+        RE_macro: markup_macro,
+        RE_ctype: markup_ctype,
+        RE_ctype_refs: markup_ctype_refs,
     }
 
     lines = iter(source[0].splitlines(True))

index 0a102d57437d..3875401486de 100644
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ needs_sphinx = '1.3'
 # extensions coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom
 # ones.
 extensions = ['kerneldoc', 'rstFlatTable', 'kernel_include',
-              'kfigure', 'sphinx.ext.ifconfig', 'automarkup',
+              'kfigure', 'sphinx.ext.ifconfig',
               'maintainers_include', 'sphinx.ext.autosectionlabel' ]
 
 #

@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ if major >= 3:
 	''')
 else:
     extensions.append('cdomain')
+    extensions.append('automarkup')
 
 # Ensure that autosectionlabel will produce unique names
 autosectionlabel_prefix_document = True

index 724528f4b7d6..3efc06d6f82d 100755
@@ -271,6 +271,8 @@ if ($#ARGV == -1) {
 }
 
 my $kernelversion;
+my $sphinx_major;
+
 my $dohighlight = "";
 
 my $verbose = 0;

@@ -465,6 +467,43 @@ while ($ARGV[0] =~ m/^--?(.*)/) {
 
 # continue execution near EOF;
 
+# The C domain dialect changed on Sphinx 3. So, we need to check the
+# version in order to produce the right tags.
+sub findprog($)
+{
+	foreach(split(/:/, $ENV{PATH})) {
+		return "$_/$_[0]" if(-x "$_/$_[0]");
+	}
+}
+
+sub get_sphinx_version()
+{
+	my $ver;
+	my $major = 1;
+
+	my $cmd = "sphinx-build";
+	if (!findprog($cmd)) {
+		my $cmd = "sphinx-build3";
+		return $major if (!findprog($cmd));
+	}
+
+	open IN, "$cmd --version 2>&1 |";
+	while (<IN>) {
+		if (m/^\s*sphinx-build\s+([\d]+)\.([\d\.]+)(\+\/[\da-f]+)?$/) {
+			$major=$1;
+			last;
+		}
+		# Sphinx 1.2.x uses a different format
+		if (m/^\s*Sphinx.*\s+([\d]+)\.([\d\.]+)$/) {
+			$major=$1;
+			last;
+		}
+	}
+	close IN;
+
+	return $major;
+}
+
 # get kernel version from env
 sub get_kernel_version() {
     my $version = 'unknown kernel version';

@@ -848,7 +887,11 @@ sub output_function_rst(%) {
     my $start = "";
 
     if ($args{'typedef'}) {
-	print ".. c:type:: ". $args{'function'} . "\n\n";
+	if ($sphinx_major < 3) {
+	    print ".. c:type:: ". $args{'function'} . "\n\n";
+	} else {
+	    print ".. c:function:: ". $args{'function'} . "\n\n";
+	}
 	print_lineno($declaration_start_line);
 	print "   **Typedef**: ";
 	$lineprefix = "";

@@ -938,9 +981,14 @@ sub output_enum_rst(%) {
     my ($parameter);
     my $oldprefix = $lineprefix;
     my $count;
-    my $name = "enum " . $args{'enum'};
 
-    print "\n\n.. c:type:: " . $name . "\n\n";
+    if ($sphinx_major < 3) {
+	my $name = "enum " . $args{'enum'};
+	print "\n\n.. c:type:: " . $name . "\n\n";
+    } else {
+	my $name = $args{'enum'};
+	print "\n\n.. c:enum:: " . $name . "\n\n";
+    }
     print_lineno($declaration_start_line);
     $lineprefix = "   ";
     output_highlight_rst($args{'purpose'});

@@ -966,8 +1014,13 @@ sub output_typedef_rst(%) {
     my %args = %{$_[0]};
     my ($parameter);
     my $oldprefix = $lineprefix;
-    my $name = "typedef " . $args{'typedef'};
+    my $name;
 
+    if ($sphinx_major < 3) {
+	$name = "typedef " . $args{'typedef'};
+    } else {
+	$name = $args{'typedef'};
+    }
     print "\n\n.. c:type:: " . $name . "\n\n";
     print_lineno($declaration_start_line);
     $lineprefix = "   ";

@@ -982,9 +1035,14 @@ sub output_struct_rst(%) {
     my %args = %{$_[0]};
     my ($parameter);
     my $oldprefix = $lineprefix;
-    my $name = $args{'type'} . " " . $args{'struct'};
 
-    print "\n\n.. c:type:: " . $name . "\n\n";
+    if ($sphinx_major < 3) {
+	my $name = $args{'type'} . " " . $args{'struct'};
+	print "\n\n.. c:type:: " . $name . "\n\n";
+    } else {
+	my $name = $args{'struct'};
+	print "\n\n.. c:struct:: " . $name . "\n\n";
+    }
     print_lineno($declaration_start_line);
     $lineprefix = "   ";
     output_highlight_rst($args{'purpose'});

@@ -2235,6 +2293,7 @@ sub process_file($) {
 }
 
 
+$sphinx_major = get_sphinx_version();
 $kernelversion = get_kernel_version();
 
 # generate a sequence of code that will splice in highlighting information

index 3efc06d6f82d..e1140869b889 100755
@@ -886,19 +886,29 @@ sub output_function_rst(%) {
     my $oldprefix = $lineprefix;
     my $start = "";
 
-    if ($args{'typedef'}) {
-	if ($sphinx_major < 3) {
+    if ($sphinx_major < 3) {
+	if ($args{'typedef'}) {
 	    print ".. c:type:: ". $args{'function'} . "\n\n";
+	    print_lineno($declaration_start_line);
+	    print "   **Typedef**: ";
+	    $lineprefix = "";
+	    output_highlight_rst($args{'purpose'});
+	    $start = "\n\n**Syntax**\n\n  ``";
 	} else {
-	    print ".. c:function:: ". $args{'function'} . "\n\n";
+	    print ".. c:function:: ";
 	}
-	print_lineno($declaration_start_line);
-	print "   **Typedef**: ";
-	$lineprefix = "";
-	output_highlight_rst($args{'purpose'});
-	$start = "\n\n**Syntax**\n\n  ``";
     } else {
-	print ".. c:function:: ";
+	print ".. c:macro:: ". $args{'function'} . "\n\n";
+
+	if ($args{'typedef'}) {
+	    print_lineno($declaration_start_line);
+	    print "   **Typedef**: ";
+	    $lineprefix = "";
+	    output_highlight_rst($args{'purpose'});
+	    $start = "\n\n**Syntax**\n\n  ``";
+	} else {
+	    print "``";
+	}
     }
     if ($args{'functiontype'} ne "") {
 	$start .= $args{'functiontype'} . " " . $args{'function'} . " (";

@@ -925,7 +935,11 @@ sub output_function_rst(%) {
     if ($args{'typedef'}) {
 	print ");``\n\n";
     } else {
-	print ")\n\n";
+	if ($sphinx_major < 3) {
+	    print ")\n\n";
+	} else {
+	    print ")``\n";
+	}
 	print_lineno($declaration_start_line);
 	$lineprefix = "   ";
 	output_highlight_rst($args{'purpose'});

index e1140869b889..07b1073b0bc0 100755
@@ -2261,7 +2261,7 @@ sub process_file($) {
 
     $file = map_filename($orig_file);
 
-    if (!open(IN,"<$file")) {
+    if (!open(IN_FILE,"<$file")) {
 	print STDERR "Error: Cannot open file $file\n";
 	++$errors;
 	return;

@@ -2270,9 +2270,9 @@ sub process_file($) {
     $. = 1;
 
     $section_counter = 0;
-    while (<IN>) {
+    while (<IN_FILE>) {
 	while (s/\\\s*$//) {
-	    $_ .= <IN>;
+	    $_ .= <IN_FILE>;
 	}
 	# Replace tabs by spaces
         while ($_ =~ s/\t+/' ' x (length($&) * 8 - length($`) % 8)/e) {};

@@ -2304,6 +2304,7 @@ sub process_file($) {
 	    print STDERR "${file}:1: warning: no structured comments found\n";
 	}
     }
+    close IN_FILE;
 }
 
 

index 07b1073b0bc0..6588a0d27fe4 100755
@@ -66,9 +66,8 @@ Output selection (mutually exclusive):
   -function NAME	Only output documentation for the given function(s)
 			or DOC: section title(s). All other functions and DOC:
 			sections are ignored. May be specified multiple times.
-  -nofunction NAME	Do NOT output documentation for the given function(s);
-			only output documentation for the other functions and
-			DOC: sections. May be specified multiple times.
+  -nosymbol NAME	Exclude the specified symbols from the output
+		        documentation. May be specified multiple times.
 
 Output selection modifiers:
   -no-doc-sections	Do not output DOC: sections.

@@ -288,9 +287,8 @@ my $modulename = "Kernel API";
 use constant {
     OUTPUT_ALL          => 0, # output all symbols and doc sections
     OUTPUT_INCLUDE      => 1, # output only specified symbols
-    OUTPUT_EXCLUDE      => 2, # output everything except specified symbols
-    OUTPUT_EXPORTED     => 3, # output exported symbols
-    OUTPUT_INTERNAL     => 4, # output non-exported symbols
+    OUTPUT_EXPORTED     => 2, # output exported symbols
+    OUTPUT_INTERNAL     => 3, # output non-exported symbols
 };
 my $output_selection = OUTPUT_ALL;
 my $show_not_found = 0;	# No longer used

@@ -315,6 +313,7 @@ my $man_date = ('January', 'February', 'March', 'April', 'May', 'June',
 # CAVEAT EMPTOR!  Some of the others I localised may not want to be, which
 # could cause "use of undefined value" or other bugs.
 my ($function, %function_table, %parametertypes, $declaration_purpose);
+my %nosymbol_table = ();
 my $declaration_start_line;
 my ($type, $declaration_name, $return_type);
 my ($newsection, $newcontents, $prototype, $brcount, %source_map);

@@ -434,10 +433,9 @@ while ($ARGV[0] =~ m/^--?(.*)/) {
 	$output_selection = OUTPUT_INCLUDE;
 	$function = shift @ARGV;
 	$function_table{$function} = 1;
-    } elsif ($cmd eq "nofunction") { # output all except specific functions
-	$output_selection = OUTPUT_EXCLUDE;
-	$function = shift @ARGV;
-	$function_table{$function} = 1;
+    } elsif ($cmd eq "nosymbol") { # Exclude specific symbols
+	my $symbol = shift @ARGV;
+	$nosymbol_table{$symbol} = 1;
     } elsif ($cmd eq "export") { # only exported symbols
 	$output_selection = OUTPUT_EXPORTED;
 	%function_table = ();

@@ -570,11 +568,11 @@ sub dump_doc_section {
         return;
     }
 
+    return if (defined($nosymbol_table{$name}));
+
     if (($output_selection == OUTPUT_ALL) ||
-	($output_selection == OUTPUT_INCLUDE &&
-	 defined($function_table{$name})) ||
-	($output_selection == OUTPUT_EXCLUDE &&
-	 !defined($function_table{$name})))
+	(($output_selection == OUTPUT_INCLUDE) &&
+	 defined($function_table{$name})))
     {
 	dump_section($file, $name, $contents);
 	output_blockhead({'sectionlist' => \@sectionlist,

@@ -800,6 +798,8 @@ sub output_blockhead_rst(%) {
     my ($parameter, $section);
 
     foreach $section (@{$args{'sectionlist'}}) {
+	next if (defined($nosymbol_table{$section}));
+
 	if ($output_selection != OUTPUT_INCLUDE) {
 	    print "**$section**\n\n";
 	}

@@ -1115,12 +1115,14 @@ sub output_declaration {
     my $name = shift;
     my $functype = shift;
     my $func = "output_${functype}_$output_mode";
+
+    return if (defined($nosymbol_table{$name}));
+
     if (($output_selection == OUTPUT_ALL) ||
 	(($output_selection == OUTPUT_INCLUDE ||
 	  $output_selection == OUTPUT_EXPORTED) &&
 	 defined($function_table{$name})) ||
-	(($output_selection == OUTPUT_EXCLUDE ||
-	  $output_selection == OUTPUT_INTERNAL) &&
+	($output_selection == OUTPUT_INTERNAL &&
 	 !($functype eq "function" && defined($function_table{$name}))))
     {
 	&$func(@_);

@@ -1301,6 +1303,8 @@ sub show_warnings($$) {
 	my $functype = shift;
 	my $name = shift;
 
+	return 0 if (defined($nosymbol_table{$name}));
+
 	return 1 if ($output_selection == OUTPUT_ALL);
 
 	if ($output_selection == OUTPUT_EXPORTED) {

@@ -1324,13 +1328,6 @@ sub show_warnings($$) {
 			return 0;
 		}
 	}
-	if ($output_selection == OUTPUT_EXCLUDE) {
-		if (!defined($function_table{$name})) {
-			return 1;
-		} else {
-			return 0;
-		}
-	}
 	die("Please add the new output type at show_warnings()");
 }
 

@@ -1945,6 +1942,7 @@ sub process_export_file($) {
 
     while (<IN>) {
 	if (/$export_symbol/) {
+	    next if (defined($nosymbol_table{$2}));
 	    $function_table{$2} = 1;
 	}
     }

index 6588a0d27fe4..a0344c78c641 100755
@@ -1741,30 +1741,48 @@ sub dump_function($$) {
 	return;
     }
 
-	my $prms = join " ", @parameterlist;
-	check_sections($file, $declaration_name, "function", $sectcheck, $prms);
+    my $prms = join " ", @parameterlist;
+    check_sections($file, $declaration_name, "function", $sectcheck, $prms);
 
-        # This check emits a lot of warnings at the moment, because many
-        # functions don't have a 'Return' doc section. So until the number
-        # of warnings goes sufficiently down, the check is only performed in
-        # verbose mode.
-        # TODO: always perform the check.
-        if ($verbose && !$noret) {
-                check_return_section($file, $declaration_name, $return_type);
-        }
+    # This check emits a lot of warnings at the moment, because many
+    # functions don't have a 'Return' doc section. So until the number
+    # of warnings goes sufficiently down, the check is only performed in
+    # verbose mode.
+    # TODO: always perform the check.
+    if ($verbose && !$noret) {
+	    check_return_section($file, $declaration_name, $return_type);
+    }
 
-    output_declaration($declaration_name,
-		       'function',
-		       {'function' => $declaration_name,
-			'module' => $modulename,
-			'functiontype' => $return_type,
-			'parameterlist' => \@parameterlist,
-			'parameterdescs' => \%parameterdescs,
-			'parametertypes' => \%parametertypes,
-			'sectionlist' => \@sectionlist,
-			'sections' => \%sections,
-			'purpose' => $declaration_purpose
-		       });
+    # The function parser can be called with a typedef parameter.
+    # Handle it.
+    if ($return_type =~ /typedef/) {
+	output_declaration($declaration_name,
+			   'function',
+			   {'function' => $declaration_name,
+			    'typedef' => 1,
+			    'module' => $modulename,
+			    'functiontype' => $return_type,
+			    'parameterlist' => \@parameterlist,
+			    'parameterdescs' => \%parameterdescs,
+			    'parametertypes' => \%parametertypes,
+			    'sectionlist' => \@sectionlist,
+			    'sections' => \%sections,
+			    'purpose' => $declaration_purpose
+			   });
+    } else {
+	output_declaration($declaration_name,
+			   'function',
+			   {'function' => $declaration_name,
+			    'module' => $modulename,
+			    'functiontype' => $return_type,
+			    'parameterlist' => \@parameterlist,
+			    'parameterdescs' => \%parameterdescs,
+			    'parametertypes' => \%parametertypes,
+			    'sectionlist' => \@sectionlist,
+			    'sections' => \%sections,
+			    'purpose' => $declaration_purpose
+			   });
+    }
 }
 
 sub reset_state {

index a0344c78c641..f549837d874d 100755
@@ -655,10 +655,10 @@ sub output_function_man(%) {
 	$type = $args{'parametertypes'}{$parameter};
 	if ($type =~ m/([^\(]*\(\*)\s*\)\s*\(([^\)]*)\)/) {
 	    # pointer-to-function
-	    print ".BI \"" . $parenth . $1 . "\" " . $parameter . " \") (" . $2 . ")" . $post . "\"\n";
+	    print ".BI \"" . $parenth . $1 . "\" " . " \") (" . $2 . ")" . $post . "\"\n";
 	} else {
 	    $type =~ s/([^\*])$/$1 /;
-	    print ".BI \"" . $parenth . $type . "\" " . $parameter . " \"" . $post . "\"\n";
+	    print ".BI \"" . $parenth . $type . "\" " . " \"" . $post . "\"\n";
 	}
 	$count++;
 	$parenth = "";

@@ -929,7 +929,7 @@ sub output_function_rst(%) {
 	    # pointer-to-function
 	    print $1 . $parameter . ") (" . $2 . ")";
 	} else {
-	    print $type . " " . $parameter;
+	    print $type;
 	}
     }
     if ($args{'typedef'}) {

@@ -954,7 +954,7 @@ sub output_function_rst(%) {
 	$type = $args{'parametertypes'}{$parameter};
 
 	if ($type ne "") {
-	    print "``$type $parameter``\n";
+	    print "``$type``\n";
 	} else {
 	    print "``$parameter``\n";
 	}

@@ -1472,7 +1472,7 @@ sub create_parameterlist($$$$) {
 	    # Treat preprocessor directive as a typeless variable just to fill
 	    # corresponding data structures "correctly". Catch it later in
 	    # output_* subs.
-	    push_parameter($arg, "", $file);
+	    push_parameter($arg, "", "", $file);
 	} elsif ($arg =~ m/\(.+\)\s*\(/) {
 	    # pointer-to-function
 	    $arg =~ tr/#/,/;

@@ -1481,7 +1481,7 @@ sub create_parameterlist($$$$) {
 	    $type = $arg;
 	    $type =~ s/([^\(]+\(\*?)\s*$param/$1/;
 	    save_struct_actual($param);
-	    push_parameter($param, $type, $file, $declaration_name);
+	    push_parameter($param, $type, $arg, $file, $declaration_name);
 	} elsif ($arg) {
 	    $arg =~ s/\s*:\s*/:/g;
 	    $arg =~ s/\s*\[/\[/g;

@@ -1506,26 +1506,28 @@ sub create_parameterlist($$$$) {
 	    foreach $param (@args) {
 		if ($param =~ m/^(\*+)\s*(.*)/) {
 		    save_struct_actual($2);
-		    push_parameter($2, "$type $1", $file, $declaration_name);
+
+		    push_parameter($2, "$type $1", $arg, $file, $declaration_name);
 		}
 		elsif ($param =~ m/(.*?):(\d+)/) {
 		    if ($type ne "") { # skip unnamed bit-fields
 			save_struct_actual($1);
-			push_parameter($1, "$type:$2", $file, $declaration_name)
+			push_parameter($1, "$type:$2", $arg, $file, $declaration_name)
 		    }
 		}
 		else {
 		    save_struct_actual($param);
-		    push_parameter($param, $type, $file, $declaration_name);
+		    push_parameter($param, $type, $arg, $file, $declaration_name);
 		}
 	    }
 	}
     }
 }
 
-sub push_parameter($$$$) {
+sub push_parameter($$$$$) {
 	my $param = shift;
 	my $type = shift;
+	my $org_arg = shift;
 	my $file = shift;
 	my $declaration_name = shift;
 

@@ -1589,8 +1591,8 @@ sub push_parameter($$$$) {
 	# "[blah" in a parameter string;
 	###$param =~ s/\s*//g;
 	push @parameterlist, $param;
-	$type =~ s/\s\s+/ /g;
-	$parametertypes{$param} = $type;
+	$org_arg =~ s/\s\s+/ /g;
+	$parametertypes{$param} = $org_arg;
 }
 
 sub check_sections($$$$$) {

index 4bcbd6ae01cd..6686955d1def 100644
@@ -136,7 +136,8 @@ class KernelDocDirective(Directive):
                     lineoffset = int(match.group(1)) - 1
                     # we must eat our comments since the upset the markup
                 else:
-                    result.append(line, filename, lineoffset)
+                    doc = env.srcdir + "/" + env.docname + ":" + str(self.lineno)
+                    result.append(line, doc + ": " + filename, lineoffset)
                     lineoffset += 1
 
             node = nodes.section()

index 4fd86c21397b..52a87ab4c99f 100644
@@ -490,6 +490,14 @@ identifiers: *[ function/type ...]*
     .. kernel-doc:: lib/idr.c
        :identifiers:
 
+no-identifiers: *[ function/type ...]*
+  Exclude documentation for each *function* and *type* in *source*.
+
+  Example::
+
+    .. kernel-doc:: lib/bitmap.c
+       :no-identifiers: bitmap_parselist
+
 functions: *[ function/type ...]*
   This is an alias of the 'identifiers' directive and deprecated.
 

index 6686955d1def..233f610539f0 100644
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ class KernelDocDirective(Directive):
         'export': directives.unchanged,
         'internal': directives.unchanged,
         'identifiers': directives.unchanged,
+        'no-identifiers': directives.unchanged,
         'functions': directives.unchanged,
     }
     has_content = False

@@ -99,6 +100,12 @@ class KernelDocDirective(Directive):
             else:
                 cmd += ['-no-doc-sections']
 
+        if 'no-identifiers' in self.options:
+            no_identifiers = self.options.get('no-identifiers').split()
+            if no_identifiers:
+                for i in no_identifiers:
+                    cmd += ['-nosymbol', i]
+
         for pattern in export_file_patterns:
             for f in glob.glob(env.config.kerneldoc_srctree + '/' + pattern):
                 env.note_dependency(os.path.abspath(f))

index 33c563f414a8..409e70a5f80f 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: CEC
 
 .. _cec-func-close:
 

@@ -11,7 +12,6 @@ Name
 
 cec-close - Close a cec device
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 

@@ -19,16 +19,13 @@ Synopsis
 
     #include <unistd.h>
 
-
 .. c:function:: int close( int fd )
-    :name: cec-close
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open() <cec-open>`.
-
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 Description
 ===========

@@ -36,11 +33,10 @@ Description
 Closes the cec device. Resources associated with the file descriptor are
 freed. The device configuration remain unchanged.
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 
-:c:func:`close() <cec-close>` returns 0 on success. On error, -1 is returned, and
+:c:func:`close()` returns 0 on success. On error, -1 is returned, and
 ``errno`` is set appropriately. Possible error codes are:
 
 ``EBADF``

index 3b88230fad80..7c93f86de6cc 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: CEC
 
 .. _cec-func-ioctl:
 

@@ -18,15 +19,13 @@ Synopsis
 
     #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 
-
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, int request, void *argp )
-   :name: cec-ioctl
+``int ioctl(int fd, int request, void *argp)``
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open() <cec-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``request``
     CEC ioctl request code as defined in the cec.h header file, for

@@ -35,11 +34,10 @@ Arguments
 ``argp``
     Pointer to a request-specific structure.
 
-
 Description
 ===========
 
-The :c:func:`ioctl() <cec-ioctl>` function manipulates cec device parameters. The
+The :c:func:`ioctl()` function manipulates cec device parameters. The
 argument ``fd`` must be an open file descriptor.
 
 The ioctl ``request`` code specifies the cec function to be called. It

@@ -51,7 +49,6 @@ their parameters are located in the cec.h header file. All cec ioctl
 requests, their respective function and parameters are specified in
 :ref:`cec-user-func`.
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 

index 887bfd2a755e..d86563a34b9e 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: CEC
 
 .. _cec-func-open:
 

@@ -18,10 +19,7 @@ Synopsis
 
     #include <fcntl.h>
 
-
 .. c:function:: int open( const char *device_name, int flags )
-   :name: cec-open
-
 
 Arguments
 =========

@@ -42,11 +40,10 @@ Arguments
 
     Other flags have no effect.
 
-
 Description
 ===========
 
-To open a cec device applications call :c:func:`open() <cec-open>` with the
+To open a cec device applications call :c:func:`open()` with the
 desired device name. The function has no side effects; the device
 configuration remain unchanged.
 

@@ -54,11 +51,10 @@ When the device is opened in read-only mode, attempts to modify its
 configuration will result in an error, and ``errno`` will be set to
 EBADF.
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 
-:c:func:`open() <cec-open>` returns the new file descriptor on success. On error,
+:c:func:`open()` returns the new file descriptor on success. On error,
 -1 is returned, and ``errno`` is set appropriately. Possible error codes
 include:
 

index 2d87136e9a3f..980bbfc0bcce 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: CEC
 
 .. _cec-func-poll:
 

@@ -11,7 +12,6 @@ Name
 
 cec-poll - Wait for some event on a file descriptor
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 

@@ -19,9 +19,7 @@ Synopsis
 
     #include <sys/poll.h>
 
-
 .. c:function:: int poll( struct pollfd *ufds, unsigned int nfds, int timeout )
-   :name: cec-poll
 
 Arguments
 =========

@@ -35,14 +33,13 @@ Arguments
 ``timeout``
    Timeout to wait for events
 
-
 Description
 ===========
 
-With the :c:func:`poll() <cec-poll>` function applications can wait for CEC
+With the :c:func:`poll()` function applications can wait for CEC
 events.
 
-On success :c:func:`poll() <cec-poll>` returns the number of file descriptors
+On success :c:func:`poll()` returns the number of file descriptors
 that have been selected (that is, file descriptors for which the
 ``revents`` field of the respective struct :c:type:`pollfd`
 is non-zero). CEC devices set the ``POLLIN`` and ``POLLRDNORM`` flags in

@@ -53,13 +50,12 @@ then the ``POLLPRI`` flag is set. When the function times out it returns
 a value of zero, on failure it returns -1 and the ``errno`` variable is
 set appropriately.
 
-For more details see the :c:func:`poll() <cec-poll>` manual page.
-
+For more details see the :c:func:`poll()` manual page.
 
 Return Value
 ============
 
-On success, :c:func:`poll() <cec-poll>` returns the number structures which have
+On success, :c:func:`poll()` returns the number structures which have
 non-zero ``revents`` fields, or zero if the call timed out. On error -1
 is returned, and the ``errno`` variable is set appropriately:
 

index 7f25365ce0fb..c7309a2fcbce 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: CEC
 
 .. _CEC_ADAP_G_CAPS:
 

@@ -14,18 +15,18 @@ CEC_ADAP_G_CAPS - Query device capabilities
 Synopsis
 ========
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, CEC_ADAP_G_CAPS, struct cec_caps *argp )
-    :name: CEC_ADAP_G_CAPS
+.. c:macro:: CEC_ADAP_G_CAPS
+
+``int ioctl(int fd, CEC_ADAP_G_CAPS, struct cec_caps *argp)``
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open() <cec-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``argp``
 
-
 Description
 ===========
 

@@ -62,7 +63,6 @@ returns the information to the application. The ioctl never fails.
       - CEC Framework API version, formatted with the ``KERNEL_VERSION()``
 	macro.
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{4.4cm}|p{2.5cm}|p{10.6cm}|
 
 .. _cec-capabilities:

index 6818ddf1495c..13116b0b5c17 100644
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 ..
 .. Copyright 2019 Google LLC
 ..
+.. c:namespace:: CEC
+
 .. _CEC_ADAP_G_CONNECTOR_INFO:
 
 *******************************

@@ -16,18 +18,18 @@ CEC_ADAP_G_CONNECTOR_INFO - Query HDMI connector information
 Synopsis
 ========
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, CEC_ADAP_G_CONNECTOR_INFO, struct cec_connector_info *argp )
-    :name: CEC_ADAP_G_CONNECTOR_INFO
+.. c:macro:: CEC_ADAP_G_CONNECTOR_INFO
+
+``int ioctl(int fd, CEC_ADAP_G_CONNECTOR_INFO, struct cec_connector_info *argp)``
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open() <cec-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``argp``
 
-
 Description
 ===========
 

@@ -57,7 +59,6 @@ is only available if the ``CEC_CAP_CONNECTOR_INFO`` capability is set.
     * - }
       -
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{4.4cm}|p{2.5cm}|p{10.6cm}|
 
 .. _connector-type:

index 1ca893270ae9..c760c07b6b3f 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: CEC
 
 .. _CEC_ADAP_LOG_ADDRS:
 .. _CEC_ADAP_G_LOG_ADDRS:

@@ -13,21 +14,22 @@ Name
 
 CEC_ADAP_G_LOG_ADDRS, CEC_ADAP_S_LOG_ADDRS - Get or set the logical addresses
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, CEC_ADAP_G_LOG_ADDRS, struct cec_log_addrs *argp )
-   :name: CEC_ADAP_G_LOG_ADDRS
+.. c:macro:: CEC_ADAP_G_LOG_ADDRS
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, CEC_ADAP_S_LOG_ADDRS, struct cec_log_addrs *argp )
-   :name: CEC_ADAP_S_LOG_ADDRS
+``int ioctl(int fd, CEC_ADAP_G_LOG_ADDRS, struct cec_log_addrs *argp)``
+
+.. c:macro:: CEC_ADAP_S_LOG_ADDRS
+
+``int ioctl(int fd, CEC_ADAP_S_LOG_ADDRS, struct cec_log_addrs *argp)``
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open() <cec-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``argp``
     Pointer to struct :c:type:`cec_log_addrs`.

@@ -148,7 +150,6 @@ logical address types are already defined will return with error ``EBUSY``.
         give the CEC framework more information about the device type, even
         though the framework won't use it directly in the CEC message.
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{7.8cm}|p{1.0cm}|p{8.7cm}|
 
 .. _cec-log-addrs-flags:

@@ -185,7 +186,6 @@ logical address types are already defined will return with error ``EBUSY``.
 
 	All other messages are ignored.
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{7.8cm}|p{1.0cm}|p{8.7cm}|
 
 .. _cec-versions:

@@ -211,7 +211,6 @@ logical address types are already defined will return with error ``EBUSY``.
       - 6
       - CEC version according to the HDMI 2.0 standard.
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{6.6cm}|p{2.2cm}|p{8.7cm}|
 
 .. _cec-prim-dev-types:

@@ -257,7 +256,6 @@ logical address types are already defined will return with error ``EBUSY``.
       - 7
       - Use for a video processor device.
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{6.6cm}|p{2.2cm}|p{8.7cm}|
 
 .. _cec-log-addr-types:

@@ -306,7 +304,6 @@ logical address types are already defined will return with error ``EBUSY``.
 	Control).
 
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{6.6cm}|p{2.2cm}|p{8.7cm}|
 
 .. _cec-all-dev-types-flags:

@@ -348,7 +345,6 @@ logical address types are already defined will return with error ``EBUSY``.
       - This supports the CEC Switch or Video Processing type.
 
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 

index a10443be1b26..fb22f6894f26 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: CEC
 
 .. _CEC_ADAP_PHYS_ADDR:
 .. _CEC_ADAP_G_PHYS_ADDR:

@@ -13,21 +14,22 @@ Name
 
 CEC_ADAP_G_PHYS_ADDR, CEC_ADAP_S_PHYS_ADDR - Get or set the physical address
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, CEC_ADAP_G_PHYS_ADDR, __u16 *argp )
-    :name: CEC_ADAP_G_PHYS_ADDR
+.. c:macro:: CEC_ADAP_G_PHYS_ADDR
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, CEC_ADAP_S_PHYS_ADDR, __u16 *argp )
-    :name: CEC_ADAP_S_PHYS_ADDR
+``int ioctl(int fd, CEC_ADAP_G_PHYS_ADDR, __u16 *argp)``
+
+.. c:macro:: CEC_ADAP_S_PHYS_ADDR
+
+``int ioctl(int fd, CEC_ADAP_S_PHYS_ADDR, __u16 *argp)``
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open() <cec-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``argp``
     Pointer to the CEC address.

@@ -71,7 +73,6 @@ For example, the EDID for each HDMI input of the TV will have a
 different physical address of the form a.0.0.0 that the sources will
 read out and use as their physical address.
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 

index 3bc81fc5a73f..736fda5ad73d 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: CEC
 
 .. _CEC_DQEVENT:
 

@@ -11,22 +12,21 @@ Name
 
 CEC_DQEVENT - Dequeue a CEC event
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, CEC_DQEVENT, struct cec_event *argp )
-    :name: CEC_DQEVENT
+.. c:macro:: CEC_DQEVENT
+
+``int ioctl(int fd, CEC_DQEVENT, struct cec_event *argp)``
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open() <cec-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``argp``
 
-
 Description
 ===========
 

@@ -72,7 +72,6 @@ it is guaranteed that the state did change in between the two events.
         the HDMI driver is still configuring the device or because the HDMI
         device was unbound.
 
-
 .. c:type:: cec_event_lost_msgs
 
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{1.0cm}|p{2.0cm}|p{14.5cm}|

@@ -94,7 +93,6 @@ it is guaranteed that the state did change in between the two events.
 	replied to within a second according to the CEC specification,
 	this is more than enough.
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{1.0cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{2.5cm}|p{9.6cm}|
 
 .. c:type:: cec_event

@@ -130,7 +128,6 @@ it is guaranteed that the state did change in between the two events.
     * - }
       -
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{5.6cm}|p{0.9cm}|p{11.0cm}|
 
 .. _cec-events:

@@ -204,7 +201,6 @@ it is guaranteed that the state did change in between the two events.
 	if the 5V is high, then an initial event will be generated for that
 	filehandle.
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{6.0cm}|p{0.6cm}|p{10.9cm}|
 
 .. _cec-event-flags:

@@ -230,7 +226,6 @@ it is guaranteed that the state did change in between the two events.
         This is an indication that the application cannot keep up.
 
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 

index 2093e373c93c..d3387b1fa7c5 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: CEC
 
 .. _CEC_MODE:
 .. _CEC_G_MODE:

@@ -13,17 +14,19 @@ CEC_G_MODE, CEC_S_MODE - Get or set exclusive use of the CEC adapter
 Synopsis
 ========
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, CEC_G_MODE, __u32 *argp )
-   :name: CEC_G_MODE
+.. c:macro:: CEC_G_MODE
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, CEC_S_MODE, __u32 *argp )
-   :name: CEC_S_MODE
+``int ioctl(int fd, CEC_G_MODE, __u32 *argp)``
+
+.. c:macro:: CEC_S_MODE
+
+``int ioctl(int fd, CEC_S_MODE, __u32 *argp)``
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open() <cec-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``argp``
     Pointer to CEC mode.

@@ -101,7 +104,6 @@ Available initiator modes are:
 	then an attempt to become one will return the ``EBUSY`` error code
 	error.
 
-
 Available follower modes are:
 
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{6.6cm}|p{0.9cm}|p{10.0cm}|

@@ -193,7 +195,6 @@ Available follower modes are:
 	the process has the ``CAP_NET_ADMIN`` capability. If that is not
 	set, then the ``EPERM`` error code is returned.
 
-
 Core message processing details:
 
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{6.6cm}|p{10.9cm}|

@@ -272,7 +273,6 @@ Core message processing details:
 	and then just pass the message on to the follower(s).
 
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 

index 9d629d46973c..b2fc051e99f4 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: CEC
 
 .. _CEC_TRANSMIT:
 .. _CEC_RECEIVE:

@@ -12,21 +13,22 @@ Name
 
 CEC_RECEIVE, CEC_TRANSMIT - Receive or transmit a CEC message
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, CEC_RECEIVE, struct cec_msg \*argp )
-    :name: CEC_RECEIVE
+.. c:macro:: CEC_RECEIVE
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, CEC_TRANSMIT, struct cec_msg \*argp )
-    :name: CEC_TRANSMIT
+``int ioctl(int fd, CEC_RECEIVE, struct cec_msg *argp)``
+
+.. c:macro:: CEC_TRANSMIT
+
+``int ioctl(int fd, CEC_TRANSMIT, struct cec_msg *argp)``
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open() <cec-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``argp``
     Pointer to struct cec_msg.

@@ -194,7 +196,6 @@ View On' messages from initiator 0xf ('Unregistered') to destination 0 ('TV').
 	supports this, otherwise it is always 0. This counter is only
 	valid if the :ref:`CEC_TX_STATUS_ERROR <CEC-TX-STATUS-ERROR>` status bit is set.
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{6.2cm}|p{1.0cm}|p{10.3cm}|
 
 .. _cec-msg-flags:

@@ -228,7 +229,6 @@ View On' messages from initiator 0xf ('Unregistered') to destination 0 ('TV').
 	capability. If that is not set, then the ``EPERM`` error code is
 	returned.
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{5.6cm}|p{0.9cm}|p{11.0cm}|
 
 .. _cec-tx-status:

@@ -298,7 +298,6 @@ View On' messages from initiator 0xf ('Unregistered') to destination 0 ('TV').
       - The transmit timed out. This should not normally happen and this
 	indicates a driver problem.
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{5.6cm}|p{0.9cm}|p{11.0cm}|
 
 .. _cec-rx-status:

@@ -335,7 +334,6 @@ View On' messages from initiator 0xf ('Unregistered') to destination 0 ('TV').
 	reply was interrupted.
 
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 

index da7366e0e317..7dbdfbb4a0a9 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _buffer:
 

@@ -33,7 +34,6 @@ mem-to-mem devices is an exception to the rule: the timestamp source
 flags are copied from the OUTPUT video buffer to the CAPTURE video
 buffer.
 
-
 Interactions between formats, controls and buffers
 ==================================================
 

@@ -152,7 +152,6 @@ based on the queried sizes (for instance by allocating a set of buffers large
 enough for all the desired formats and controls, or by allocating separate set
 of appropriately sized buffers for each use case).
 
-
 .. c:type:: v4l2_buffer
 
 struct v4l2_buffer

@@ -257,7 +256,7 @@ struct v4l2_buffer
 	``V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP`` this is the offset of the buffer from the
 	start of the device memory. The value is returned by the driver
 	and apart of serving as parameter to the
-	:ref:`mmap() <func-mmap>` function not useful for applications.
+	:c:func:`mmap()` function not useful for applications.
 	See :ref:`mmap` for details
     * - unsigned long
       - ``userptr``

@@ -310,7 +309,6 @@ struct v4l2_buffer
 	given, then ``EINVAL`` will be returned.
 
 
-
 .. c:type:: v4l2_plane
 
 struct v4l2_plane

@@ -350,7 +348,7 @@ struct v4l2_plane
       - ``mem_offset``
       - When the memory type in the containing struct
 	:c:type:`v4l2_buffer` is ``V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP``, this
-	is the value that should be passed to :ref:`mmap() <func-mmap>`,
+	is the value that should be passed to :c:func:`mmap()`,
 	similar to the ``offset`` field in struct
 	:c:type:`v4l2_buffer`.
     * - unsigned long

@@ -384,7 +382,6 @@ struct v4l2_plane
 	applications.
 
 
-
 .. c:type:: v4l2_buf_type
 
 enum v4l2_buf_type

@@ -448,7 +445,6 @@ enum v4l2_buf_type
       - Buffer for metadata output, see :ref:`metadata`.
 
 
-
 .. _buffer-flags:
 
 Buffer Flags

@@ -706,7 +702,6 @@ enum v4l2_memory
       - The buffer is used for :ref:`DMA shared buffer <dmabuf>` I/O.
 
 
-
 Timecodes
 =========
 

@@ -715,7 +710,6 @@ The :c:type:`v4l2_buffer_timecode` structure is designed to hold a
 (struct :c:type:`timeval` timestamps are stored in the struct
 :c:type:`v4l2_buffer` ``timestamp`` field.)
 
-
 .. c:type:: v4l2_timecode
 
 struct v4l2_timecode

@@ -752,7 +746,6 @@ struct v4l2_timecode
       - The "user group" bits from the timecode.
 
 
-
 .. _timecode-type:
 
 Timecode Types

@@ -782,7 +775,6 @@ Timecode Types
       -
 
 
-
 .. _timecode-flags:
 
 Timecode Flags

index 5ea1ffe71fa6..fe58fd450e2f 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _capture:
 

@@ -19,7 +20,6 @@ device.
 
 .. note:: The same device file names are used for video output devices.
 
-
 Querying Capabilities
 =====================
 

@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@ functions they may also support the :ref:`video overlay <overlay>`
 streaming I/O methods must be supported. Tuners and audio inputs are
 optional.
 
-
 Supplemental Functions
 ======================
 

@@ -45,7 +44,6 @@ Video capture devices shall support :ref:`audio input <audio>`,
 :ref:`video input <video>` ioctls must be supported by all video
 capture devices.
 
-
 Image Format Negotiation
 ========================
 

@@ -55,7 +53,7 @@ capture, the latter how images are stored in memory, i. e. in RGB or YUV
 format, the number of bits per pixel or width and height. Together they
 also define how images are scaled in the process.
 
-As usual these parameters are *not* reset at :ref:`open() <func-open>`
+As usual these parameters are *not* reset at :c:func:`open()`
 time to permit Unix tool chains, programming a device and then reading
 from it as if it was a plain file. Well written V4L2 applications ensure
 they really get what they want, including cropping and scaling.

@@ -95,7 +93,6 @@ and :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` ioctl, even if :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC
 requests and always returns default parameters as :ref:`VIDIOC_G_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` does.
 :ref:`VIDIOC_TRY_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` is optional.
 
-
 Reading Images
 ==============
 

index 2315faf61aaf..eadcb4aa813b 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _output:
 

@@ -18,7 +19,6 @@ device.
 
 .. note:: The same device file names are used also for video capture devices.
 
-
 Querying Capabilities
 =====================
 

@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ functions they may also support the :ref:`raw VBI output <raw-vbi>`
 streaming I/O methods must be supported. Modulators and audio outputs
 are optional.
 
-
 Supplemental Functions
 ======================
 

@@ -43,7 +42,6 @@ Video output devices shall support :ref:`audio output <audio>`,
 :ref:`video output <video>` ioctls must be supported by all video
 output devices.
 
-
 Image Format Negotiation
 ========================
 

@@ -53,7 +51,7 @@ the latter how images are stored in memory, i. e. in RGB or YUV format,
 the number of bits per pixel or width and height. Together they also
 define how images are scaled in the process.
 
-As usual these parameters are *not* reset at :ref:`open() <func-open>`
+As usual these parameters are *not* reset at :c:func:`open()`
 time to permit Unix tool chains, programming a device and then writing
 to it as if it was a plain file. Well written V4L2 applications ensure
 they really get what they want, including cropping and scaling.

@@ -92,7 +90,6 @@ and :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` ioctl, even if :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC
 requests and always returns default parameters as :ref:`VIDIOC_G_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` does.
 :ref:`VIDIOC_TRY_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` is optional.
 
-
 Writing Images
 ==============
 

index bb52f85a619c..3f43a01ba938 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _raw-vbi:
 

@@ -32,7 +33,6 @@ applications must call the :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` ioctl.
 Accessed as ``/dev/vbi``, raw VBI capturing or output is the default
 device function.
 
-
 Querying Capabilities
 =====================
 

@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ in the ``capabilities`` field of struct
 read/write, streaming or asynchronous I/O methods must be supported. VBI
 devices may or may not have a tuner or modulator.
 
-
 Supplemental Functions
 ======================
 

@@ -53,7 +52,6 @@ VBI devices shall support :ref:`video input or output <video>`,
 ioctls as needed. The :ref:`video standard <standard>` ioctls provide
 information vital to program a VBI device, therefore must be supported.
 
-
 Raw VBI Format Negotiation
 ==========================
 

@@ -62,7 +60,7 @@ frequency. To properly interpret the data V4L2 specifies an ioctl to
 query the sampling parameters. Moreover, to allow for some flexibility
 applications can also suggest different parameters.
 
-As usual these parameters are *not* reset at :ref:`open() <func-open>`
+As usual these parameters are *not* reset at :c:func:`open()`
 time to permit Unix tool chains, programming a device and then reading
 from it as if it was a plain file. Well written V4L2 applications should
 always ensure they really get what they want, requesting reasonable

@@ -91,8 +89,8 @@ happen for instance when the video and VBI areas to capture would
 overlap, or when the driver supports multiple opens and another process
 already requested VBI capturing or output. Anyway, applications must
 expect other resource allocation points which may return ``EBUSY``, at the
-:ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMON` ioctl and the first :ref:`read() <func-read>`
-, :ref:`write() <func-write>` and :ref:`select() <func-select>` calls.
+:ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMON` ioctl and the first :c:func:`read()`
+, :c:func:`write()` and :c:func:`select()` calls.
 
 VBI devices must implement both the :ref:`VIDIOC_G_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` and
 :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` ioctl, even if :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` ignores all requests

@@ -182,7 +180,6 @@ and always returns default parameters as :ref:`VIDIOC_G_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` does
       - This array is reserved for future extensions. Drivers and
 	applications must set it to zero.
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{4.4cm}|p{1.5cm}|p{11.6cm}|
 
 .. _vbifmt-flags:

@@ -218,7 +215,6 @@ and always returns default parameters as :ref:`VIDIOC_G_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` does
 	non-zero.
 
 
-
 .. _vbi-hsync:
 
 .. kernel-figure:: vbi_hsync.svg

@@ -227,7 +223,6 @@ and always returns default parameters as :ref:`VIDIOC_G_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` does
 
     **Figure 4.1. Line synchronization**
 
-
 .. _vbi-525:
 
 .. kernel-figure:: vbi_525.svg

@@ -251,7 +246,6 @@ negotiation, or after switching the video standard which may invalidate
 the negotiated VBI parameters, should be refused by the driver. A format
 change during active I/O is not permitted.
 
-
 Reading and writing VBI images
 ==============================
 

@@ -261,7 +255,6 @@ consisting of two fields of VBI images immediately following in memory.
 
 The total size of a frame computes as follows:
 
-
 .. code-block:: c
 
     (count[0] + count[1]) * samples_per_line * sample size in bytes

@@ -276,8 +269,8 @@ The latter bears the possibility of synchronizing video and VBI data by
 using buffer timestamps.
 
 Remember the :ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMON <VIDIOC_STREAMON>` ioctl and the
-first :ref:`read() <func-read>`, :ref:`write() <func-write>` and
-:ref:`select() <func-select>` call can be resource allocation
+first :c:func:`read()`, :c:func:`write()` and
+:c:func:`select()` call can be resource allocation
 points returning an ``EBUSY`` error code if the required hardware resources
 are temporarily unavailable, for example the device is already in use by
 another process.

index 463726ba46d7..207216d5e6a5 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _rds:
 

@@ -28,7 +29,6 @@ The RDS interface does not support this format. Should support for MMBS
 the linux-media mailing list:
 `https://linuxtv.org/lists.php <https://linuxtv.org/lists.php>`__.
 
-
 Querying Capabilities
 =====================
 

@@ -68,31 +68,27 @@ like program identification codes and radio text, the flag
 :ref:`Writing RDS data <writing-rds-data>` and
 :ref:`FM Transmitter Control Reference <fm-tx-controls>`.
 
-
 .. _reading-rds-data:
 
 Reading RDS data
 ================
 
 RDS data can be read from the radio device with the
-:ref:`read() <func-read>` function. The data is packed in groups of
+:c:func:`read()` function. The data is packed in groups of
 three bytes.
 
-
 .. _writing-rds-data:
 
 Writing RDS data
 ================
 
 RDS data can be written to the radio device with the
-:ref:`write() <func-write>` function. The data is packed in groups of
+:c:func:`write()` function. The data is packed in groups of
 three bytes, as follows:
 
-
 RDS datastructures
 ==================
 
-
 .. c:type:: v4l2_rds_data
 
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{2.5cm}|p{2.5cm}|p{12.5cm}|

@@ -113,7 +109,6 @@ RDS datastructures
       - Block description
 
 
-
 .. _v4l2-rds-block:
 
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{2.9cm}|p{14.6cm}|

@@ -136,7 +131,6 @@ RDS datastructures
 	reception of this block.
 
 
-
 .. _v4l2-rds-block-codes:
 
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{6.4cm}|p{2.0cm}|p{1.2cm}|p{7.9cm}|

index 807751f305fb..f0df144c9f63 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _sliced:
 

@@ -27,7 +28,6 @@ however the default function here is video capturing or output.
 Different file descriptors must be used to pass raw and sliced VBI data
 simultaneously, if this is supported by the driver.
 
-
 Querying Capabilities
 =====================
 

@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ respectively, in the ``capabilities`` field of struct
 read/write, streaming or asynchronous :ref:`I/O methods <io>` must be
 supported. Sliced VBI devices may have a tuner or modulator.
 
-
 Supplemental Functions
 ======================
 

@@ -49,7 +48,6 @@ capabilities, and they may support :ref:`control` ioctls.
 The :ref:`video standard <standard>` ioctls provide information vital
 to program a sliced VBI device, therefore must be supported.
 
-
 .. _sliced-vbi-format-negotitation:
 
 Sliced VBI Format Negotiation

@@ -96,9 +94,8 @@ at this point, it may return an ``EBUSY`` error code if the required
 resources are temporarily unavailable. Other resource allocation points
 which may return ``EBUSY`` can be the
 :ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMON` ioctl and the first
-:ref:`read() <func-read>`, :ref:`write() <func-write>` and
-:ref:`select() <func-select>` call.
-
+:c:func:`read()`, :c:func:`write()` and
+:c:func:`select()` call.
 
 .. c:type:: v4l2_sliced_vbi_format
 

@@ -191,7 +188,7 @@ struct v4l2_sliced_vbi_format
     * - __u32
       - ``io_size``
       - :cspan:`2` Maximum number of bytes passed by one
-	:ref:`read() <func-read>` or :ref:`write() <func-write>` call,
+	:c:func:`read()` or :c:func:`write()` call,
 	and the buffer size in bytes for the
 	:ref:`VIDIOC_QBUF` and
 	:ref:`VIDIOC_DQBUF <VIDIOC_QBUF>` ioctl. Drivers set this field

@@ -274,7 +271,6 @@ Sliced VBI services
 
     \normalsize
 
-
 Drivers may return an ``EINVAL`` error code when applications attempt to
 read or write data without prior format negotiation, after switching the
 video standard (which may invalidate the negotiated VBI parameters) and

@@ -284,13 +280,12 @@ return an ``EBUSY`` error code when applications attempt to change the
 format while i/o is in progress (between a
 :ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMON` and
 :ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMOFF <VIDIOC_STREAMON>` call, and after the first
-:ref:`read() <func-read>` or :ref:`write() <func-write>` call).
-
+:c:func:`read()` or :c:func:`write()` call).
 
 Reading and writing sliced VBI data
 ===================================
 
-A single :ref:`read() <func-read>` or :ref:`write() <func-write>`
+A single :c:func:`read()` or :c:func:`write()`
 call must pass all data belonging to one video frame. That is an array
 of struct :c:type:`v4l2_sliced_vbi_data` structures with one or
 more elements and a total size not exceeding ``io_size`` bytes. Likewise

@@ -298,7 +293,6 @@ in streaming I/O mode one buffer of ``io_size`` bytes must contain data
 of one video frame. The ``id`` of unused
 struct :c:type:`v4l2_sliced_vbi_data` elements must be zero.
 
-
 .. c:type:: v4l2_sliced_vbi_data
 
 struct v4l2_sliced_vbi_data

@@ -344,9 +338,8 @@ struct v4l2_sliced_vbi_data
 	bytes at the end of this array are undefined, drivers and
 	applications shall ignore them.
 
-
 Packets are always passed in ascending line number order, without
-duplicate line numbers. The :ref:`write() <func-write>` function and
+duplicate line numbers. The :c:func:`write()` function and
 the :ref:`VIDIOC_QBUF` ioctl must return an ``EINVAL``
 error code when applications violate this rule. They must also return an
 EINVAL error code when applications pass an incorrect field or line

@@ -370,7 +363,6 @@ streaming (:ref:`memory mapping <mmap>` and/or
 :ref:`user pointer <userp>`) I/O. The latter bears the possibility of
 synchronizing video and VBI data by using buffer timestamps.
 
-
 Sliced VBI Data in MPEG Streams
 ===============================
 

@@ -405,7 +397,6 @@ data insertion is not supported by the device.
 The following subsections specify the format of the embedded sliced VBI
 data.
 
-
 MPEG Stream Embedded, Sliced VBI Data Format: NONE
 --------------------------------------------------
 

@@ -417,7 +408,6 @@ nor driver shall insert "empty" embedded sliced VBI data packets in the
 MPEG stream when this format is set. No MPEG stream data structures are
 specified for this format.
 
-
 MPEG Stream Embedded, Sliced VBI Data Format: IVTV
 --------------------------------------------------
 

@@ -460,7 +450,6 @@ the end with unspecified fill bytes to align the end of the payload to a
 with 18 lines/field with 43 bytes of data/line and a 4 byte magic
 number).
 
-
 .. c:type:: v4l2_mpeg_vbi_fmt_ivtv
 
 struct v4l2_mpeg_vbi_fmt_ivtv

@@ -523,7 +512,6 @@ Magic Constants for struct v4l2_mpeg_vbi_fmt_ivtv magic field
 	valid and that 36 lines of sliced VBI data are present.
 
 
-
 .. c:type:: v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0
 
 .. c:type:: v4l2_mpeg_vbi_ITV0

@@ -548,7 +536,6 @@ structs v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0 and v4l2_mpeg_vbi_ITV0
 	value:
 
 
-
 	::
 
 	    linemask[0] b0:     line  6  first field

@@ -574,7 +561,6 @@ structs v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0 and v4l2_mpeg_vbi_ITV0
 	applications.
 
 
-
 .. _v4l2-mpeg-vbi-itv0-1:
 
 struct v4l2_mpeg_vbi_ITV0

@@ -596,7 +582,6 @@ struct v4l2_mpeg_vbi_ITV0
 	lines 6 through 23 of the second field.
 
 
-
 .. c:type:: v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0_line
 
 struct v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0_line

@@ -619,7 +604,6 @@ struct v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0_line
       - The sliced VBI data for the line.
 
 
-
 .. _ITV0-Line-Identifier-Constants:
 
 Line Identifiers for struct v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0_line id field

@@ -653,7 +637,6 @@ Line Identifiers for struct v4l2_mpeg_vbi_itv0_line id field
 	description of the line payload.
 
 
-
 .. [#f1]
    According to :ref:`ETS 300 706 <ets300706>` lines 6-22 of the first
    field and lines 5-22 of the second field may carry Teletext data.

index 3f7bac44377c..caa05fbbd396 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _diff-v4l:
 

@@ -13,7 +14,6 @@ the much improved V4L2 API replaces the V4L API. The support for the old
 V4L calls were removed from Kernel, but the library :ref:`libv4l`
 supports the conversion of a V4L API system call into a V4L2 one.
 
-
 Opening and Closing Devices
 ===========================
 

@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ recommend that V4L2 drivers by default register devices with the same
 numbers, but the system administrator can assign arbitrary minor numbers
 using driver module options. The major device number remains 81.
 
-
 .. _v4l-dev:
 
 .. flat-table:: V4L Device Types, Names and Numbers

@@ -53,14 +52,12 @@ using driver module options. The major device number remains 81.
       - ``/dev/vbi``, ``/dev/vbi0`` to ``/dev/vbi31``
       - 224-255
 
-
 V4L prohibits (or used to prohibit) multiple opens of a device file.
 V4L2 drivers *may* support multiple opens, see :ref:`open` for details
 and consequences.
 
 V4L drivers respond to V4L2 ioctls with an ``EINVAL`` error code.
 
-
 Querying Capabilities
 =====================
 

@@ -151,7 +148,6 @@ introduction.
       - ``-``
       - See above.
 
-
 The ``audios`` field was replaced by ``capabilities`` flag
 ``V4L2_CAP_AUDIO``, indicating *if* the device has any audio inputs or
 outputs. To determine their number applications can enumerate audio

@@ -164,7 +160,6 @@ were removed. Calling the :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` or
 dimensions returns the closest size possible, taking into account the
 current video standard, cropping and scaling limitations.
 
-
 Video Sources
 =============
 

@@ -180,7 +175,6 @@ The ``channel`` field counting inputs was renamed to ``index``, the
 video input types were renamed as follows:
 
 
-
 .. flat-table::
     :header-rows:  1
     :stub-columns: 0

@@ -192,7 +186,6 @@ video input types were renamed as follows:
     * - ``VIDEO_TYPE_CAMERA``
       - ``V4L2_INPUT_TYPE_CAMERA``
 
-
 Unlike the ``tuners`` field expressing the number of tuners of this
 input, V4L2 assumes each video input is connected to at most one tuner.
 However a tuner can have more than one input, i. e. RF connectors, and a

@@ -216,7 +209,6 @@ addition together with the ``norm`` field and has been removed in the
 meantime. V4L2 has a similar, albeit more comprehensive approach to
 video standards, see :ref:`standard` for more information.
 
-
 Tuning
 ======
 

@@ -260,7 +252,6 @@ frequency where renamed to
 to a struct :c:type:`v4l2_frequency` instead of an
 unsigned long integer.
 
-
 .. _v4l-image-properties:
 
 Image Properties

@@ -274,7 +265,6 @@ replaced by V4L2 controls accessible with the
 :ref:`VIDIOC_S_CTRL <VIDIOC_G_CTRL>` ioctls:
 
 
-
 .. flat-table::
     :header-rows:  1
     :stub-columns: 0

@@ -292,7 +282,6 @@ replaced by V4L2 controls accessible with the
     * - ``whiteness``
       - ``V4L2_CID_WHITENESS``
 
-
 The V4L picture controls are assumed to range from 0 to 65535 with no
 particular reset value. The V4L2 API permits arbitrary limits and
 defaults which can be queried with the

@@ -306,7 +295,6 @@ of the image depth and others need not know. The ``palette`` field moved
 into the struct :c:type:`v4l2_pix_format`:
 
 
-
 .. flat-table::
     :header-rows:  1
     :stub-columns: 0

@@ -346,11 +334,9 @@ into the struct :c:type:`v4l2_pix_format`:
     * - ``VIDEO_PALETTE_YUV410P``
       - :ref:`V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU410 <V4L2-PIX-FMT-YVU410>`
 
-
 V4L2 image formats are defined in :ref:`pixfmt`. The image format can
 be selected with the :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` ioctl.
 
-
 Audio
 =====
 

@@ -384,7 +370,6 @@ The following fields where replaced by V4L2 controls accessible with the
 :ref:`VIDIOC_S_CTRL <VIDIOC_G_CTRL>` ioctls:
 
 
-
 .. flat-table::
     :header-rows:  1
     :stub-columns: 0

@@ -400,7 +385,6 @@ The following fields where replaced by V4L2 controls accessible with the
     * - ``balance``
       - ``V4L2_CID_AUDIO_BALANCE``
 
-
 To determine which of these controls are supported by a driver V4L
 provides the ``flags`` ``VIDEO_AUDIO_VOLUME``, ``VIDEO_AUDIO_BASS``,
 ``VIDEO_AUDIO_TREBLE`` and ``VIDEO_AUDIO_BALANCE``. In the V4L2 API the

@@ -416,7 +400,6 @@ V4L2 API permits arbitrary limits and defaults which can be queried with
 the :ref:`VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL` ioctl. For general
 information about controls see :ref:`control`.
 
-
 Frame Buffer Overlay
 ====================
 

@@ -463,7 +446,6 @@ size is determined by ``w.width`` and ``w.height``.
 The ``VIDIOCCAPTURE`` ioctl to enable or disable overlay was renamed to
 :ref:`VIDIOC_OVERLAY`.
 
-
 Cropping
 ========
 

@@ -490,21 +472,19 @@ struct :c:type:`v4l2_window`. These structures are used to
 select a capture or overlay format with the
 :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` ioctl.
 
-
 Reading Images, Memory Mapping
 ==============================
 
-
 Capturing using the read method
 -------------------------------
 
 There is no essential difference between reading images from a V4L or
-V4L2 device using the :ref:`read() <func-read>` function, however V4L2
+V4L2 device using the :c:func:`read()` function, however V4L2
 drivers are not required to support this I/O method. Applications can
 determine if the function is available with the
 :ref:`VIDIOC_QUERYCAP` ioctl. All V4L2 devices
 exchanging data with applications must support the
-:ref:`select() <func-select>` and :ref:`poll() <func-poll>`
+:c:func:`select()` and :c:func:`poll()`
 functions.
 
 To select an image format and size, V4L provides the ``VIDIOCSPICT`` and

@@ -517,7 +497,6 @@ negotiation ioctls :ref:`VIDIOC_G_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` and
 
 For more information about the V4L2 read interface see :ref:`rw`.
 
-
 Capturing using memory mapping
 ------------------------------
 

@@ -528,7 +507,6 @@ read method. V4L2 supports memory mapping as well, with a few
 differences.
 
 
-
 .. flat-table::
     :header-rows:  1
     :stub-columns: 0

@@ -550,7 +528,7 @@ differences.
 	``VIDIOCGMBUF`` ioctl is available to query the number of buffers,
 	the offset of each buffer from the start of the virtual file, and
 	the overall amount of memory used, which can be used as arguments
-	for the :ref:`mmap() <func-mmap>` function.
+	for the :c:func:`mmap()` function.
       - Buffers are individually mapped. The offset and size of each
 	buffer can be determined with the
 	:ref:`VIDIOC_QUERYBUF` ioctl.

@@ -568,7 +546,7 @@ differences.
 	the incoming queue. Filled buffers are dequeued from the outgoing
 	queue with the :ref:`VIDIOC_DQBUF <VIDIOC_QBUF>` ioctl. To wait
 	until filled buffers become available this function,
-	:ref:`select() <func-select>` or :ref:`poll() <func-poll>` can
+	:c:func:`select()` or :c:func:`poll()` can
 	be used. The :ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMON` ioctl
 	must be called once after enqueuing one or more buffers to start
 	capturing. Its counterpart

@@ -577,11 +555,9 @@ differences.
 	signal status, if known, with the
 	:ref:`VIDIOC_ENUMINPUT` ioctl.
 
-
 For a more in-depth discussion of memory mapping and examples, see
 :ref:`mmap`.
 
-
 Reading Raw VBI Data
 ====================
 

@@ -592,7 +568,6 @@ the V4L VBI interface. Reading from the device yields a raw VBI image
 with the following parameters:
 
 
-
 .. flat-table::
     :header-rows:  1
     :stub-columns: 0

@@ -616,7 +591,6 @@ with the following parameters:
     * - flags
       - 0
 
-
 Undocumented in the V4L specification, in Linux 2.3 the
 ``VIDIOCGVBIFMT`` and ``VIDIOCSVBIFMT`` ioctls using struct
 ``vbi_format`` were added to determine the VBI image

@@ -630,11 +604,10 @@ remaining fields are probably equivalent to struct
 
 Apparently only the Zoran (ZR 36120) driver implements these ioctls. The
 semantics differ from those specified for V4L2 in two ways. The
-parameters are reset on :ref:`open() <func-open>` and
+parameters are reset on :c:func:`open()` and
 ``VIDIOCSVBIFMT`` always returns an ``EINVAL`` error code if the parameters
 are invalid.
 
-
 Miscellaneous
 =============
 

index f43d400dafaa..50fba11c2477 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _dmabuf:
 

@@ -36,7 +37,6 @@ are passed in struct :c:type:`v4l2_buffer` (or in struct
 driver must be switched into DMABUF I/O mode by calling the
 :ref:`VIDIOC_REQBUFS <VIDIOC_REQBUFS>` with the desired buffer type.
 
-
 Example: Initiating streaming I/O with DMABUF file descriptors
 ==============================================================
 

@@ -135,10 +135,10 @@ buffers it must wait until an empty buffer can be dequeued and reused.
 Two methods exist to suspend execution of the application until one or
 more buffers can be dequeued. By default :ref:`VIDIOC_DQBUF
 <VIDIOC_QBUF>` blocks when no buffer is in the outgoing queue. When the
-``O_NONBLOCK`` flag was given to the :ref:`open() <func-open>` function,
+``O_NONBLOCK`` flag was given to the :c:func:`open()` function,
 :ref:`VIDIOC_DQBUF <VIDIOC_QBUF>` returns immediately with an ``EAGAIN``
 error code when no buffer is available. The
-:ref:`select() <func-select>` and :ref:`poll() <func-poll>`
+:c:func:`select()` and :c:func:`poll()`
 functions are always available.
 
 To start and stop capturing or displaying applications call the

@@ -158,5 +158,5 @@ Drivers implementing DMABUF importing I/O must support the
 :ref:`VIDIOC_REQBUFS <VIDIOC_REQBUFS>`, :ref:`VIDIOC_QBUF <VIDIOC_QBUF>`,
 :ref:`VIDIOC_DQBUF <VIDIOC_QBUF>`, :ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMON
 <VIDIOC_STREAMON>` and :ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMOFF <VIDIOC_STREAMON>` ioctls,
-and the :ref:`select() <func-select>` and :ref:`poll() <func-poll>`
+and the :c:func:`select()` and :c:func:`poll()`
 functions.

index eaa6445f6160..35bbb2fea46e 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _format:
 

@@ -6,7 +7,6 @@
 Data Formats
 ************
 
-
 Data Format Negotiation
 =======================
 

@@ -53,8 +53,8 @@ image size.
 When applications omit the :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` ioctl its locking side
 effects are implied by the next step, the selection of an I/O method
 with the :ref:`VIDIOC_REQBUFS` ioctl or implicit
-with the first :ref:`read() <func-read>` or
-:ref:`write() <func-write>` call.
+with the first :c:func:`read()` or
+:c:func:`write()` call.
 
 Generally only one logical stream can be assigned to a file descriptor,
 the exception being drivers permitting simultaneous video capturing and

@@ -67,7 +67,6 @@ All drivers exchanging data with applications must support the
 :ref:`VIDIOC_G_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` and :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` ioctl. Implementation of the
 :ref:`VIDIOC_TRY_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` is highly recommended but optional.
 
-
 Image Format Enumeration
 ========================
 

index c03ff3e62738..dba3263fd1b9 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _func-close:
 

@@ -11,7 +12,6 @@ Name
 
 v4l2-close - Close a V4L2 device
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 

@@ -19,16 +19,13 @@ Synopsis
 
     #include <unistd.h>
 
-
 .. c:function:: int close( int fd )
-    :name: v4l2-close
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :ref:`open() <func-open>`.
-
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 Description
 ===========

@@ -38,7 +35,6 @@ associated with the file descriptor are freed. However data format
 parameters, current input or output, control values or other properties
 remain unchanged.
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 

index 8bde6b4f1cb5..f3b005094334 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _func-ioctl:
 

@@ -11,7 +12,6 @@ Name
 
 v4l2-ioctl - Program a V4L2 device
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 

@@ -19,15 +19,13 @@ Synopsis
 
     #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 
-
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, int request, void *argp )
-    :name: v4l2-ioctl
+``int ioctl(int fd, int request, void *argp)``
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :ref:`open() <func-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``request``
     V4L2 ioctl request code as defined in the ``videodev2.h`` header

@@ -36,7 +34,6 @@ Arguments
 ``argp``
     Pointer to a function parameter, usually a structure.
 
-
 Description
 ===========
 

@@ -50,7 +47,6 @@ include the version in the kernel sources on the system they compile on.
 All V4L2 ioctl requests, their respective function and parameters are
 specified in :ref:`user-func`.
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 

index b3a9cd862a7f..e3e5e64ebe7e 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _func-mmap:
 

@@ -11,7 +12,6 @@ Name
 
 v4l2-mmap - Map device memory into application address space
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 

@@ -20,9 +20,7 @@ Synopsis
     #include <unistd.h>
     #include <sys/mman.h>
 
-
 .. c:function:: void *mmap( void *start, size_t length, int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset )
-    :name: v4l2-mmap
 
 Arguments
 =========

@@ -54,7 +52,7 @@ Arguments
       #. The Linux ``videobuf`` kernel module, which is used by some
 	 drivers supports only ``PROT_READ`` | ``PROT_WRITE``. When the
 	 driver does not support the desired protection, the
-	 :ref:`mmap() <func-mmap>` function fails.
+	 :c:func:`mmap()` function fails.
 
       #. Device memory accesses (e. g. the memory on a graphics card
 	 with video capturing hardware) may incur a performance penalty

@@ -70,7 +68,7 @@ Arguments
 
     ``MAP_FIXED`` requests that the driver selects no other address than
     the one specified. If the specified address cannot be used,
-    :ref:`mmap() <func-mmap>` will fail. If ``MAP_FIXED`` is specified,
+    :c:func:`mmap()` will fail. If ``MAP_FIXED`` is specified,
     ``start`` must be a multiple of the pagesize. Use of this option is
     discouraged.
 

@@ -87,7 +85,7 @@ Arguments
        flags.
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :ref:`open() <func-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``offset``
     Offset of the buffer in device memory. This must be the same value

@@ -97,11 +95,10 @@ Arguments
     in the struct :c:type:`v4l2_plane` ``m`` union
     ``mem_offset`` field for the multi-planar API.
 
-
 Description
 ===========
 
-The :ref:`mmap() <func-mmap>` function asks to map ``length`` bytes starting at
+The :c:func:`mmap()` function asks to map ``length`` bytes starting at
 ``offset`` in the memory of the device specified by ``fd`` into the
 application address space, preferably at address ``start``. This latter
 address is a hint only, and is usually specified as 0.

@@ -111,13 +108,12 @@ Suitable length and offset parameters are queried with the
 allocated with the :ref:`VIDIOC_REQBUFS` ioctl
 before they can be queried.
 
-To unmap buffers the :ref:`munmap() <func-munmap>` function is used.
-
+To unmap buffers the :c:func:`munmap()` function is used.
 
 Return Value
 ============
 
-On success :ref:`mmap() <func-mmap>` returns a pointer to the mapped buffer. On
+On success :c:func:`mmap()` returns a pointer to the mapped buffer. On
 error ``MAP_FAILED`` (-1) is returned, and the ``errno`` variable is set
 appropriately. Possible error codes are:
 

index e8a27e43373a..077d58333904 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _func-munmap:
 

@@ -11,7 +12,6 @@ Name
 
 v4l2-munmap - Unmap device memory
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 

@@ -20,37 +20,33 @@ Synopsis
     #include <unistd.h>
     #include <sys/mman.h>
 
-
 .. c:function:: int munmap( void *start, size_t length )
-    :name: v4l2-munmap
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``start``
     Address of the mapped buffer as returned by the
-    :ref:`mmap() <func-mmap>` function.
+    :c:func:`mmap()` function.
 
 ``length``
     Length of the mapped buffer. This must be the same value as given to
-    :ref:`mmap() <func-mmap>` and returned by the driver in the struct
+    :c:func:`mmap()` and returned by the driver in the struct
     :c:type:`v4l2_buffer` ``length`` field for the
     single-planar API and in the struct
     :c:type:`v4l2_plane` ``length`` field for the
     multi-planar API.
 
-
 Description
 ===========
 
-Unmaps a previously with the :ref:`mmap() <func-mmap>` function mapped
+Unmaps a previously with the :c:func:`mmap()` function mapped
 buffer and frees it, if possible.
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 
-On success :ref:`munmap() <func-munmap>` returns 0, on failure -1 and the
+On success :c:func:`munmap()` returns 0, on failure -1 and the
 ``errno`` variable is set appropriately:
 
 EINVAL

index f3890d284918..ba23ff1e45dd 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _func-open:
 

@@ -11,7 +12,6 @@ Name
 
 v4l2-open - Open a V4L2 device
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 

@@ -19,9 +19,7 @@ Synopsis
 
     #include <fcntl.h>
 
-
 .. c:function:: int open( const char *device_name, int flags )
-    :name: v4l2-open
 
 Arguments
 =========

@@ -34,7 +32,7 @@ Arguments
     technicality, input devices still support only reading and output
     devices only writing.
 
-    When the ``O_NONBLOCK`` flag is given, the :ref:`read() <func-read>`
+    When the ``O_NONBLOCK`` flag is given, the :c:func:`read()`
     function and the :ref:`VIDIOC_DQBUF <VIDIOC_QBUF>` ioctl will
     return the ``EAGAIN`` error code when no data is available or no
     buffer is in the driver outgoing queue, otherwise these functions

@@ -43,22 +41,20 @@ Arguments
 
     Other flags have no effect.
 
-
 Description
 ===========
 
-To open a V4L2 device applications call :ref:`open() <func-open>` with the
+To open a V4L2 device applications call :c:func:`open()` with the
 desired device name. This function has no side effects; all data format
 parameters, current input or output, control values or other properties
-remain unchanged. At the first :ref:`open() <func-open>` call after loading the
+remain unchanged. At the first :c:func:`open()` call after loading the
 driver they will be reset to default values, drivers are never in an
 undefined state.
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 
-On success :ref:`open() <func-open>` returns the new file descriptor. On error
+On success :c:func:`open()` returns the new file descriptor. On error
 -1 is returned, and the ``errno`` variable is set appropriately.
 Possible error codes are:
 

index 95cf9c6fedcd..cbf4a0a10ae2 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _func-poll:
 

@@ -11,7 +12,6 @@ Name
 
 v4l2-poll - Wait for some event on a file descriptor
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 

@@ -19,19 +19,16 @@ Synopsis
 
     #include <sys/poll.h>
 
-
 .. c:function:: int poll( struct pollfd *ufds, unsigned int nfds, int timeout )
-    :name: v4l2-poll
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 
-
 Description
 ===========
 
-With the :ref:`poll() <func-poll>` function applications can suspend execution
+With the :c:func:`poll()` function applications can suspend execution
 until the driver has captured data or is ready to accept data for
 output.
 

@@ -44,57 +41,56 @@ display. When buffers are already in the outgoing queue of the driver
 (capture) or the incoming queue isn't full (display) the function
 returns immediately.
 
-On success :ref:`poll() <func-poll>` returns the number of file descriptors
+On success :c:func:`poll()` returns the number of file descriptors
 that have been selected (that is, file descriptors for which the
-``revents`` field of the respective :c:func:`struct pollfd` structure
+``revents`` field of the respective ``struct pollfd`` structure
 is non-zero). Capture devices set the ``POLLIN`` and ``POLLRDNORM``
 flags in the ``revents`` field, output devices the ``POLLOUT`` and
 ``POLLWRNORM`` flags. When the function timed out it returns a value of
 zero, on failure it returns -1 and the ``errno`` variable is set
 appropriately. When the application did not call
-:ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMON <VIDIOC_STREAMON>` the :ref:`poll() <func-poll>`
+:ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMON <VIDIOC_STREAMON>` the :c:func:`poll()`
 function succeeds, but sets the ``POLLERR`` flag in the ``revents``
 field. When the application has called
 :ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMON <VIDIOC_STREAMON>` for a capture device but
 hasn't yet called :ref:`VIDIOC_QBUF <VIDIOC_QBUF>`, the
-:ref:`poll() <func-poll>` function succeeds and sets the ``POLLERR`` flag in
+:c:func:`poll()` function succeeds and sets the ``POLLERR`` flag in
 the ``revents`` field. For output devices this same situation will cause
-:ref:`poll() <func-poll>` to succeed as well, but it sets the ``POLLOUT`` and
+:c:func:`poll()` to succeed as well, but it sets the ``POLLOUT`` and
 ``POLLWRNORM`` flags in the ``revents`` field.
 
 If an event occurred (see :ref:`VIDIOC_DQEVENT`)
 then ``POLLPRI`` will be set in the ``revents`` field and
-:ref:`poll() <func-poll>` will return.
+:c:func:`poll()` will return.
 
-When use of the :ref:`read() <func-read>` function has been negotiated and the
-driver does not capture yet, the :ref:`poll() <func-poll>` function starts
+When use of the :c:func:`read()` function has been negotiated and the
+driver does not capture yet, the :c:func:`poll()` function starts
 capturing. When that fails it returns a ``POLLERR`` as above. Otherwise
 it waits until data has been captured and can be read. When the driver
 captures continuously (as opposed to, for example, still images) the
 function may return immediately.
 
-When use of the :ref:`write() <func-write>` function has been negotiated and the
-driver does not stream yet, the :ref:`poll() <func-poll>` function starts
+When use of the :c:func:`write()` function has been negotiated and the
+driver does not stream yet, the :c:func:`poll()` function starts
 streaming. When that fails it returns a ``POLLERR`` as above. Otherwise
 it waits until the driver is ready for a non-blocking
-:ref:`write() <func-write>` call.
+:c:func:`write()` call.
 
 If the caller is only interested in events (just ``POLLPRI`` is set in
-the ``events`` field), then :ref:`poll() <func-poll>` will *not* start
+the ``events`` field), then :c:func:`poll()` will *not* start
 streaming if the driver does not stream yet. This makes it possible to
 just poll for events and not for buffers.
 
-All drivers implementing the :ref:`read() <func-read>` or :ref:`write() <func-write>`
-function or streaming I/O must also support the :ref:`poll() <func-poll>`
+All drivers implementing the :c:func:`read()` or :c:func:`write()`
+function or streaming I/O must also support the :c:func:`poll()`
 function.
 
-For more details see the :ref:`poll() <func-poll>` manual page.
-
+For more details see the :c:func:`poll()` manual page.
 
 Return Value
 ============
 
-On success, :ref:`poll() <func-poll>` returns the number structures which have
+On success, :c:func:`poll()` returns the number structures which have
 non-zero ``revents`` fields, or zero if the call timed out. On error -1
 is returned, and the ``errno`` variable is set appropriately:
 

index 56b255c595e1..e6f6ac4bed77 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _func-read:
 

@@ -11,7 +12,6 @@ Name
 
 v4l2-read - Read from a V4L2 device
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 

@@ -19,15 +19,13 @@ Synopsis
 
     #include <unistd.h>
 
-
 .. c:function:: ssize_t read( int fd, void *buf, size_t count )
-    :name: v4l2-read
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :ref:`open() <func-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``buf``
    Buffer to be filled

@@ -38,48 +36,48 @@ Arguments
 Description
 ===========
 
-:ref:`read() <func-read>` attempts to read up to ``count`` bytes from file
+:c:func:`read()` attempts to read up to ``count`` bytes from file
 descriptor ``fd`` into the buffer starting at ``buf``. The layout of the
 data in the buffer is discussed in the respective device interface
-section, see ##. If ``count`` is zero, :ref:`read() <func-read>` returns zero
+section, see ##. If ``count`` is zero, :c:func:`read()` returns zero
 and has no other results. If ``count`` is greater than ``SSIZE_MAX``,
 the result is unspecified. Regardless of the ``count`` value each
-:ref:`read() <func-read>` call will provide at most one frame (two fields)
+:c:func:`read()` call will provide at most one frame (two fields)
 worth of data.
 
-By default :ref:`read() <func-read>` blocks until data becomes available. When
-the ``O_NONBLOCK`` flag was given to the :ref:`open() <func-open>`
+By default :c:func:`read()` blocks until data becomes available. When
+the ``O_NONBLOCK`` flag was given to the :c:func:`open()`
 function it returns immediately with an ``EAGAIN`` error code when no data
-is available. The :ref:`select() <func-select>` or
-:ref:`poll() <func-poll>` functions can always be used to suspend
+is available. The :c:func:`select()` or
+:c:func:`poll()` functions can always be used to suspend
 execution until data becomes available. All drivers supporting the
-:ref:`read() <func-read>` function must also support :ref:`select() <func-select>` and
-:ref:`poll() <func-poll>`.
+:c:func:`read()` function must also support :c:func:`select()` and
+:c:func:`poll()`.
 
 Drivers can implement read functionality in different ways, using a
 single or multiple buffers and discarding the oldest or newest frames
 once the internal buffers are filled.
 
-:ref:`read() <func-read>` never returns a "snapshot" of a buffer being filled.
+:c:func:`read()` never returns a "snapshot" of a buffer being filled.
 Using a single buffer the driver will stop capturing when the
 application starts reading the buffer until the read is finished. Thus
 only the period of the vertical blanking interval is available for
 reading, or the capture rate must fall below the nominal frame rate of
 the video standard.
 
-The behavior of :ref:`read() <func-read>` when called during the active picture
+The behavior of :c:func:`read()` when called during the active picture
 period or the vertical blanking separating the top and bottom field
 depends on the discarding policy. A driver discarding the oldest frames
 keeps capturing into an internal buffer, continuously overwriting the
 previously, not read frame, and returns the frame being received at the
-time of the :ref:`read() <func-read>` call as soon as it is complete.
+time of the :c:func:`read()` call as soon as it is complete.
 
 A driver discarding the newest frames stops capturing until the next
-:ref:`read() <func-read>` call. The frame being received at :ref:`read() <func-read>`
+:c:func:`read()` call. The frame being received at :c:func:`read()`
 time is discarded, returning the following frame instead. Again this
 implies a reduction of the capture rate to one half or less of the
 nominal frame rate. An example of this model is the video read mode of
-the bttv driver, initiating a DMA to user memory when :ref:`read() <func-read>`
+the bttv driver, initiating a DMA to user memory when :c:func:`read()`
 is called and returning when the DMA finished.
 
 In the multiple buffer model drivers maintain a ring of internal

@@ -94,14 +92,13 @@ the driver with the :ref:`VIDIOC_G_PARM <VIDIOC_G_PARM>` and
 however. The discarding policy is not reported and cannot be changed.
 For minimum requirements see :ref:`devices`.
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 
 On success, the number of bytes read is returned. It is not an error if
 this number is smaller than the number of bytes requested, or the amount
 of data required for one frame. This may happen for example because
-:ref:`read() <func-read>` was interrupted by a signal. On error, -1 is
+:c:func:`read()` was interrupted by a signal. On error, -1 is
 returned, and the ``errno`` variable is set appropriately. In this case
 the next read will start at the beginning of a new frame. Possible error
 codes are:

@@ -129,5 +126,5 @@ EIO
     communicate with a remote device (USB camera etc.).
 
 EINVAL
-    The :ref:`read() <func-read>` function is not supported by this driver, not
+    The :c:func:`read()` function is not supported by this driver, not
     on this device, or generally not on this type of device.

96 lines not on this page · raw message

index 37683611df04..49f5a0f4275f 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _func-write:
 

@@ -11,7 +12,6 @@ Name
 
 v4l2-write - Write to a V4L2 device
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 

@@ -19,15 +19,13 @@ Synopsis
 
     #include <unistd.h>
 
-
 .. c:function:: ssize_t write( int fd, void *buf, size_t count )
-    :name: v4l2-write
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :ref:`open() <func-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``buf``
      Buffer with data to be written

@@ -38,10 +36,10 @@ Arguments
 Description
 ===========
 
-:ref:`write() <func-write>` writes up to ``count`` bytes to the device
+:c:func:`write()` writes up to ``count`` bytes to the device
 referenced by the file descriptor ``fd`` from the buffer starting at
 ``buf``. When the hardware outputs are not active yet, this function
-enables them. When ``count`` is zero, :ref:`write() <func-write>` returns 0
+enables them. When ``count`` is zero, :c:func:`write()` returns 0
 without any other effect.
 
 When the application does not provide more data in time, the previous

@@ -49,7 +47,6 @@ video frame, raw VBI image, sliced VPS or WSS data is displayed again.
 Sliced Teletext or Closed Caption data is not repeated, the driver
 inserts a blank line instead.
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 

@@ -80,5 +77,5 @@ EIO
     I/O error. This indicates some hardware problem.
 
 EINVAL
-    The :ref:`write() <func-write>` function is not supported by this driver,
+    The :c:func:`write()` function is not supported by this driver,
     not on this device, or generally not on this type of device.

461 lines not on this page · raw message

index 9dc36b41dbf6..ce0cece6f35f 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _io:
 

@@ -9,8 +10,8 @@ The V4L2 API defines several different methods to read from or write to
 a device. All drivers exchanging data with applications must support at
 least one of them.
 
-The classic I/O method using the :ref:`read() <func-read>` and
-:ref:`write() <func-write>` function is automatically selected after opening a
+The classic I/O method using the :c:func:`read()` and
+:c:func:`write()` function is automatically selected after opening a
 V4L2 device. When the driver does not support this method attempts to
 read or write will fail at any time.
 

@@ -38,7 +39,6 @@ closing and reopening the device.
 
 The following sections describe the various I/O methods in more detail.
 
-
 .. toctree::
     :maxdepth: 1
 

index e03280b35570..05690f2358ce 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _libv4l-introduction:
 

@@ -17,7 +18,6 @@ An example of using libv4l is provided by
 
 libv4l consists of 3 different libraries:
 
-
 libv4lconvert
 =============
 

@@ -65,7 +65,6 @@ libv4lconvert/processing. These controls are stored application wide
 libv4lconvert/processing offers the actual video processing
 functionality.
 
-
 libv4l1
 =======
 

@@ -78,7 +77,6 @@ just pass calls through.
 Since those functions are emulations of the old V4L1 API, it shouldn't
 be used for new applications.
 
-
 libv4l2
 =======
 

@@ -105,7 +103,6 @@ available in the driver. :ref:`VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT <VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT>`
 keeps enumerating the hardware supported formats, plus the emulated
 formats offered by libv4l at the end.
 
-
 .. _libv4l-ops:
 
 Libv4l device control functions

@@ -115,17 +112,17 @@ The common file operation methods are provided by libv4l.
 
 Those functions operate just like the gcc function ``dup()`` and
 V4L2 functions
-:c:func:`open() <v4l2-open>`, :c:func:`close() <v4l2-close>`,
-:c:func:`ioctl() <v4l2-ioctl>`, :c:func:`read() <v4l2-read>`,
-:c:func:`mmap() <v4l2-mmap>` and :c:func:`munmap() <v4l2-munmap>`:
+:c:func:`open()`, :c:func:`close()`,
+:c:func:`ioctl()`, :c:func:`read()`,
+:c:func:`mmap()` and :c:func:`munmap()`:
 
 .. c:function:: int v4l2_open(const char *file, int oflag, ...)
 
-   operates like the :c:func:`open() <v4l2-open>` function.
+   operates like the :c:func:`open()` function.
 
 .. c:function:: int v4l2_close(int fd)
 
-   operates like the :c:func:`close() <v4l2-close>` function.
+   operates like the :c:func:`close()` function.
 
 .. c:function:: int v4l2_dup(int fd)
 

@@ -133,19 +130,19 @@ V4L2 functions
 
 .. c:function:: int v4l2_ioctl (int fd, unsigned long int request, ...)
 
-   operates like the :c:func:`ioctl() <v4l2-ioctl>` function.
+   operates like the :c:func:`ioctl()` function.
 
 .. c:function:: int v4l2_read (int fd, void* buffer, size_t n)
 
-   operates like the :c:func:`read() <v4l2-read>` function.
+   operates like the :c:func:`read()` function.
 
 .. c:function:: void v4l2_mmap(void *start, size_t length, int prot, int flags, int fd, int64_t offset);
 
-   operates like the :c:func:`munmap() <v4l2-munmap>` function.
+   operates like the :c:func:`munmap()` function.
 
 .. c:function:: int v4l2_munmap(void *_start, size_t length);
 
-   operates like the :c:func:`munmap() <v4l2-munmap>` function.
+   operates like the :c:func:`munmap()` function.
 
 Those functions provide additional control:
 

@@ -168,14 +165,13 @@ Those functions provide additional control:
    of the given v4l control id. when the cid does not exist, could not be
    accessed for some reason, or some error occurred 0 is returned.
 
-
 v4l1compat.so wrapper library
 =============================
 
 This library intercepts calls to
-:c:func:`open() <v4l2-open>`, :c:func:`close() <v4l2-close>`,
-:c:func:`ioctl() <v4l2-ioctl>`, :c:func:`mmap() <v4l2-mmap>` and
-:c:func:`munmap() <v4l2-munmap>`
+:c:func:`open()`, :c:func:`close()`,
+:c:func:`ioctl()`, :c:func:`mmap()` and
+:c:func:`munmap()`
 operations and redirects them to the libv4l counterparts, by using
 ``LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/v4l1compat.so``. It also emulates V4L1 calls via V4L2
 API.

index 1cce31c6de79..16b1e13b029f 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _mmap:
 

@@ -35,22 +36,22 @@ This ioctl can also be used to change the number of buffers or to free
 the allocated memory, provided none of the buffers are still mapped.
 
 Before applications can access the buffers they must map them into their
-address space with the :ref:`mmap() <func-mmap>` function. The
+address space with the :c:func:`mmap()` function. The
 location of the buffers in device memory can be determined with the
 :ref:`VIDIOC_QUERYBUF` ioctl. In the single-planar
 API case, the ``m.offset`` and ``length`` returned in a struct
 :c:type:`v4l2_buffer` are passed as sixth and second
-parameter to the :ref:`mmap() <func-mmap>` function. When using the
+parameter to the :c:func:`mmap()` function. When using the
 multi-planar API, struct :c:type:`v4l2_buffer` contains an
 array of struct :c:type:`v4l2_plane` structures, each
 containing its own ``m.offset`` and ``length``. When using the
 multi-planar API, every plane of every buffer has to be mapped
-separately, so the number of calls to :ref:`mmap() <func-mmap>` should
+separately, so the number of calls to :c:func:`mmap()` should
 be equal to number of buffers times number of planes in each buffer. The
 offset and length values must not be modified. Remember, the buffers are
 allocated in physical memory, as opposed to virtual memory, which can be
 swapped out to disk. Applications should free the buffers as soon as
-possible with the :ref:`munmap() <func-munmap>` function.
+possible with the :c:func:`munmap()` function.
 
 Example: Mapping buffers in the single-planar API
 =================================================

@@ -122,7 +123,6 @@ Example: Mapping buffers in the single-planar API
     for (i = 0; i < reqbuf.count; i++)
 	munmap(buffers[i].start, buffers[i].length);
 
-
 Example: Mapping buffers in the multi-planar API
 ================================================
 

@@ -238,10 +238,10 @@ be determined at any time using the :ref:`VIDIOC_QUERYBUF` ioctl. Two
 methods exist to suspend execution of the application until one or more
 buffers can be dequeued.  By default :ref:`VIDIOC_DQBUF <VIDIOC_QBUF>`
 blocks when no buffer is in the outgoing queue. When the ``O_NONBLOCK``
-flag was given to the :ref:`open() <func-open>` function,
+flag was given to the :c:func:`open()` function,
 :ref:`VIDIOC_DQBUF <VIDIOC_QBUF>` returns immediately with an ``EAGAIN``
-error code when no buffer is available. The :ref:`select() <func-select>`
-or :ref:`poll() <func-poll>` functions are always available.
+error code when no buffer is available. The :c:func:`select()`
+or :c:func:`poll()` functions are always available.
 
 To start and stop capturing or output applications call the
 :ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMON <VIDIOC_STREAMON>` and :ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMOFF

@@ -259,15 +259,15 @@ Drivers implementing memory mapping I/O must support the
 <VIDIOC_QUERYBUF>`, :ref:`VIDIOC_QBUF <VIDIOC_QBUF>`, :ref:`VIDIOC_DQBUF
 <VIDIOC_QBUF>`, :ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMON <VIDIOC_STREAMON>`
 and :ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMOFF <VIDIOC_STREAMON>` ioctls, the :ref:`mmap()
-<func-mmap>`, :ref:`munmap() <func-munmap>`, :ref:`select()
-<func-select>` and :ref:`poll() <func-poll>` function. [#f3]_
+<func-mmap>`, :c:func:`munmap()`, :ref:`select()
+<func-select>` and :c:func:`poll()` function. [#f3]_
 
 [capture example]
 
 .. [#f1]
    One could use one file descriptor and set the buffer type field
    accordingly when calling :ref:`VIDIOC_QBUF` etc.,
-   but it makes the :ref:`select() <func-select>` function ambiguous. We also
+   but it makes the :c:func:`select()` function ambiguous. We also
    like the clean approach of one file descriptor per logical stream.
    Video overlay for example is also a logical stream, although the CPU
    is not needed for continuous operation.

@@ -280,6 +280,6 @@ and :ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMOFF <VIDIOC_STREAMON>` ioctls, the :ref:`mmap()
    scatter-gather lists and the like.
 
 .. [#f3]
-   At the driver level :ref:`select() <func-select>` and :ref:`poll() <func-poll>` are
-   the same, and :ref:`select() <func-select>` is too important to be optional.
+   At the driver level :c:func:`select()` and :c:func:`poll()` are
+   the same, and :c:func:`select()` is too important to be optional.
    The rest should be evident.

index 4e8fd216a1b0..18bfb9b8137d 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _open:
 

@@ -140,7 +141,6 @@ means applications cannot *reliably* scan for loaded or installed
 drivers. The user must enter a device name, or the application can try
 the conventional device names.
 
-
 .. _related:
 
 Related Devices

@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ support all functions. However, in practice this never worked: this
 support it and if they did it was certainly never tested. In addition,
 switching a device node between different functions only works when
 using the streaming I/O API, not with the
-:ref:`read() <func-read>`/\ :ref:`write() <func-write>` API.
+:c:func:`read()`/\ :c:func:`write()` API.
 
 Today each V4L2 device node supports just one function.
 

@@ -178,7 +178,6 @@ the Media Controller. If you want to work on this please write to the
 linux-media mailing list:
 `https://linuxtv.org/lists.php <https://linuxtv.org/lists.php>`__.
 
-
 Multiple Opens
 ==============
 

@@ -192,8 +191,8 @@ device should not change the state of the device. [#f2]_
 Once an application has allocated the memory buffers needed for
 streaming data (by calling the :ref:`VIDIOC_REQBUFS`
 or :ref:`VIDIOC_CREATE_BUFS` ioctls, or
-implicitly by calling the :ref:`read() <func-read>` or
-:ref:`write() <func-write>` functions) that application (filehandle)
+implicitly by calling the :c:func:`read()` or
+:c:func:`write()` functions) that application (filehandle)
 becomes the owner of the device. It is no longer allowed to make changes
 that would affect the buffer sizes (e.g. by calling the
 :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` ioctl) and other applications are

@@ -206,7 +205,6 @@ requested type of data, and to change related properties, to this file
 descriptor. Applications can request additional access privileges using
 the priority mechanism described in :ref:`app-pri`.
 
-
 Shared Data Streams
 ===================
 

@@ -215,12 +213,11 @@ the same data stream on a device by copying buffers, time multiplexing
 or similar means. This is better handled by a proxy application in user
 space.
 
-
 Functions
 =========
 
 To open and close V4L2 devices applications use the
-:ref:`open() <func-open>` and :ref:`close() <func-close>` function,
+:c:func:`open()` and :c:func:`close()` function,
 respectively. Devices are programmed using the
 :ref:`ioctl() <func-ioctl>` function as explained in the following
 sections.

@@ -228,7 +225,7 @@ sections.
 .. [#f1]
    There are still some old and obscure drivers that have not been
    updated to allow for multiple opens. This implies that for such
-   drivers :ref:`open() <func-open>` can return an ``EBUSY`` error code
+   drivers :c:func:`open()` can return an ``EBUSY`` error code
    when the device is already in use.
 
 .. [#f2]

index 43609a27c3ec..64b85fb2a328 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _rw:
 

@@ -6,8 +7,8 @@
 Read/Write
 **********
 
-Input and output devices support the :ref:`read() <func-read>` and
-:ref:`write() <func-write>` function, respectively, when the
+Input and output devices support the :c:func:`read()` and
+:c:func:`write()` function, respectively, when the
 ``V4L2_CAP_READWRITE`` flag in the ``capabilities`` field of struct
 :c:type:`v4l2_capability` returned by the
 :ref:`VIDIOC_QUERYCAP` ioctl is set.

@@ -22,18 +23,17 @@ However this is also the simplest I/O method, requiring little or no
 setup to exchange data. It permits command line stunts like this (the
 vidctrl tool is fictitious):
 
-
 .. code-block:: none
 
     $ vidctrl /dev/video --input=0 --format=YUYV --size=352x288
     $ dd if=/dev/video of=myimage.422 bs=202752 count=1
 
-To read from the device applications use the :ref:`read() <func-read>`
-function, to write the :ref:`write() <func-write>` function. Drivers
+To read from the device applications use the :c:func:`read()`
+function, to write the :c:func:`write()` function. Drivers
 must implement one I/O method if they exchange data with applications,
 but it need not be this. [#f1]_ When reading or writing is supported, the
-driver must also support the :ref:`select() <func-select>` and
-:ref:`poll() <func-poll>` function. [#f2]_
+driver must also support the :c:func:`select()` and
+:c:func:`poll()` function. [#f2]_
 
 .. [#f1]
    It would be desirable if applications could depend on drivers

@@ -43,5 +43,5 @@ driver must also support the :ref:`select() <func-select>` and
    capturing still images.
 
 .. [#f2]
-   At the driver level :ref:`select() <func-select>` and :ref:`poll() <func-poll>` are
-   the same, and :ref:`select() <func-select>` is too important to be optional.
+   At the driver level :c:func:`select()` and :c:func:`poll()` are
+   the same, and :c:func:`select()` is too important to be optional.

index cc2e8fcecc7e..806cbfdad0f1 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _streaming-par:
 

@@ -14,13 +15,13 @@ The current video standard determines a nominal number of frames per
 second. If less than this number of frames is to be captured or output,
 applications can request frame skipping or duplicating on the driver
 side. This is especially useful when using the
-:ref:`read() <func-read>` or :ref:`write() <func-write>`, which are
+:c:func:`read()` or :c:func:`write()`, which are
 not augmented by timestamps or sequence counters, and to avoid
 unnecessary data copying.
 
 Finally these ioctls can be used to determine the number of buffers used
 internally by a driver in read/write mode. For implications see the
-section discussing the :ref:`read() <func-read>` function.
+section discussing the :c:func:`read()` function.
 
 To get and set the streaming parameters applications call the
 :ref:`VIDIOC_G_PARM <VIDIOC_G_PARM>` and

index 5b7321907dab..db224f9b611e 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _userp:
 

@@ -78,10 +79,10 @@ buffers it must wait until an empty buffer can be dequeued and reused.
 Two methods exist to suspend execution of the application until one or
 more buffers can be dequeued. By default :ref:`VIDIOC_DQBUF
 <VIDIOC_QBUF>` blocks when no buffer is in the outgoing queue. When the
-``O_NONBLOCK`` flag was given to the :ref:`open() <func-open>` function,
+``O_NONBLOCK`` flag was given to the :c:func:`open()` function,
 :ref:`VIDIOC_DQBUF <VIDIOC_QBUF>` returns immediately with an ``EAGAIN``
 error code when no buffer is available. The :ref:`select()
-<func-select>` or :ref:`poll() <func-poll>` function are always
+<func-select>` or :c:func:`poll()` function are always
 available.
 
 To start and stop capturing or output applications call the

@@ -101,7 +102,7 @@ Drivers implementing user pointer I/O must support the
 :ref:`VIDIOC_REQBUFS <VIDIOC_REQBUFS>`, :ref:`VIDIOC_QBUF <VIDIOC_QBUF>`,
 :ref:`VIDIOC_DQBUF <VIDIOC_QBUF>`, :ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMON <VIDIOC_STREAMON>`
 and :ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMOFF <VIDIOC_STREAMON>` ioctls, the
-:ref:`select() <func-select>` and :ref:`poll() <func-poll>` function. [#f2]_
+:c:func:`select()` and :c:func:`poll()` function. [#f2]_
 
 .. [#f1]
    We expect that frequently used buffers are typically not swapped out.

@@ -116,6 +117,6 @@ and :ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMOFF <VIDIOC_STREAMON>` ioctls, the
    because an application may share them with other processes.
 
 .. [#f2]
-   At the driver level :ref:`select() <func-select>` and :ref:`poll() <func-poll>` are
-   the same, and :ref:`select() <func-select>` is too important to be optional.
+   At the driver level :c:func:`select()` and :c:func:`poll()` are
+   the same, and :c:func:`select()` is too important to be optional.
    The rest should be evident.

index d999028f47df..b06e5b528e11 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _VIDIOC_CREATE_BUFS:
 

@@ -11,24 +12,22 @@ Name
 
 VIDIOC_CREATE_BUFS - Create buffers for Memory Mapped or User Pointer or DMA Buffer I/O
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, VIDIOC_CREATE_BUFS, struct v4l2_create_buffers *argp )
-    :name: VIDIOC_CREATE_BUFS
+.. c:macro:: VIDIOC_CREATE_BUFS
 
+``int ioctl(int fd, VIDIOC_CREATE_BUFS, struct v4l2_create_buffers *argp)``
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :ref:`open() <func-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``argp``
     Pointer to struct :c:type:`v4l2_create_buffers`.
 
-
 Description
 ===========
 

@@ -71,7 +70,6 @@ the actual number allocated and the starting index in the ``count`` and
 the ``index`` fields respectively. On return ``count`` can be smaller
 than the number requested.
 
-
 .. c:type:: v4l2_create_buffers
 
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{4.4cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{8.7cm}|

@@ -119,7 +117,6 @@ than the number requested.
       - A place holder for future extensions. Drivers and applications
 	must set the array to zero.
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 

index aa02c312824e..00c31410d4e4 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _VIDIOC_CROPCAP:
 

@@ -11,24 +12,22 @@ Name
 
 VIDIOC_CROPCAP - Information about the video cropping and scaling abilities
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, VIDIOC_CROPCAP, struct v4l2_cropcap *argp )
-    :name: VIDIOC_CROPCAP
+.. c:macro:: VIDIOC_CROPCAP
 
+``int ioctl(int fd, VIDIOC_CROPCAP, struct v4l2_cropcap *argp)``
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :ref:`open() <func-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``argp``
     Pointer to struct :c:type:`v4l2_cropcap`.
 
-
 Description
 ===========
 

@@ -95,7 +94,6 @@ overlay devices.
    Starting with kernel 4.13 both variations are allowed.
 
 
-
 .. _v4l2-rect-crop:
 
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{4.4cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{8.7cm}|

@@ -120,7 +118,6 @@ overlay devices.
       - ``height``
       - Height of the rectangle, in pixels.
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 

index a2541329b30a..bde6e952b267 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_INFO:
 

@@ -11,24 +12,22 @@ Name
 
 VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_INFO - Identify the chips on a TV card
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_INFO, struct v4l2_dbg_chip_info *argp )
-    :name: VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_INFO
+.. c:macro:: VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_INFO
 
+``int ioctl(int fd, VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_INFO, struct v4l2_dbg_chip_info *argp)``
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :ref:`open() <func-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``argp``
     Pointer to struct :c:type:`v4l2_dbg_chip_info`.
 
-
 Description
 ===========
 

@@ -76,7 +75,6 @@ is available from the LinuxTV v4l-dvb repository; see
 `https://linuxtv.org/repo/ <https://linuxtv.org/repo/>`__ for access
 instructions.
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{3.5cm}|p{3.5cm}|p{3.5cm}|p{7.0cm}|
 
 .. _name-v4l2-dbg-match:

@@ -103,7 +101,6 @@ instructions.
       -
 
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{4.4cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{8.7cm}|
 
 .. c:type:: v4l2_dbg_chip_info

@@ -130,7 +127,6 @@ instructions.
       - Reserved fields, both application and driver must set these to 0.
 
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{6.6cm}|p{2.2cm}|p{8.7cm}|
 
 .. _name-chip-match-types:

@@ -148,7 +144,6 @@ instructions.
       - 4
       - Match the nth sub-device.
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 

index 350a04eb0e86..e1a6abe705bd 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _VIDIOC_DBG_G_REGISTER:
 

@@ -11,27 +12,26 @@ Name
 
 VIDIOC_DBG_G_REGISTER - VIDIOC_DBG_S_REGISTER - Read or write hardware registers
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, VIDIOC_DBG_G_REGISTER, struct v4l2_dbg_register *argp )
-    :name: VIDIOC_DBG_G_REGISTER
+.. c:macro:: VIDIOC_DBG_G_REGISTER
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, VIDIOC_DBG_S_REGISTER, const struct v4l2_dbg_register *argp )
-    :name: VIDIOC_DBG_S_REGISTER
+``int ioctl(int fd, VIDIOC_DBG_G_REGISTER, struct v4l2_dbg_register *argp)``
 
+.. c:macro:: VIDIOC_DBG_S_REGISTER
+
+``int ioctl(int fd, VIDIOC_DBG_S_REGISTER, const struct v4l2_dbg_register *argp)``
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :ref:`open() <func-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``argp``
     Pointer to struct :c:type:`v4l2_dbg_register`.
 
-
 Description
 ===========
 

@@ -85,7 +85,6 @@ It is available from the LinuxTV v4l-dvb repository; see
 `https://linuxtv.org/repo/ <https://linuxtv.org/repo/>`__ for access
 instructions.
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{3.5cm}|p{3.5cm}|p{3.5cm}|p{7.0cm}|
 
 .. c:type:: v4l2_dbg_match

@@ -112,7 +111,6 @@ instructions.
       -
 
 
-
 .. c:type:: v4l2_dbg_register
 
 .. flat-table:: struct v4l2_dbg_register

@@ -133,7 +131,6 @@ instructions.
       - The value read from, or to be written into the register.
 
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{6.6cm}|p{2.2cm}|p{8.7cm}|
 
 .. _chip-match-types:

@@ -151,7 +148,6 @@ instructions.
       - 4
       - Match the nth sub-device.
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 

index 0ef757f061e3..fd71ceece037 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _VIDIOC_DECODER_CMD:
 

@@ -11,28 +12,26 @@ Name
 
 VIDIOC_DECODER_CMD - VIDIOC_TRY_DECODER_CMD - Execute an decoder command
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, VIDIOC_DECODER_CMD, struct v4l2_decoder_cmd *argp )
-    :name: VIDIOC_DECODER_CMD
+.. c:macro:: VIDIOC_DECODER_CMD
 
+``int ioctl(int fd, VIDIOC_DECODER_CMD, struct v4l2_decoder_cmd *argp)``
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, VIDIOC_TRY_DECODER_CMD, struct v4l2_decoder_cmd *argp )
-    :name: VIDIOC_TRY_DECODER_CMD
+.. c:macro:: VIDIOC_TRY_DECODER_CMD
 
+``int ioctl(int fd, VIDIOC_TRY_DECODER_CMD, struct v4l2_decoder_cmd *argp)``
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :ref:`open() <func-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``argp``
     pointer to struct :c:type:`v4l2_decoder_cmd`.
 
-
 Description
 ===========
 

@@ -47,11 +46,11 @@ this structure.
 The ``cmd`` field must contain the command code. Some commands use the
 ``flags`` field for additional information.
 
-A :ref:`write() <func-write>` or :ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMON`
+A :c:func:`write()` or :ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMON`
 call sends an implicit START command to the decoder if it has not been
 started yet. Applies to both queues of mem2mem decoders.
 
-A :ref:`close() <func-close>` or :ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMOFF <VIDIOC_STREAMON>`
+A :c:func:`close()` or :ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMOFF <VIDIOC_STREAMON>`
 call of a streaming file descriptor sends an implicit immediate STOP
 command to the decoder, and all buffered data is discarded. Applies to both
 queues of mem2mem decoders.

@@ -60,7 +59,6 @@ In principle, these ioctls are optional, not all drivers may support them. They
 introduced in Linux 3.3. They are, however, mandatory for stateful mem2mem decoders
 (as further documented in :ref:`decoder`).
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{1.1cm}|p{2.4cm}|p{1.2cm}|p{1.6cm}|p{10.6cm}|
 
 .. c:type:: v4l2_decoder_cmd

@@ -131,7 +129,6 @@ introduced in Linux 3.3. They are, however, mandatory for stateful mem2mem decod
       -
 
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{5.6cm}|p{0.6cm}|p{11.3cm}|
 
 .. _decoder-cmds:

index f0dfc8cf9b14..634af717c8ba 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _VIDIOC_DQEVENT:
 

@@ -11,24 +12,22 @@ Name
 
 VIDIOC_DQEVENT - Dequeue event
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, VIDIOC_DQEVENT, struct v4l2_event *argp )
-    :name: VIDIOC_DQEVENT
+.. c:macro:: VIDIOC_DQEVENT
 
+``int ioctl(int fd, VIDIOC_DQEVENT, struct v4l2_event *argp)``
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :ref:`open() <func-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``argp``
     Pointer to struct :c:type:`v4l2_event`.
 
-
 Description
 ===========
 

@@ -38,7 +37,6 @@ structure are filled by the driver. The file handle will also receive
 exceptions which the application may get by e.g. using the select system
 call.
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{3.0cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{2.4cm}|p{7.7cm}|
 
 .. c:type:: v4l2_event

@@ -100,7 +98,6 @@ call.
 	zero.
 
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{6.6cm}|p{2.2cm}|p{8.7cm}|
 
 .. cssclass:: longtable

@@ -191,7 +188,6 @@ call.
       - Base event number for driver-private events.
 
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{4.4cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{8.7cm}|
 
 .. c:type:: v4l2_event_vsync

@@ -206,7 +202,6 @@ call.
       - The upcoming field. See enum :c:type:`v4l2_field`.
 
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{3.5cm}|p{3.0cm}|p{1.8cm}|p{8.5cm}|
 
 .. c:type:: v4l2_event_ctrl

@@ -257,7 +252,6 @@ call.
 	:ref:`v4l2_queryctrl <v4l2-queryctrl>`.
 
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{4.4cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{8.7cm}|
 
 .. c:type:: v4l2_event_frame_sync

@@ -272,7 +266,6 @@ call.
       - The sequence number of the frame being received.
 
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{4.4cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{8.7cm}|
 
 .. c:type:: v4l2_event_src_change

@@ -288,7 +281,6 @@ call.
 	:ref:`src-changes-flags`.
 
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{4.4cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{8.7cm}|
 
 .. c:type:: v4l2_event_motion_det

@@ -318,7 +310,6 @@ call.
 	automatically assigned to the default region 0.
 
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{6.6cm}|p{2.2cm}|p{8.7cm}|
 
 .. _ctrl-changes-flags:

@@ -344,7 +335,6 @@ call.
 	step or the default value of the control changed.
 
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{6.6cm}|p{2.2cm}|p{8.7cm}|
 
 .. _src-changes-flags:

@@ -375,7 +365,6 @@ call.
 	loss of signal and so restarting streaming I/O is required in order for
 	the hardware to synchronize to the video signal.
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 

index 82bb732893be..27bd6a83e42c 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _VIDIOC_DV_TIMINGS_CAP:
 

@@ -11,27 +12,26 @@ Name
 
 VIDIOC_DV_TIMINGS_CAP - VIDIOC_SUBDEV_DV_TIMINGS_CAP - The capabilities of the Digital Video receiver/transmitter
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, VIDIOC_DV_TIMINGS_CAP, struct v4l2_dv_timings_cap *argp )
-    :name: VIDIOC_DV_TIMINGS_CAP
+.. c:macro:: VIDIOC_DV_TIMINGS_CAP
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, VIDIOC_SUBDEV_DV_TIMINGS_CAP, struct v4l2_dv_timings_cap *argp )
-    :name: VIDIOC_SUBDEV_DV_TIMINGS_CAP
+``int ioctl(int fd, VIDIOC_DV_TIMINGS_CAP, struct v4l2_dv_timings_cap *argp)``
 
+.. c:macro:: VIDIOC_SUBDEV_DV_TIMINGS_CAP
+
+``int ioctl(int fd, VIDIOC_SUBDEV_DV_TIMINGS_CAP, struct v4l2_dv_timings_cap *argp)``
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :ref:`open() <func-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``argp``
     Pointer to struct :c:type:`v4l2_dv_timings_cap`.
 
-
 Description
 ===========
 

@@ -55,7 +55,6 @@ the desired pad number in the struct
 zero the ``reserved`` array. Attempts to query capabilities on a pad
 that doesn't support them will return an ``EINVAL`` error code.
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{1.2cm}|p{3.0cm}|p{13.3cm}|
 
 .. c:type:: v4l2_bt_timings_cap

@@ -97,7 +96,6 @@ that doesn't support them will return an ``EINVAL`` error code.
 	Drivers must set the array to zero.
 
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{1.0cm}|p{4.0cm}|p{3.5cm}|p{9.2cm}|
 
 .. c:type:: v4l2_dv_timings_cap

@@ -153,7 +151,6 @@ that doesn't support them will return an ``EINVAL`` error code.
       - Can support non-standard timings, i.e. timings not belonging to
 	the standards set in the ``standards`` field.
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 

index 44aad55d9459..5673606711b4 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _VIDIOC_ENCODER_CMD:
 

@@ -11,22 +12,22 @@ Name
 
 VIDIOC_ENCODER_CMD - VIDIOC_TRY_ENCODER_CMD - Execute an encoder command
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, VIDIOC_ENCODER_CMD, struct v4l2_encoder_cmd *argp )
-    :name: VIDIOC_ENCODER_CMD
+.. c:macro:: VIDIOC_ENCODER_CMD
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, VIDIOC_TRY_ENCODER_CMD, struct v4l2_encoder_cmd *argp )
-    :name: VIDIOC_TRY_ENCODER_CMD
+``int ioctl(int fd, VIDIOC_ENCODER_CMD, struct v4l2_encoder_cmd *argp)``
 
+.. c:macro:: VIDIOC_TRY_ENCODER_CMD
+
+``int ioctl(int fd, VIDIOC_TRY_ENCODER_CMD, struct v4l2_encoder_cmd *argp)``
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :ref:`open() <func-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``argp``
     Pointer to struct :c:type:`v4l2_encoder_cmd`.

@@ -47,16 +48,16 @@ this structure.
 The ``cmd`` field must contain the command code. Some commands use the
 ``flags`` field for additional information.
 
-After a STOP command, :ref:`read() <func-read>` calls will read
+After a STOP command, :c:func:`read()` calls will read
 the remaining data buffered by the driver. When the buffer is empty,
-:ref:`read() <func-read>` will return zero and the next :ref:`read() <func-read>`
+:c:func:`read()` will return zero and the next :c:func:`read()`
 call will restart the encoder.
 
-A :ref:`read() <func-read>` or :ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMON <VIDIOC_STREAMON>`
+A :c:func:`read()` or :ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMON <VIDIOC_STREAMON>`
 call sends an implicit START command to the encoder if it has not been
 started yet. Applies to both queues of mem2mem encoders.
 
-A :ref:`close() <func-close>` or :ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMOFF <VIDIOC_STREAMON>`
+A :c:func:`close()` or :ref:`VIDIOC_STREAMOFF <VIDIOC_STREAMON>`
 call of a streaming file descriptor sends an implicit immediate STOP to
 the encoder, and all buffered data is discarded. Applies to both queues of
 mem2mem encoders.

@@ -65,7 +66,6 @@ These ioctls are optional, not all drivers may support them. They were
 introduced in Linux 2.6.21. They are, however, mandatory for stateful mem2mem
 encoders (as further documented in :ref:`encoder`).
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{4.4cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{8.7cm}|
 
 .. c:type:: v4l2_encoder_cmd

@@ -89,7 +89,6 @@ encoders (as further documented in :ref:`encoder`).
 	the array to zero.
 
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{6.6cm}|p{2.2cm}|p{8.7cm}|
 
 .. _encoder-cmds:

@@ -134,7 +133,6 @@ encoders (as further documented in :ref:`encoder`).
 	the encoder is already running, this command does nothing. No
 	flags are defined for this command.
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{6.6cm}|p{2.2cm}|p{8.7cm}|
 
 .. _encoder-flags:

@@ -151,7 +149,6 @@ encoders (as further documented in :ref:`encoder`).
 
         Does not apply to :ref:`encoder`.
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 

index bb74096cfbd8..20730cd4f6ef 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _VIDIOC_ENUM_DV_TIMINGS:
 

@@ -11,27 +12,26 @@ Name
 
 VIDIOC_ENUM_DV_TIMINGS - VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUM_DV_TIMINGS - Enumerate supported Digital Video timings
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, VIDIOC_ENUM_DV_TIMINGS, struct v4l2_enum_dv_timings *argp )
-    :name: VIDIOC_ENUM_DV_TIMINGS
+.. c:macro:: VIDIOC_ENUM_DV_TIMINGS
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUM_DV_TIMINGS, struct v4l2_enum_dv_timings *argp )
-    :name: VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUM_DV_TIMINGS
+``int ioctl(int fd, VIDIOC_ENUM_DV_TIMINGS, struct v4l2_enum_dv_timings *argp)``
 
+.. c:macro:: VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUM_DV_TIMINGS
+
+``int ioctl(int fd, VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUM_DV_TIMINGS, struct v4l2_enum_dv_timings *argp)``
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :ref:`open() <func-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``argp``
     Pointer to struct :c:type:`v4l2_enum_dv_timings`.
 
-
 Description
 ===========
 

@@ -65,7 +65,6 @@ pad number in the struct
 Attempts to enumerate timings on a pad that doesn't support them will
 return an ``EINVAL`` error code.
 
-
 .. c:type:: v4l2_enum_dv_timings
 
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{4.4cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{8.7cm}|

@@ -91,7 +90,6 @@ return an ``EINVAL`` error code.
       - ``timings``
       - The timings.
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 

index b8347a96a554..2b3fa9c23146 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT:
 

@@ -11,24 +12,22 @@ Name
 
 VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT - Enumerate image formats
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT, struct v4l2_fmtdesc *argp )
-    :name: VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT
+.. c:macro:: VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT
 
+``int ioctl(int fd, VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT, struct v4l2_fmtdesc *argp)``
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :ref:`open() <func-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``argp``
     Pointer to struct :c:type:`v4l2_fmtdesc`.
 
-
 Description
 ===========
 

@@ -72,7 +71,6 @@ the ``mbus_code`` field is handled differently:
    formats shall not depend on the active configuration of the video device
    or device pipeline.
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{4.4cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{8.7cm}|
 
 .. c:type:: v4l2_fmtdesc

@@ -137,7 +135,6 @@ the ``mbus_code`` field is handled differently:
 	zero.
 
 
-
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{6.6cm}|p{2.2cm}|p{8.7cm}|
 
 .. _fmtdesc-flags:

@@ -227,7 +224,6 @@ the ``mbus_code`` field is handled differently:
 	device when calling the :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` ioctl with
 	:ref:`V4L2_PIX_FMT_FLAG_SET_CSC <v4l2-pix-fmt-flag-set-csc>` set.
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 

index 68469756e6c7..1f0949726045 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS:
 

@@ -11,25 +12,23 @@ Name
 
 VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS - Enumerate frame intervals
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS, struct v4l2_frmivalenum *argp )
-    :name: VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS
+.. c:macro:: VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS
 
+``int ioctl(int fd, VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS, struct v4l2_frmivalenum *argp)``
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :ref:`open() <func-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``argp``
     Pointer to struct :c:type:`v4l2_frmivalenum`
     that contains a pixel format and size and receives a frame interval.
 
-
 Description
 ===========
 

@@ -91,7 +90,6 @@ other ioctl calls while it runs the frame interval enumeration.
 
        frame_rate = 1 / frame_interval
 
-
 Structs
 =======
 

@@ -99,7 +97,6 @@ In the structs below, *IN* denotes a value that has to be filled in by
 the application, *OUT* denotes values that the driver fills in. The
 application should zero out all members except for the *IN* fields.
 
-
 .. c:type:: v4l2_frmival_stepwise
 
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{4.4cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{8.7cm}|

@@ -120,7 +117,6 @@ application should zero out all members except for the *IN* fields.
       - Frame interval step size [s].
 
 
-
 .. c:type:: v4l2_frmivalenum
 
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{1.8cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{2.4cm}|p{8.9cm}|

@@ -163,11 +159,9 @@ application should zero out all members except for the *IN* fields.
 	applications.
 
 
-
 Enums
 =====
 
-
 .. c:type:: v4l2_frmivaltypes
 
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{6.6cm}|p{2.2cm}|p{8.7cm}|

@@ -187,7 +181,6 @@ Enums
       - 3
       - Step-wise defined frame interval.
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 

index dc4e0e216e7e..c9a36bcf699f 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES:
 

@@ -11,26 +12,24 @@ Name
 
 VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES - Enumerate frame sizes
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES, struct v4l2_frmsizeenum *argp )
-    :name: VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES
+.. c:macro:: VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES
 
+``int ioctl(int fd, VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES, struct v4l2_frmsizeenum *argp)``
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :ref:`open() <func-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``argp``
     Pointer to struct :c:type:`v4l2_frmsizeenum`
     that contains an index and pixel format and receives a frame width
     and height.
 
-
 Description
 ===========
 

@@ -81,7 +80,6 @@ without any interaction from the application itself. This means that the
 enumeration data is consistent if the application does not perform any
 other ioctl calls while it runs the frame size enumeration.
 
-
 Structs
 =======
 

@@ -89,7 +87,6 @@ In the structs below, *IN* denotes a value that has to be filled in by
 the application, *OUT* denotes values that the driver fills in. The
 application should zero out all members except for the *IN* fields.
 
-
 .. c:type:: v4l2_frmsize_discrete
 
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{4.4cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{8.7cm}|

@@ -107,7 +104,6 @@ application should zero out all members except for the *IN* fields.
       - Height of the frame [pixel].
 
 
-
 .. c:type:: v4l2_frmsize_stepwise
 
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{4.4cm}|p{4.4cm}|p{8.7cm}|

@@ -137,7 +133,6 @@ application should zero out all members except for the *IN* fields.
       - Frame height step size [pixel].
 
 
-
 .. c:type:: v4l2_frmsizeenum
 
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{1.4cm}|p{5.9cm}|p{2.3cm}|p{8.0cm}|

@@ -173,11 +168,9 @@ application should zero out all members except for the *IN* fields.
 	applications.
 
 
-
 Enums
 =====
 
-
 .. c:type:: v4l2_frmsizetypes
 
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{6.6cm}|p{2.2cm}|p{8.7cm}|

@@ -197,7 +190,6 @@ Enums
       - 3
       - Step-wise defined frame size.
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 

index 2dabf542b20f..a0764fca8d18 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: V4L
 
 .. _VIDIOC_ENUM_FREQ_BANDS:
 

@@ -11,24 +12,22 @@ Name
 
 VIDIOC_ENUM_FREQ_BANDS - Enumerate supported frequency bands
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, VIDIOC_ENUM_FREQ_BANDS, struct v4l2_frequency_band *argp )
-    :name: VIDIOC_ENUM_FREQ_BANDS
+.. c:macro:: VIDIOC_ENUM_FREQ_BANDS
 
+``int ioctl(int fd, VIDIOC_ENUM_FREQ_BANDS, struct v4l2_frequency_band *argp)``
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :ref:`open() <func-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``argp``
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index ba4f48b30d29..33b5363317f1 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.audio
 
 .. _AUDIO_BILINGUAL_CHANNEL_SELECT:
 

@@ -16,9 +17,9 @@ AUDIO_BILINGUAL_CHANNEL_SELECT
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_BILINGUAL_CHANNEL_SELECT, struct *audio_channel_select)
-    :name: AUDIO_BILINGUAL_CHANNEL_SELECT
+.. c:macro:: AUDIO_BILINGUAL_CHANNEL_SELECT
 
+``int ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_BILINGUAL_CHANNEL_SELECT, struct audio_channel_select *select)``
 
 Arguments
 ---------

@@ -39,7 +40,6 @@ Arguments
 
        -  Select the output format of the audio (mono left/right, stereo).
 
-
 Description
 -----------
 

@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@ for MPEG decoders controlled through V4L2.
 This ioctl call asks the Audio Device to select the requested channel
 for bilingual streams if possible.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

index ba83b639d955..74093df92a68 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.audio
 
 .. _AUDIO_CHANNEL_SELECT:
 

@@ -16,9 +17,9 @@ AUDIO_CHANNEL_SELECT
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_CHANNEL_SELECT, struct *audio_channel_select)
-    :name: AUDIO_CHANNEL_SELECT
+.. c:macro:: AUDIO_CHANNEL_SELECT
 
+``int ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_CHANNEL_SELECT, struct audio_channel_select *select)``
 
 Arguments
 ---------

@@ -27,7 +28,6 @@ Arguments
     :header-rows:  0
     :stub-columns: 0
 
-
     -
 
        -  int fd

@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ Arguments
 
        -  Select the output format of the audio (mono left/right, stereo).
 
-
 Description
 -----------
 

@@ -50,7 +49,6 @@ V4L2 ``V4L2_CID_MPEG_AUDIO_DEC_PLAYBACK`` control instead.
 This ioctl call asks the Audio Device to select the requested channel if
 possible.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

index 7035a40c0e3a..a0ebb0278260 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.audio
 
 .. _AUDIO_CLEAR_BUFFER:
 

@@ -16,8 +17,9 @@ AUDIO_CLEAR_BUFFER
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int  ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_CLEAR_BUFFER)
-    :name: AUDIO_CLEAR_BUFFER
+.. c:macro:: AUDIO_CLEAR_BUFFER
+
+``int ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_CLEAR_BUFFER)``
 
 Arguments
 ---------

@@ -26,7 +28,6 @@ Arguments
     :header-rows:  0
     :stub-columns: 0
 
-
     -  .. row 1
 
        -  int fd

@@ -39,7 +40,6 @@ Description
 This ioctl call asks the Audio Device to clear all software and hardware
 buffers of the audio decoder device.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

index c8d514a4eeb0..a2e9850f37f2 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.audio
 
 .. _AUDIO_CONTINUE:
 

@@ -16,9 +17,9 @@ AUDIO_CONTINUE
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int  ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_CONTINUE)
-    :name: AUDIO_CONTINUE
+.. c:macro:: AUDIO_CONTINUE
 
+``int ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_CONTINUE)``
 
 Arguments
 ---------

@@ -27,7 +28,6 @@ Arguments
     :header-rows:  0
     :stub-columns: 0
 
-
     -  .. row 1
 
        -  int fd

@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ Description
 This ioctl restarts the decoding and playing process previously paused
 with AUDIO_PAUSE command.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

index c968177b1e3f..77857d578e83 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.audio
 
 .. _audio_fclose:
 

@@ -17,8 +18,6 @@ Synopsis
 --------
 
 .. c:function:: int close(int fd)
-    :name: dvb-audio-close
-
 
 Arguments
 ---------

@@ -27,20 +26,17 @@ Arguments
     :header-rows:  0
     :stub-columns: 0
 
-
     -  .. row 1
 
        -  int fd
 
        -  File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().
 
-
 Description
 -----------
 
 This system call closes a previously opened audio device.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

@@ -48,7 +44,6 @@ Return Value
     :header-rows:  0
     :stub-columns: 0
 
-
     -  .. row 1
 
        -  ``EBADF``

index d34001e038dc..774daaab3bad 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.audio
 
 .. _audio_fopen:
 

@@ -17,8 +18,6 @@ Synopsis
 --------
 
 .. c:function:: int open(const char *deviceName, int flags)
-    :name: dvb-audio-open
-
 
 Arguments
 ---------

@@ -27,7 +26,6 @@ Arguments
     :header-rows:  0
     :stub-columns: 0
 
-
     -  .. row 1
 
        -  const char \*deviceName

@@ -60,7 +58,6 @@ Arguments
        -
        -  (blocking mode is the default)
 
-
 Description
 -----------
 

@@ -78,7 +75,6 @@ fail, and an error code will be returned. If the Audio Device is opened
 in O_RDONLY mode, the only ioctl call that can be used is
 AUDIO_GET_STATUS. All other call will return with an error code.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

@@ -88,7 +84,6 @@ Return Value
     :header-rows:  0
     :stub-columns: 0
 
-
     -  .. row 1
 
        -  ``ENODEV``

index d17ec719e231..7b096ac2b6c4 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.audio
 
 .. _audio_fwrite:
 

@@ -17,8 +18,6 @@ Synopsis
 --------
 
 .. c:function:: size_t write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count)
-    :name: dvb-audio-write
-
 
 Arguments
 ---------

@@ -27,7 +26,6 @@ Arguments
     :header-rows:  0
     :stub-columns: 0
 
-
     -  .. row 1
 
        -  int fd

@@ -46,7 +44,6 @@ Arguments
 
        -  Size of buf.
 
-
 Description
 -----------
 

@@ -56,7 +53,6 @@ PES format. If O_NONBLOCK is not specified the function will block
 until buffer space is available. The amount of data to be transferred is
 implied by count.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

@@ -64,7 +60,6 @@ Return Value
     :header-rows:  0
     :stub-columns: 0
 
-
     -  .. row 1
 
        -  ``EPERM``

index 33907e40e48c..6d9eb71dad17 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.audio
 
 .. _AUDIO_GET_CAPABILITIES:
 

@@ -16,9 +17,9 @@ AUDIO_GET_CAPABILITIES
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_GET_CAPABILITIES, unsigned int *cap)
-    :name: AUDIO_GET_CAPABILITIES
+.. c:macro:: AUDIO_GET_CAPABILITIES
 
+``int ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_GET_CAPABILITIES, unsigned int *cap)``
 
 Arguments
 ---------

@@ -27,7 +28,6 @@ Arguments
     :header-rows:  0
     :stub-columns: 0
 
-
     -
 
        -  int fd

@@ -40,14 +40,12 @@ Arguments
 
        -  Returns a bit array of supported sound formats.
 
-
 Description
 -----------
 
 This ioctl call asks the Audio Device to tell us about the decoding
 capabilities of the audio hardware.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

index 4213d076c6ed..7ae8db2e65e9 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.audio
 
 .. _AUDIO_GET_STATUS:
 

@@ -16,9 +17,9 @@ AUDIO_GET_STATUS
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_GET_STATUS, struct audio_status *status)
-    :name: AUDIO_GET_STATUS
+.. c:macro:: AUDIO_GET_STATUS
 
+``int ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_GET_STATUS, struct audio_status *status)``
 
 Arguments
 ---------

@@ -27,7 +28,6 @@ Arguments
     :header-rows:  0
     :stub-columns: 0
 
-
     -
 
        -  int fd

@@ -40,14 +40,12 @@ Arguments
 
        -  Returns the current state of Audio Device.
 
-
 Description
 -----------
 
 This ioctl call asks the Audio Device to return the current state of the
 Audio Device.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

index 2de74f1662cf..d37d1ddce4df 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.audio
 
 .. _AUDIO_PAUSE:
 

@@ -16,8 +17,9 @@ AUDIO_PAUSE
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int  ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_PAUSE)
-    :name: AUDIO_PAUSE
+.. c:macro:: AUDIO_PAUSE
+
+``int ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_PAUSE)``
 
 Arguments
 ---------

@@ -26,14 +28,12 @@ Arguments
     :header-rows:  0
     :stub-columns: 0
 
-
     -  .. row 1
 
        -  int fd
 
        -  File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().
 
-
 Description
 -----------
 

@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ This ioctl call suspends the audio stream being played. Decoding and
 playing are paused. It is then possible to restart again decoding and
 playing process of the audio stream using AUDIO_CONTINUE command.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

index d4e4eacb8686..e591930b6ca7 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.audio
 
 .. _AUDIO_PLAY:
 

@@ -16,9 +17,9 @@ AUDIO_PLAY
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int  ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_PLAY)
-    :name: AUDIO_PLAY
+.. c:macro:: AUDIO_PLAY
 
+``int ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_PLAY)``
 
 Arguments
 ---------

@@ -27,7 +28,6 @@ Arguments
     :header-rows:  0
     :stub-columns: 0
 
-
     -  .. row 1
 
        -  int fd

@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ Description
 This ioctl call asks the Audio Device to start playing an audio stream
 from the selected source.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

index fb09f914cb8f..6a0c0f365eb1 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.audio
 
 .. _AUDIO_SELECT_SOURCE:
 

@@ -16,9 +17,9 @@ AUDIO_SELECT_SOURCE
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_SELECT_SOURCE, struct audio_stream_source *source)
-    :name: AUDIO_SELECT_SOURCE
+.. c:macro:: AUDIO_SELECT_SOURCE
 
+``int ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_SELECT_SOURCE, struct audio_stream_source *source)``
 
 Arguments
 ---------

@@ -27,7 +28,6 @@ Arguments
     :header-rows:  0
     :stub-columns: 0
 
-
     -
 
        -  int fd

@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ Arguments
 
        -  Indicates the source that shall be used for the Audio stream.
 
-
 Description
 -----------
 

@@ -49,7 +48,6 @@ the input data. The possible sources are demux or memory. If
 AUDIO_SOURCE_MEMORY is selected, the data is fed to the Audio Device
 through the write command.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

index 5bcb9b1ed19d..85a8016bf025 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.audio
 
 .. _AUDIO_SET_AV_SYNC:
 

@@ -16,9 +17,9 @@ AUDIO_SET_AV_SYNC
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int  ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_SET_AV_SYNC, boolean state)
-    :name: AUDIO_SET_AV_SYNC
+.. c:macro:: AUDIO_SET_AV_SYNC
 
+``int ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_SET_AV_SYNC, boolean state)``
 
 Arguments
 ---------

@@ -27,7 +28,6 @@ Arguments
     :header-rows:  0
     :stub-columns: 0
 
-
     -
 
        -  int fd

@@ -44,14 +44,12 @@ Arguments
 
           FALSE: AV-sync OFF
 
-
 Description
 -----------
 
 This ioctl call asks the Audio Device to turn ON or OFF A/V
 synchronization.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

index f24a18bbb567..ecac02f1b2fc 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.audio
 
 .. _AUDIO_SET_BYPASS_MODE:
 

@@ -16,8 +17,9 @@ AUDIO_SET_BYPASS_MODE
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_SET_BYPASS_MODE, boolean mode)
-    :name: AUDIO_SET_BYPASS_MODE
+.. c:macro:: AUDIO_SET_BYPASS_MODE
+
+``int ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_SET_BYPASS_MODE, boolean mode)``
 
 Arguments
 ---------

@@ -26,7 +28,6 @@ Arguments
     :header-rows:  0
     :stub-columns: 0
 
-
     -
 
        -  int fd

@@ -44,7 +45,6 @@ Arguments
 
           FALSE: Bypass is enabled
 
-
 Description
 -----------
 

@@ -54,7 +54,6 @@ that can’t be handled by the Digital TV system shall be decoded. Dolby
 DigitalTM streams are automatically forwarded by the Digital TV subsystem if
 the hardware can handle it.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

index 0227e1071d0c..39ad846d412d 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.audio
 
 .. _AUDIO_SET_ID:
 

@@ -16,8 +17,9 @@ AUDIO_SET_ID
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int  ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_SET_ID, int id)
-    :name: AUDIO_SET_ID
+.. c:macro:: AUDIO_SET_ID
+
+``int ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_SET_ID, int id)``
 
 Arguments
 ---------

@@ -26,7 +28,6 @@ Arguments
     :header-rows:  0
     :stub-columns: 0
 
-
     -
 
        -  int fd

@@ -39,7 +40,6 @@ Arguments
 
        -  audio sub-stream id
 
-
 Description
 -----------
 

@@ -51,7 +51,6 @@ other stream types. If the stream type is set the id just specifies the
 substream id of the audio stream and only the first 5 bits are
 recognized.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

index 58f18cf8240d..45dbdf4801e0 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.audio
 
 .. _AUDIO_SET_MIXER:
 

@@ -16,8 +17,9 @@ AUDIO_SET_MIXER
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_SET_MIXER, struct audio_mixer *mix)
-    :name: AUDIO_SET_MIXER
+.. c:macro:: AUDIO_SET_MIXER
+
+``int ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_SET_MIXER, struct audio_mixer *mix)``
 
 Arguments
 ---------

@@ -26,7 +28,6 @@ Arguments
     :header-rows:  0
     :stub-columns: 0
 
-
     -
 
        -  int fd

@@ -39,13 +40,11 @@ Arguments
 
        -  mixer settings.
 
-
 Description
 -----------
 
 This ioctl lets you adjust the mixer settings of the audio decoder.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

index 7ea7d8663e6b..987751f92967 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.audio
 
 .. _AUDIO_SET_MUTE:
 

@@ -16,9 +17,9 @@ AUDIO_SET_MUTE
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int  ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_SET_MUTE, boolean state)
-    :name: AUDIO_SET_MUTE
+.. c:macro:: AUDIO_SET_MUTE
 
+``int ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_SET_MUTE, boolean state)``
 
 Arguments
 ---------

@@ -27,7 +28,6 @@ Arguments
     :header-rows:  0
     :stub-columns: 0
 
-
     -
 
        -  int fd

@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ Arguments
 
           FALSE: Audio Un-mute
 
-
 Description
 -----------
 

@@ -55,7 +54,6 @@ V4L2 :ref:`VIDIOC_DECODER_CMD` with the
 This ioctl call asks the audio device to mute the stream that is
 currently being played.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

index d9f4924afdbe..77d73c74882f 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.audio
 
 .. _AUDIO_SET_STREAMTYPE:
 

@@ -16,9 +17,9 @@ AUDIO_SET_STREAMTYPE
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int  ioctl(fd, AUDIO_SET_STREAMTYPE, int type)
-    :name: AUDIO_SET_STREAMTYPE
+.. c:macro:: AUDIO_SET_STREAMTYPE
 
+``int ioctl(fd, AUDIO_SET_STREAMTYPE, int type)``
 
 Arguments
 ---------

@@ -27,7 +28,6 @@ Arguments
     :header-rows:  0
     :stub-columns: 0
 
-
     -
 
        -  int fd

@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ Arguments
 
        -  stream type
 
-
 Description
 -----------
 

@@ -48,7 +47,6 @@ This ioctl tells the driver which kind of audio stream to expect. This
 is useful if the stream offers several audio sub-streams like LPCM and
 AC3.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

@@ -57,12 +55,10 @@ appropriately. The generic error codes are described at the
 :ref:`Generic Error Codes <gen-errors>` chapter.
 
 
-
 .. flat-table::
     :header-rows:  0
     :stub-columns: 0
 
-
     -  .. row 1
 
        -  ``EINVAL``

index 3a2bc328626d..d77f786fd797 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.audio
 
 .. _AUDIO_STOP:
 

@@ -16,8 +17,9 @@ AUDIO_STOP
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_STOP)
-    :name: AUDIO_STOP
+.. c:macro:: AUDIO_STOP
+
+``int ioctl(int fd, AUDIO_STOP)``
 
 Arguments
 ---------

@@ -26,21 +28,18 @@ Arguments
     :header-rows:  0
     :stub-columns: 0
 
-
     -  .. row 1
 
        -  int fd
 
        -  File descriptor returned by a previous call to open().
 
-
 Description
 -----------
 
 This ioctl call asks the Audio Device to stop playing the current
 stream.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

index 00379ee7e9ed..27f217a350e7 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.ca
 
 .. _ca_fclose:
 

@@ -11,26 +12,22 @@ Name
 
 Digital TV CA close()
 
-
 Synopsis
 --------
 
 .. c:function:: int close(int fd)
-    :name: dvb-ca-close
-
 
 Arguments
 ---------
 
 ``fd``
-  File descriptor returned by a previous call to :c:func:`open() <dvb-ca-open>`.
+  File descriptor returned by a previous call to :c:func:`open()`.
 
 Description
 -----------
 
 This system call closes a previously opened CA device.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

index 9ca4bd1d8d5f..7f99908fff2c 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.ca
 
 .. _ca_fopen:
 

@@ -11,13 +12,10 @@ Name
 
 Digital TV CA open()
 
-
 Synopsis
 --------
 
 .. c:function:: int open(const char *name, int flags)
-    :name: dvb-ca-open
-
 
 Arguments
 ---------

@@ -45,7 +43,6 @@ Arguments
        - open in non-blocking mode
          (blocking mode is the default)
 
-
 Description
 -----------
 

@@ -63,11 +60,9 @@ Only one user can open the CA Device in ``O_RDWR`` mode. All other
 attempts to open the device in this mode will fail, and an error code
 will be returned.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 
-
 On success 0 is returned.
 
 On error -1 is returned, and the ``errno`` variable is set

index 93742a5d941d..9b29513eeda8 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.ca
 
 .. _CA_GET_CAP:
 

@@ -11,19 +12,18 @@ Name
 
 CA_GET_CAP
 
-
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl(fd, CA_GET_CAP, struct ca_caps *caps)
-    :name: CA_GET_CAP
+.. c:macro:: CA_GET_CAP
 
+``int ioctl(fd, CA_GET_CAP, struct ca_caps *caps)``
 
 Arguments
 ---------
 
 ``fd``
-  File descriptor returned by a previous call to :c:func:`open() <dvb-ca-open>`.
+  File descriptor returned by a previous call to :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``caps``
   Pointer to struct :c:type:`ca_caps`.

index be7dec053685..0cfdcdab33a8 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.ca
 
 .. _CA_GET_DESCR_INFO:
 

@@ -11,18 +12,18 @@ Name
 
 CA_GET_DESCR_INFO
 
-
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int  ioctl(fd, CA_GET_DESCR_INFO, struct ca_descr_info *desc)
-    :name: CA_GET_DESCR_INFO
+.. c:macro:: CA_GET_DESCR_INFO
+
+``int ioctl(fd, CA_GET_DESCR_INFO, struct ca_descr_info *desc)``
 
 Arguments
 ---------
 
 ``fd``
-  File descriptor returned by a previous call to :c:func:`open() <dvb-ca-open>`.
+  File descriptor returned by a previous call to :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``desc``
   Pointer to struct :c:type:`ca_descr_info`.

index e8802b4c5fa1..7c9a8d197343 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.ca
 
 .. _CA_GET_MSG:
 

@@ -11,19 +12,18 @@ Name
 
 CA_GET_MSG
 
-
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl(fd, CA_GET_MSG, struct ca_msg *msg)
-    :name: CA_GET_MSG
+.. c:macro:: CA_GET_MSG
 
+``int ioctl(fd, CA_GET_MSG, struct ca_msg *msg)``
 
 Arguments
 ---------
 
 ``fd``
-  File descriptor returned by a previous call to :c:func:`open() <dvb-ca-open>`.
+  File descriptor returned by a previous call to :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``msg``
   Pointer to struct :c:type:`ca_msg`.

@@ -38,11 +38,9 @@ Receives a message via a CI CA module.
    Please notice that, on most drivers, this is done by reading from
    the /dev/adapter?/ca? device node.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 
-
 On success 0 is returned.
 
 On error -1 is returned, and the ``errno`` variable is set

index d283df335914..582444af7003 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.ca
 
 .. _CA_GET_SLOT_INFO:
 

@@ -11,19 +12,18 @@ Name
 
 CA_GET_SLOT_INFO
 
-
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl(fd, CA_GET_SLOT_INFO, struct ca_slot_info *info)
-    :name: CA_GET_SLOT_INFO
+.. c:macro:: CA_GET_SLOT_INFO
 
+``int ioctl(fd, CA_GET_SLOT_INFO, struct ca_slot_info *info)``
 
 Arguments
 ---------
 
 ``fd``
-  File descriptor returned by a previous call to :c:func:`open() <cec-open>`.
+  File descriptor returned by a previous call to :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``info``
   Pointer to struct :c:type:`ca_slot_info`.

@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@ Description
 Returns information about a CA slot identified by
 :c:type:`ca_slot_info`.slot_num.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

index fc49ef2ffcdb..b01ca48f0b50 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.ca
 
 .. _CA_RESET:
 

@@ -11,19 +12,18 @@ Name
 
 CA_RESET
 
-
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl(fd, CA_RESET)
-    :name: CA_RESET
+.. c:macro:: CA_RESET
 
+``int ioctl(fd, CA_RESET)``
 
 Arguments
 ---------
 
 ``fd``
-  File descriptor returned by a previous call to :c:func:`open() <cec-open>`.
+  File descriptor returned by a previous call to :c:func:`open()`.
 
 Description
 -----------

@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ Description
 Puts the Conditional Access hardware on its initial state. It should
 be called before start using the CA hardware.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

index cf423fe881b8..7dd2ab4ef675 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.ca
 
 .. _CA_SEND_MSG:
 

@@ -11,24 +12,22 @@ Name
 
 CA_SEND_MSG
 
-
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl(fd, CA_SEND_MSG, struct ca_msg *msg)
-    :name: CA_SEND_MSG
+.. c:macro:: CA_SEND_MSG
 
+``int ioctl(fd, CA_SEND_MSG, struct ca_msg *msg)``
 
 Arguments
 ---------
 
 ``fd``
-  File descriptor returned by a previous call to :c:func:`open() <cec-open>`.
+  File descriptor returned by a previous call to :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``msg``
   Pointer to struct :c:type:`ca_msg`.
 
-
 Description
 -----------
 

index a5c628a4d3cd..a740af34c872 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.ca
 
 .. _CA_SET_DESCR:
 

@@ -11,19 +12,18 @@ Name
 
 CA_SET_DESCR
 
-
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl(fd, CA_SET_DESCR, struct ca_descr *desc)
-    :name: CA_SET_DESCR
+.. c:macro:: CA_SET_DESCR
 
+``int ioctl(fd, CA_SET_DESCR, struct ca_descr *desc)``
 
 Arguments
 ---------
 
 ``fd``
-  File descriptor returned by a previous call to :c:func:`open() <cec-open>`.
+  File descriptor returned by a previous call to :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``msg``
   Pointer to struct :c:type:`ca_descr`.

index 3f08ecd88b0c..ea0c7dd91e05 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.dmx
 
 .. _DMX_ADD_PID:
 

@@ -11,24 +12,22 @@ Name
 
 DMX_ADD_PID
 
-
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl(fd, DMX_ADD_PID, __u16 *pid)
-    :name: DMX_ADD_PID
+.. c:macro:: DMX_ADD_PID
 
+``int ioctl(fd, DMX_ADD_PID, __u16 *pid)``
 
 Arguments
 ---------
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open() <dvb-dmx-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``pid``
    PID number to be filtered.
 
-
 Description
 -----------
 

@@ -36,7 +35,6 @@ This ioctl call allows to add multiple PIDs to a transport stream filter
 previously set up with :ref:`DMX_SET_PES_FILTER` and output equal to
 :c:type:`DMX_OUT_TSDEMUX_TAP <dmx_output>`.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

index cde2b78a35fa..5cdc2035e3b7 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.dmx
 
 .. _DMX_EXPBUF:
 

@@ -13,24 +14,22 @@ DMX_EXPBUF - Export a buffer as a DMABUF file descriptor.
 
 .. warning:: this API is still experimental
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, DMX_EXPBUF, struct dmx_exportbuffer *argp )
-    :name: DMX_EXPBUF
+.. c:macro:: DMX_EXPBUF
 
+``int ioctl(int fd, DMX_EXPBUF, struct dmx_exportbuffer *argp)``
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :ref:`open() <dmx_fopen>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``argp``
     Pointer to struct :c:type:`dmx_exportbuffer`.
 
-
 Description
 ===========
 

@@ -54,11 +53,9 @@ driver, on success. This is a DMABUF file descriptor. The application may
 pass it to other DMABUF-aware devices. It is recommended to close a DMABUF
 file when it is no longer used to allow the associated memory to be reclaimed.
 
-
 Examples
 ========
 
-
 .. code-block:: c
 
     int buffer_export(int v4lfd, enum dmx_buf_type bt, int index, int *dmafd)

index af036792f13d..719ac1d4f686 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.dmx
 
 .. _dmx_fclose:
 

@@ -11,27 +12,23 @@ Name
 
 Digital TV demux close()
 
-
 Synopsis
 --------
 
 .. c:function:: int close(int fd)
-    :name: dvb-dmx-close
-
 
 Arguments
 ---------
 
 ``fd``
   File descriptor returned by a previous call to
-  :c:func:`open() <dvb-dmx-open>`.
+  :c:func:`open()`.
 
 Description
 -----------
 
 This system call deactivates and deallocates a filter that was
-previously allocated via the :c:func:`open() <dvb-dmx-open>` call.
-
+previously allocated via the :c:func:`open()` call.
 
 Return Value
 ------------

index 7117c9bc4325..8f0a2b831d4a 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.dmx
 
 .. _dmx_fopen:
 

@@ -11,12 +12,10 @@ Name
 
 Digital TV demux open()
 
-
 Synopsis
 --------
 
 .. c:function:: int open(const char *deviceName, int flags)
-    :name: dvb-dmx-open
 
 Arguments
 ---------

@@ -47,7 +46,6 @@ Arguments
        - open in non-blocking mode
          (blocking mode is the default)
 
-
 Description
 -----------
 

@@ -68,7 +66,6 @@ affect the semantics of the ``open()`` call itself. A device opened
 in blocking mode can later be put into non-blocking mode (and vice versa)
 using the ``F_SETFL`` command of the fcntl system call.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

index c708a240abae..78e9daef595a 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.dmx
 
 .. _dmx_fread:
 

@@ -11,18 +12,16 @@ Name
 
 Digital TV demux read()
 
-
 Synopsis
 --------
 
 .. c:function:: size_t read(int fd, void *buf, size_t count)
-    :name: dvb-dmx-read
 
 Arguments
 ---------
 
 ``fd``
-  File descriptor returned by a previous call to :c:func:`open() <dvb-ca-open>`.
+  File descriptor returned by a previous call to :c:func:`open()`.
 
  ``buf``
    Buffer to be filled

@@ -44,7 +43,6 @@ to be transferred is implied by count.
    :c:type:`DMX_CHECK_CRC <dmx_sct_filter_params>` flag set,
    data that fails on CRC check will be silently ignored.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

@@ -75,6 +73,5 @@ appropriately.
        -  The driver failed to write to the callers buffer due to an
           invalid \*buf pointer.
 
-
 The generic error codes are described at the
 :ref:`Generic Error Codes <gen-errors>` chapter.

index bef565a35c59..e11ee0ba84a5 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.dmx
 
 .. _dmx_fwrite:
 

@@ -11,18 +12,16 @@ Name
 
 Digital TV demux write()
 
-
 Synopsis
 --------
 
 .. c:function:: ssize_t write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count)
-    :name: dvb-dmx-write
 
 Arguments
 ---------
 
 ``fd``
-  File descriptor returned by a previous call to :c:func:`open() <dvb-ca-open>`.
+  File descriptor returned by a previous call to :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``buf``
      Buffer with data to be written

@@ -40,7 +39,6 @@ digitally recorded Transport Stream. Matching filters have to be defined
 in the corresponding physical demux device, ``/dev/dvb/adapter?/demux?``.
 The amount of data to be transferred is implied by count.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

index e92d94d93b18..4f5f0505c0d5 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.dmx
 
 .. _DMX_GET_PES_PIDS:
 

@@ -11,23 +12,22 @@ Name
 
 DMX_GET_PES_PIDS
 
-
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl(fd, DMX_GET_PES_PIDS, __u16 pids[5])
-    :name: DMX_GET_PES_PIDS
+.. c:macro:: DMX_GET_PES_PIDS
+
+``int ioctl(fd, DMX_GET_PES_PIDS, __u16 pids[5])``
 
 Arguments
 ---------
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open() <dvb-dmx-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``pids``
     Array used to store 5 Program IDs.
 
-
 Description
 -----------
 

@@ -45,13 +45,11 @@ pids[DMX_PES_SUBTITLE]	3		first subtitle PID
 pids[DMX_PES_PCR]	4		first Program Clock Reference PID
 =======================	========	=======================================
 
-
 .. note::
 
 	A value equal to 0xffff means that the PID was not filled by the
 	Kernel.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

index 3762efcf1355..6ada74f6eb18 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.dmx
 
 .. _DMX_GET_STC:
 

@@ -11,23 +12,22 @@ Name
 
 DMX_GET_STC
 
-
 Synopsis
 --------
 
-.. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, DMX_GET_STC, struct dmx_stc *stc)
-    :name: DMX_GET_STC
+.. c:macro:: DMX_GET_STC
+
+``int ioctl(int fd, DMX_GET_STC, struct dmx_stc *stc)``
 
 Arguments
 ---------
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open() <dvb-dmx-open>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``stc``
     Pointer to :c:type:`dmx_stc` where the stc data is to be stored.
 
-
 Description
 -----------
 

@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ The result is returned in form of a ratio with a 64 bit numerator
 and a 32 bit denominator, so the real 90kHz STC value is
 ``stc->stc / stc->base``.
 
-
 Return Value
 ------------
 

@@ -61,6 +60,5 @@ appropriately.
 
        -  Invalid stc number.
 
-
 The generic error codes are described at the
 :ref:`Generic Error Codes <gen-errors>` chapter.

index efa9b04be700..8826c6226fb0 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.dmx
 
 .. _dmx-mmap:
 

@@ -21,9 +22,7 @@ Synopsis
     #include <unistd.h>
     #include <sys/mman.h>
 
-
 .. c:function:: void *mmap( void *start, size_t length, int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset )
-    :name: dmx-mmap
 
 Arguments
 =========

@@ -54,7 +53,7 @@ Arguments
 
     ``MAP_FIXED`` requests that the driver selects no other address than
     the one specified. If the specified address cannot be used,
-    :ref:`mmap() <dmx-mmap>` will fail. If ``MAP_FIXED`` is specified,
+    :c:func:`mmap()` will fail. If ``MAP_FIXED`` is specified,
     ``start`` must be a multiple of the pagesize. Use of this option is
     discouraged.
 

@@ -69,17 +68,16 @@ Arguments
        flags.
 
 ``fd``
-    File descriptor returned by :ref:`open() <dmx_fopen>`.
+    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
 
 ``offset``
     Offset of the buffer in device memory, as returned by
     :ref:`DMX_QUERYBUF` ioctl.
 
-
 Description
 ===========
 
-The :ref:`mmap() <dmx-mmap>` function asks to map ``length`` bytes starting at
+The :c:func:`mmap()` function asks to map ``length`` bytes starting at
 ``offset`` in the memory of the device specified by ``fd`` into the
 application address space, preferably at address ``start``. This latter
 address is a hint only, and is usually specified as 0.

@@ -88,13 +86,12 @@ Suitable length and offset parameters are queried with the
 :ref:`DMX_QUERYBUF` ioctl. Buffers must be allocated with the
 :ref:`DMX_REQBUFS` ioctl before they can be queried.
 
-To unmap buffers the :ref:`munmap() <dmx-munmap>` function is used.
-
+To unmap buffers the :c:func:`munmap()` function is used.
 
 Return Value
 ============
 
-On success :ref:`mmap() <dmx-mmap>` returns a pointer to the mapped buffer. On
+On success :c:func:`mmap()` returns a pointer to the mapped buffer. On
 error ``MAP_FAILED`` (-1) is returned, and the ``errno`` variable is set
 appropriately. Possible error codes are:
 

index 308a9593919c..66bbc11e5c40 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.dmx
 
 .. _dmx-munmap:
 

@@ -13,7 +14,6 @@ dmx-munmap - Unmap device memory
 
 .. warning:: This API is still experimental.
 
-
 Synopsis
 ========
 

@@ -22,33 +22,29 @@ Synopsis
     #include <unistd.h>
     #include <sys/mman.h>
 
-
 .. c:function:: int munmap( void *start, size_t length )
-    :name: dmx-munmap
 
 Arguments
 =========
 
 ``start``
     Address of the mapped buffer as returned by the
-    :ref:`mmap() <dmx-mmap>` function.
+    :c:func:`mmap()` function.
 
 ``length``
     Length of the mapped buffer. This must be the same value as given to
-    :ref:`mmap() <dmx-mmap>`.
-
+    :c:func:`mmap()`.
 
 Description
 ===========
 
-Unmaps a previously with the :ref:`mmap() <dmx-mmap>` function mapped
+Unmaps a previously with the :c:func:`mmap()` function mapped
 buffer and frees it, if possible.
 
-
 Return Value
 ============
 
-On success :ref:`munmap() <dmx-munmap>` returns 0, on failure -1 and the
+On success :c:func:`munmap()` returns 0, on failure -1 and the
 ``errno`` variable is set appropriately:
 
 EINVAL

index fcb1c55dd49a..17e70143c1b0 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
+.. c:namespace:: DTV.dmx
 
 .. _DMX_QBUF: