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mm: disallow ioremap'ing ordinary RAM in generic_access_phys()

PATCH Applied David Hildenbrand (Arm) 4 participants 4 messages Oct 13 – Oct 14

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David Hildenbrand (Arm)

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#0 lore raw

PATCH 1/1 mm: disallow ioremap'ing ordinary RAM in generic_access_phys()

generic_access_phys() can end up getting called on CoW PFNMAP mappings, resulting in it trying to ioremap anonymous folios, which especially the x86 code doesn't enjoy, and which is in general just odd/wrong.

E.g., with a CoW mapping of a PCI BAR:

ioremap on RAM at 0x0000000045623000 - 0x0000000045623fff

  WARNING: arch/x86/mm/ioremap.c:216 at __ioremap_caller.isra.0+0x4c2/0x5f0
  Call Trace:
   generic_access_phys+0x130/0x4d0 mm/memory.c:7178
   kernfs_vma_access+0x1ce/0x280 fs/kernfs/file.c:437
   __access_remote_vm+0x58f/0x890 mm/memory.c:7256
   mem_rw+0x2a1/0x670 fs/proc/base.c:912

But more generically, we should disallow access to anything that looks like ordinary RAM in the system: including allocating memory (e.g., alloc_pages) and mapping them in a VM_PFNMAP.

For pages with an online memmap, allow only pages marked as reserved (PageReserved). This also includes memblock allocations, however, distinguishing them from other MMIO is tricky, and nobody should really be mapping them in a PFNMAP (except someone abusing /dev/mem, which we do not care about).

So only allow access if there is no online memmap, or if the pages are marked reserved. Reject other pages with -EINVAL.

Note that, just like other pfn_to_online_page() users, we won't care about concurrent memory offlining; mapping memory that can concurrently get offlined is highly dubious.

---
I went back and forth 10 times and concluded that using PageReserved should be the right thing to check for now.

---
 mm/memory.c | 14 ++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+)
mm/memory.c +14 -0
index 1f5d5f7d39cd2..5d9f757a00073 100644
@@ -7226,6 +7226,7 @@ int generic_access_phys(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
 	resource_size_t phys_addr;
 	pgprot_t prot = __pgprot(0);
 	void __iomem *maddr;
+	struct page *page;
 	int offset = offset_in_page(addr);
 	int ret = -EINVAL;
 	bool writable;
@@ -7240,6 +7241,19 @@ int generic_access_phys(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
 retry:
 	if (follow_pfnmap_start(&args))
 		return -EINVAL;
+
+	/*
+	 * Reject anything that looks like ordinary RAM, including anonymous
+	 * folios in CoW mappings or allocated kernel memory. Note that we
+	 * cannot distinguish memblock allocations from non-RAM reliably, so
+	 * we cannot easily reject them here.
+	 */
+	page = pfn_to_online_page(args.pfn);
+	if (page && !PageReserved(page)) {
+		follow_pfnmap_end(&args);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
 	prot = args.pgprot;
 	phys_addr = (resource_size_t)args.pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
 	writable = args.writable;

---

base-commit: 634cbf5b794b734c78631b92e381cfc85f357bbe

change-id: 20261009-generic_access_phys-0f3e0806305d

--

Cheers,

David

reviewer Reviewed-by on v1 1/1
#1 lore raw
Quoted 3 lines · David Hildenbrand (Arm)

generic_access_phys() can end up getting called on CoW PFNMAP mappings, resulting in it trying to ioremap anonymous folios, which especially the x86 code doesn't enjoy, and which is in general just odd/wrong.

Ugh god.

Quoted 11 lines

E.g., with a CoW mapping of a PCI BAR:

ioremap on RAM at 0x0000000045623000 - 0x0000000045623fff

  WARNING: arch/x86/mm/ioremap.c:216 at __ioremap_caller.isra.0+0x4c2/0x5f0
  Call Trace:
   generic_access_phys+0x130/0x4d0 mm/memory.c:7178
   kernfs_vma_access+0x1ce/0x280 fs/kernfs/file.c:437
   __access_remote_vm+0x58f/0x890 mm/memory.c:7256
   mem_rw+0x2a1/0x670 fs/proc/base.c:912
Quoted 3 lines

But more generically, we should disallow access to anything that looks like ordinary RAM in the system: including allocating memory (e.g., alloc_pages) and mapping them in a VM_PFNMAP.

Yes.

Quoted 6 lines

For pages with an online memmap, allow only pages marked as reserved (PageReserved). This also includes memblock allocations, however, distinguishing them from other MMIO is tricky, and nobody should really be mapping them in a PFNMAP (except someone abusing /dev/mem, which we do not care about).

Yeah I guess we shouldn't try too hard for weird edge cases, or at least can revisit it later potentially.

Quoted 3 lines

So only allow access if there is no online memmap, or if the pages are marked reserved. Reject other pages with -EINVAL.

Seems reasonable overall.

Quoted 4 lines

Note that, just like other pfn_to_online_page() users, we won't care about concurrent memory offlining; mapping memory that can concurrently get offlined is highly dubious.

Yeah sounds like the user would be doing something crazy in this case, therefore their problem!

Quoted 8 lines

LGTM so:

Quoted 3 lines

---
I went back and forth 10 times and concluded that using PageReserved should be the right thing to check for now.

It seems the sensible choice, yes. And locally, AI review agrees with you, FWIW!

--
Cheers, Lorenzo

reviewer Acked-by on v1 1/1
#2 lore raw
In reply to David Hildenbrand (Arm)
Quoted 14 lines · David Hildenbrand (Arm)

generic_access_phys() can end up getting called on CoW PFNMAP mappings, resulting in it trying to ioremap anonymous folios, which especially the x86 code doesn't enjoy, and which is in general just odd/wrong.

E.g., with a CoW mapping of a PCI BAR:

ioremap on RAM at 0x0000000045623000 - 0x0000000045623fff

  WARNING: arch/x86/mm/ioremap.c:216 at __ioremap_caller.isra.0+0x4c2/0x5f0
  Call Trace:
   generic_access_phys+0x130/0x4d0 mm/memory.c:7178
   kernfs_vma_access+0x1ce/0x280 fs/kernfs/file.c:437
   __access_remote_vm+0x58f/0x890 mm/memory.c:7256
   mem_rw+0x2a1/0x670 fs/proc/base.c:912
Quoted 7 lines

But more generically, we should disallow access to anything that looks like ordinary RAM in the system: including allocating memory (e.g., alloc_pages) and mapping them in a VM_PFNMAP.

For pages with an online memmap, allow only pages marked as reserved (PageReserved). This also includes memblock allocations, however, distinguishing them from other MMIO is tricky, and nobody should really

With ARCH_KEEP_MEMBLOCK it's actually easy ...

Quoted 2 lines

be mapping them in a PFNMAP (except someone abusing /dev/mem, which we do not care about).

... but yeah, it's not worth it.

Quoted 7 lines

So only allow access if there is no online memmap, or if the pages are marked reserved. Reject other pages with -EINVAL.

Note that, just like other pfn_to_online_page() users, we won't care about concurrent memory offlining; mapping memory that can concurrently get offlined is highly dubious.

Quoted 7 lines
Quoted 3 lines
---
 mm/memory.c | 14 ++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+)
Signature · 2 lines
Sincerely yours,
Mike.
Tested-by on v1 1/1
#3 lore raw
In reply to David Hildenbrand (Arm)
Quoted 31 lines · David Hildenbrand (Arm)

generic_access_phys() can end up getting called on CoW PFNMAP mappings, resulting in it trying to ioremap anonymous folios, which especially the x86 code doesn't enjoy, and which is in general just odd/wrong.

E.g., with a CoW mapping of a PCI BAR:

ioremap on RAM at 0x0000000045623000 - 0x0000000045623fff

 WARNING: arch/x86/mm/ioremap.c:216 at __ioremap_caller.isra.0+0x4c2/0x5f0
 Call Trace:
  generic_access_phys+0x130/0x4d0 mm/memory.c:7178
  kernfs_vma_access+0x1ce/0x280 fs/kernfs/file.c:437
  __access_remote_vm+0x58f/0x890 mm/memory.c:7256
  mem_rw+0x2a1/0x670 fs/proc/base.c:912

But more generically, we should disallow access to anything that looks like ordinary RAM in the system: including allocating memory (e.g., alloc_pages) and mapping them in a VM_PFNMAP.

For pages with an online memmap, allow only pages marked as reserved (PageReserved). This also includes memblock allocations, however, distinguishing them from other MMIO is tricky, and nobody should really be mapping them in a PFNMAP (except someone abusing /dev/mem, which we do not care about).

So only allow access if there is no online memmap, or if the pages are marked reserved. Reject other pages with -EINVAL.

Note that, just like other pfn_to_online_page() users, we won't care about concurrent memory offlining; mapping memory that can concurrently get offlined is highly dubious.

Quoted 8 lines

---

Nice work!