powerpc/64: Set task pt_regs->link to the LR value on scv entry

Nysal reported that userspace backtraces are missing in offcputime bcc tool. As an example:

    $ sudo ./bcc/tools/offcputime.py -uU
    Tracing off-CPU time (us) of user threads by user stack... Hit Ctrl-C to end.

    ^C
	write
	-                python (9107)
	    8

	write
	-                sudo (9105)
	    9

	mmap
	-                python (9107)
	    16

	clock_nanosleep
	-                multipathd (697)
	    3001604

The offcputime bcc tool attaches a bpf program to a kprobe on finish_task_switch(), which is usually hit on a syscall from userspace. With the switch to system call vectored, we started setting pt_regs->link to zero. This is because system call vectored behaves like a function call with LR pointing to the system call return address, and with no modification to SRR0/SRR1. The LR value does indicate our next instruction, so it is being saved as pt_regs->nip, and pt_regs->link is being set to zero. This is not a problem by itself, but BPF uses perf callchain infrastructure for capturing stack traces, and that stores LR as the second entry in the stack trace. perf has code to cope with the second entry being zero, and skips over it. However, generic userspace unwinders assume that a zero entry indicates end of the stack trace, resulting in a truncated userspace stack trace.

Rather than fixing all userspace unwinders to ignore/skip past the second entry, store the real LR value in pt_regs->link so that there continues to be a valid, though duplicate entry in the stack trace.

With this change:

    $ sudo ./bcc/tools/offcputime.py -uU
    Tracing off-CPU time (us) of user threads by user stack... Hit Ctrl-C to end.

    ^C
	write
	write
	[unknown]
	[unknown]
	[unknown]
	[unknown]
	[unknown]
	PyObject_VectorcallMethod
	[unknown]
	[unknown]
	PyObject_CallOneArg
	PyFile_WriteObject
	PyFile_WriteString
	[unknown]
	[unknown]
	PyObject_Vectorcall
	_PyEval_EvalFrameDefault
	PyEval_EvalCode
	[unknown]
	[unknown]
	[unknown]
	_PyRun_SimpleFileObject
	_PyRun_AnyFileObject
	Py_RunMain
	[unknown]
	Py_BytesMain
	[unknown]
	__libc_start_main
	-                python (1293)
	    7

	write
	write
	[unknown]
	sudo_ev_loop_v1
	sudo_ev_dispatch_v1
	[unknown]
	[unknown]
	[unknown]
	[unknown]
	__libc_start_main
	-                sudo (1291)
	    7

	syscall
	syscall
	bpf_open_perf_buffer_opts
	[unknown]
	[unknown]
	[unknown]
	[unknown]
	_PyObject_MakeTpCall
	PyObject_Vectorcall
	_PyEval_EvalFrameDefault
	PyEval_EvalCode
	[unknown]
	[unknown]
	[unknown]
	_PyRun_SimpleFileObject
	_PyRun_AnyFileObject
	Py_RunMain
	[unknown]
	Py_BytesMain
	[unknown]
	__libc_start_main
	-                python (1293)
	    11

	clock_nanosleep
	clock_nanosleep
	nanosleep
	sleep
	[unknown]
	[unknown]
	__clone
	-                multipathd (698)
	    3001661

---
v2: Update change log, re-order instructions storing into pt_regs->nip and pt_regs->link and add a comment to better describe the change. Also added a Fixes: tag.

 arch/powerpc/kernel/interrupt_64.S | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

index bd863702d812..1ad059a9e2fe 100644
@@ -52,7 +52,8 @@ _ASM_NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(system_call_vectored_\name)
 	mr	r10,r1
 	ld	r1,PACAKSAVE(r13)
 	std	r10,0(r1)
-	std	r11,_NIP(r1)
+	std	r11,_LINK(r1)
+	std	r11,_NIP(r1)	/* Saved LR is also the next instruction */
 	std	r12,_MSR(r1)
 	std	r0,GPR0(r1)
 	std	r10,GPR1(r1)

@@ -70,7 +71,6 @@ _ASM_NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(system_call_vectored_\name)
 	std	r9,GPR13(r1)
 	SAVE_NVGPRS(r1)
 	std	r11,_XER(r1)
-	std	r11,_LINK(r1)
 	std	r11,_CTR(r1)
 
 	li	r11,\trapnr

base-commit: 414e92af226ede4935509b0b5e041810c92e003f

2.43.0

Applied to powerpc/fixes.

[1/1] powerpc/64: Set task pt_regs->link to the LR value on scv entry

      https://git.kernel.org/powerpc/c/aad98efd0b121f63a2e1c221dcb4d4850128c697

cheers