Lumpy Reclaim V3
Subsystems (6)
cover Lumpy Reclaim V3
Some weeks back I posted a linear reclaim patch series. Discussions on that led Peter Zijlstra to propose new simpler block based reclaim algorithm called 'lumpy'. We have been testing variants of this to try and improve its effectivness to close to that of the heavier weight linear algorithm. The stack below both remains simple but gives us pretty useful reclaim rates.
I have left the changes broken out for the time being so as to make it clear what is the original and what is my fault. I would expect to roll this up before acceptance.
-apw
=== 8< ===
Lumpy Reclaim (V3)
When we are out of memory of a suitable size we enter reclaim. The current reclaim algorithm targets pages in LRU order, which is great for fairness but highly unsuitable if you desire pages at higher orders. To get pages of higher order we must shoot down a very high proportion of memory; >95% in a lot of cases.
This patch set adds a lumpy reclaim algorithm to the allocator. It targets groups of pages at the specified order anchored at the end of the active and inactive lists. This encourages groups of pages at the requested orders to move from active to inactive, and active to free lists. This behaviour is only triggered out of direct reclaim when higher order pages have been requested.
This patch set is particularly effective when utilised with an anti-fragmentation scheme which groups pages of similar reclaimability together.
This patch set (against 2.6.19-rc5-mm2) is based on Peter Zijlstra's lumpy reclaim V2 patch which forms the foundation. It comprises the following patches:
lumpy-reclaim-v2 -- Peter Zijlstra's lumpy reclaim prototype,
lumpy-cleanup-a-missplaced-comment-and-simplify-some-code --
cleanups to move a comment back to where it came from, to make the area edge selection more comprehensible and also cleans up the switch coding style to match the concensus in mm/*.c,
lumpy-ensure-we-respect-zone-boundaries -- bug fix to ensure we do
not attempt to take pages from adjacent zones, and
lumpy-take-the-other-active-inactive-pages-in-the-area -- patch to
increase aggression over the targetted order.
Testing of this patch set under high fragmentation high allocation load conditions shows significantly improved high order reclaim rates than a standard kernel. The stack here it is now within 5% of the best case linear-reclaim figures.
It would be interesting to see if this setup is also successful in reducing order-2 allocation failures that you have been seeing with jumbo frames.
Please consider for -mm.
-apw
--
To unsubscribe, send a message with 'unsubscribe linux-mm' in the body to [email protected]. For more info on Linux MM,
see: http://www.linux-mm.org/ .
Don't email: <a href=mailto:"[email protected]"> [email protected] </a>
PATCH 1/4 lumpy reclaim v2
lumpy reclaim v2
When trying to reclaim pages for a higher order allocation, make reclaim try to move lumps of pages (fitting the requested order) about, instead of single pages. This should significantly reduce the number of reclaimed pages for higher order allocations.
---
fs/buffer.c +1 -1
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ static void free_more_memory(void)for_each_online_pgdat (pgdat) { zones = pgdat->node_zonelists[gfp_zone (GFP_NOFS )].zones;if (*zones) -try_to_free_pages (zones,GFP_NOFS ); +try_to_free_pages (zones,0 ,GFP_NOFS ); } }
include/linux/swap.h +1 -1
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ extern int rotate_reclaimable_page(strucextern void swap_setup (void );/* linux/mm/vmscan.c */ -extern unsigned long try_to_free_pages (struct zone **,gfp_t ); +extern unsigned long try_to_free_pages (struct zone **,int ,gfp_t );extern unsigned long shrink_all_memory (unsigned long nr_pages);extern int vm_swappiness;extern int remove_mapping (struct address_space *mapping,struct page *page);
mm/page_alloc.c +1 -1
@@ -1368,7 +1368,7 @@ nofail_alloc: reclaim_state.reclaimed_slab =0 ; p->reclaim_state = &reclaim_state; - did_some_progress =try_to_free_pages (zonelist->zones, gfp_mask); + did_some_progress =try_to_free_pages (zonelist->zones, order, gfp_mask); p->reclaim_state =NULL ; p->flags &= ~PF_MEMALLOC ;
mm/vmscan.c +74 -20
142 lines not on this page · raw message
--
To unsubscribe, send a message with 'unsubscribe linux-mm' in the body to [email protected]. For more info on Linux MM,
see: http://www.linux-mm.org/ .
Don't email: <a href=mailto:"[email protected]"> [email protected] </a>
PATCH 2/4 lumpy cleanup a missplaced comment and simplify some code
In reply to Andy WhitcroftMove the comment for isolate_lru_pages() back to its function and comment the new function. Add some running commentry on the area scan. Cleanup the indentation on switch to match the majority view in mm/*. Finally, clarify the boundary pfn calculations.
---
mm/vmscan.c +50 -36
@@ -609,21 +609,14 @@ keep: }/* -* zone->lru_lock is heavily contended. Some of the functions that -* shrink the lists perform better by taking out a batch of pages -* and working on them outside the LRU lock. +* Attempt to remove the specified page from its LRU. Only take this +* page if it is of the appropriate PageActive status. Pages which +* are being freed elsewhere are also ignored. * -* For pagecache intensive workloads, this function is the hottest -* spot in the kernel (apart from copy_*_user functions). -* -* Appropriate locks must be held before calling this function. +* @page: page to consider +* @active: active/inactive flag only take pages of this type * -* @nr_to_scan: The number of pages to look through on the list. -* @src: The LRU list to pull pages off. -* @dst: The temp list to put pages on to. -* @scanned: The number of pages that were scanned. -* -* returns how many pages were moved onto *@dst. +* returns 0 on success, -ve errno on failure. */ int __isolate_lru_page (struct page *page,int active) {
@@ -645,6 +638,23 @@ int __isolate_lru_page(struct page *pagereturn ret; } +/* +* zone->lru_lock is heavily contended. Some of the functions that +* shrink the lists perform better by taking out a batch of pages +* and working on them outside the LRU lock. +* +* For pagecache intensive workloads, this function is the hottest +* spot in the kernel (apart from copy_*_user functions). +* +* Appropriate locks must be held before calling this function. +* +* @nr_to_scan: The number of pages to look through on the list. +* @src: The LRU list to pull pages off. +* @dst: The temp list to put pages on to. +* @scanned: The number of pages that were scanned. +* +* returns how many pages were moved onto *@dst. +*/ static unsigned long isolate_lru_pages (unsigned long nr_to_scan,struct list_head *src,struct list_head *dst,unsigned long *scanned,int order)
@@ -662,26 +672,31 @@ static unsigned long isolate_lru_pages(u active =PageActive (page);switch (__isolate_lru_page (page, active)) { -case 0 : -list_move (&page->lru, dst); - nr_taken++; -break ; +case 0 : +list_move (&page->lru, dst); + nr_taken++; +break ; -case -EBUSY : -/* else it is being freed elsewhere */ -list_move (&page->lru, src); -continue ; +case -EBUSY : +/* else it is being freed elsewhere */ +list_move (&page->lru, src); +continue ; -default : -BUG (); +default : +BUG (); }if (!order)continue ; - page_pfn = pfn =__page_to_pfn (page); - end_pfn = pfn &= ~((1 << order) -1 ); - end_pfn +=1 << order; +/* +* Attempt to take all pages in the order aligned region +* surrounding the tag page. Only take those pages of +* the same active state as that tag page. +*/ + page_pfn =__page_to_pfn (page); + pfn = page_pfn & ~((1 << order) -1 ); + end_pfn = pfn + (1 << order);for (; pfn < end_pfn; pfn++) {if (unlikely (pfn == page_pfn))continue ;
@@ -691,17 +706,16 @@ static unsigned long isolate_lru_pages(u scan++; tmp =__pfn_to_page (pfn);switch (__isolate_lru_page (tmp, active)) { -case 0 : -list_move (&tmp->lru, dst); - nr_taken++; -continue ; - -case -EBUSY : -/* else it is being freed elsewhere */ -list_move (&tmp->lru, src); -default : -break ; +case 0 : +list_move (&tmp->lru, dst); + nr_taken++; +continue ; +case -EBUSY : +/* else it is being freed elsewhere */ +list_move (&tmp->lru, src); +default : +break ; }break ; }
--
To unsubscribe, send a message with 'unsubscribe linux-mm' in the body to [email protected]. For more info on Linux MM,
see: http://www.linux-mm.org/ .
Don't email: <a href=mailto:"[email protected]"> [email protected] </a>
PATCH 3/4 lumpy ensure we respect zone boundaries
In reply to Andy WhitcroftWhen scanning an aligned order N area ensure we only pull out pages in the same zone as our tag page, else we will manipulate those pages' LRU under the wrong zone lru_lock. Bad.
---
mm/vmscan.c +5 -1
@@ -663,6 +663,7 @@ static unsigned long isolate_lru_pages(ustruct page *page, *tmp;unsigned long scan, pfn, end_pfn, page_pfn;int active; +int zone_id;for (scan =0 ; scan < nr_to_scan && !list_empty (src); scan++) { page =lru_to_page (src);
@@ -694,6 +695,7 @@ static unsigned long isolate_lru_pages(u* surrounding the tag page. Only take those pages of * the same active state as that tag page. */ + zone_id =page_zone_id (page); page_pfn =__page_to_pfn (page); pfn = page_pfn & ~((1 << order) -1 ); end_pfn = pfn + (1 << order);
@@ -703,8 +705,10 @@ static unsigned long isolate_lru_pages(uif (unlikely (!pfn_valid (pfn)))break ; - scan++; tmp =__pfn_to_page (pfn); +if (unlikely (page_zone_id (tmp) != zone_id)) +continue ; + scan++;switch (__isolate_lru_page (tmp, active)) {case 0 :list_move (&tmp->lru, dst);
--
To unsubscribe, send a message with 'unsubscribe linux-mm' in the body to [email protected]. For more info on Linux MM,
see: http://www.linux-mm.org/ .
Don't email: <a href=mailto:"[email protected]"> [email protected] </a>
PATCH 4/4 lumpy take the other active inactive pages in the area
In reply to Andy WhitcroftWhen we scan an order N aligned area around our tag page take any other pages with a matching active state to that of the tag page. This will tend to demote areas of the order we are interested from the active list to the inactive list and from the end of the inactive list, increasing the chances of such areas coming free together.
---
mm/vmscan.c +1 -2
@@ -713,7 +713,7 @@ static unsigned long isolate_lru_pages(ucase 0 :list_move (&tmp->lru, dst); nr_taken++; -continue ; +break ;case -EBUSY :/* else it is being freed elsewhere */
@@ -721,7 +721,6 @@ static unsigned long isolate_lru_pages(udefault :break ; } -break ; } }
--
To unsubscribe, send a message with 'unsubscribe linux-mm' in the body to [email protected]. For more info on Linux MM,
see: http://www.linux-mm.org/ .
Don't email: <a href=mailto:"[email protected]"> [email protected] </a>
Quoted 6 lines · Andy Whitcroft
lumpy-reclaim-v2 -- Peter Zijlstra's lumpy reclaim prototype,
lumpy-cleanup-a-missplaced-comment-and-simplify-some-code --
cleanups to move a comment back to where it came from, to make the area edge selection more comprehensible and also cleans up the switch coding style to match the concensus inmm/*.c,
Sure looks better.
Quoted 2 lines
lumpy-ensure-we-respect-zone-boundaries -- bug fix to ensure we do
not attempt to take pages from adjacent zones, and
Valid case I guess :-)
Quoted 2 lines
lumpy-take-the-other-active-inactive-pages-in-the-area -- patch to
increase aggression over the targetted order.
Yeah, I see how this will help.
for all 3
--
To unsubscribe, send a message with 'unsubscribe linux-mm' in the body to [email protected]. For more info on Linux MM,
see: http://www.linux-mm.org/ .
Don't email: <a href=mailto:"[email protected]"> [email protected] </a>