my inode scaling series for review

Here is my famously tardy inode scaling patch set, for review for merging. Yes it is a lot of patches, but it is very well broken out. It is not rocket science -- if you don't understand something please get me to add comments.

Patches 1-13 incrementally take over inode_lock in small, conservative, obvious (as possible) steps. Subsequent patches improve code and performance.

The only significant changes made from the inode scaling work in the vfs-scale tree are merging to mainline, taking review suggestions, changing the patch set to be better split up and improving comments and changelogs.

This is compatible with the rest of the dcache scaling improvements in my tree, including the store-free path walking (rcu-walk).

I don't think Dave Chinner's approach is the way to go for a number of reasons.

* My locking design allows i_lock to lock the entire state of the icache for a particular inode. Not so with Dave's, and he had to add code not required with inode_lock synchronisation or my i_lock synchronisation. I prefer being very conservative about making changes, especially before inode_lock is lifted (which will be the end-point of bisection for any locking breakage before it).

* As far as I can tell, I have addressed all Dave and Christoph's real concerns. The disagreement about the i_lock locking model can easily be solved if they post a couple of small incremental patches to the end of the series, making i_lock locking less regular and no longer protecting icache state of that given inode (like inode_lock was able to pre-patchset). I've repeatedly disagreed with this approach, however.

* I have used RCU for inodes, and structured a lot of the locking around that.
RCU is required for store-free path walking, so it makes more sense IMO to
implement now rather than in a subsequent release (and reworking inode locking to take advantage of it). I have a design sketched for using slab RCU freeing, which is a little more complex, but it should be able to take care of any real-workload regressions if we do discover them.

* I implement per-zone LRU lists and locking, which are desperately required for reasonable NUMA performance, and are a first step towards proper mem controller control of vfs caches (Google have a similar per-zone LRU patch they need for their fakenuma based memory control, I believe).

* I implemented per-cpu locking for inode sb lists. The scalability and single threaded performance of the full vfs-scale stack has been tested quite well. Most of the vfs scales pretty linearly up to several hundreds of sockets at least. I have counted cycles on various x86 and POWER architectures to improve single threaded performance. It's an ongoing process but there has been a lot of work done already there.

We want all these things ASAP, so it doesn't make sense to me to stage out significant locking changes in the icache code over several releases. Just get them out of the way now -- the series is bisectable and reviewable, so I think it will reduce churn and headache for everyone to get it out of the way now.