Reinstate support for Visual Studio

A long time ago, we added support to build .sln and .vcproj files for use within Visual Studio, so that Git could be built in that popular IDE.

This support languished for years and was finally brought back into Git for Windows partially through the jh/msvc branch that was just merged into master. With the tremendous help by Philip Oakley and Jeff Hostetler, this re-adds support for Visual Studio, focusing on VS 2015 and later (older versions are currently unsupported, even if we worked a bit on that front, too; If there are volunteers to add support for older versions, I would be delighted to review PRs to that end on
https://github.com/git-for-windows/git).

Note: the currently preferred way to contribute using Visual Studio is by using Git for Windows' vs/master branch (which is automatically generated using the make vcxproj build target that this patch series adds, updated every time Git for Windows' master advances). My plan is to provide a similar branch in GitGitGadget, based on top of git.git's master, once this patch series is integrated.

Changes since v1:

* The empty directory templates/blt/branches/ is now created as part of the build.

Johannes Schindelin (14):
Vcproj.pm: auto-generate GUIDs
Vcproj.pm: do not configure VCWebServiceProxyGeneratorTool Vcproj.pm: urlencode '<' and '>' when generating VC projects contrib/buildsystems: ignore irrelevant files in Generators/ contrib/buildsystems: error out on unknown option contrib/buildsystems: handle libiconv, too contrib/buildsystems: also handle -lexpat contrib/buildsystems: handle options starting with a slash contrib/buildsystems: add a backend for modern Visual Studio versions
msvc: add a Makefile target to pre-generate the Visual Studio solution
vcxproj: also link-or-copy builtins
.gitignore: ignore Visual Studio's temporary/generated files
bin-wrappers: append .exe to target paths if necessary
git: avoid calling aliased builtins via their dashed form

Philip Oakley (9):
Vcproj.pm: list git.exe first to be startup project contrib/buildsystems: ignore invalidcontinue.obj contrib/buildsystems: fix misleading error message contrib/buildsystems: handle quoted spaces in filenames contrib/buildsystems: ignore gettext stuff contrib/buildsystems: redirect errors of the dry run into a log file contrib/buildsystems: optionally capture the dry-run in a file contrib/buildsystems: handle the curl library option .gitignore: touch up the entries regarding Visual Studio

 .gitignore                                 |   8 +-
 Makefile                                   |   2 +-
 compat/vcbuild/README                      |  23 ++
 config.mak.uname                           |  76 ++++
 contrib/buildsystems/Generators.pm         |   2 +-
 contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcproj.pm  | 119 ++-----
 contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm | 388 +++++++++++++++++++++
 contrib/buildsystems/engine.pl             |  55 ++-
 git.c                                      |   3 -
 9 files changed, 576 insertions(+), 100 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm

base-commit: 9d418600f4d10dcbbfb0b5fdbc71d509e03ba719
Published-As: https://github.com/gitgitgadget/git/releases/tag/pr-287%2Fdscho%2Fvisual-studio-v2
Fetch-It-Via: git fetch https://github.com/gitgitgadget/git pr-287/dscho/visual-studio-v2
Pull-Request: https://github.com/gitgitgadget/git/pull/287

Range-diff vs v1:

  1:  240ff42517 =  1:  240ff42517 Vcproj.pm: auto-generate GUIDs
  2:  a7898b0025 =  2:  a7898b0025 Vcproj.pm: list git.exe first to be startup project
  3:  d42fd0fe2e =  3:  d42fd0fe2e Vcproj.pm: do not configure VCWebServiceProxyGeneratorTool
  4:  f4d41c65e9 =  4:  f4d41c65e9 Vcproj.pm: urlencode '<' and '>' when generating VC projects
  5:  82e820017b =  5:  82e820017b contrib/buildsystems: ignore invalidcontinue.obj
  6:  60a45f2694 =  6:  60a45f2694 contrib/buildsystems: ignore irrelevant files in Generators/
  7:  b8eb868316 =  7:  b8eb868316 contrib/buildsystems: fix misleading error message
  8:  c10fd668ef =  8:  c10fd668ef contrib/buildsystems: handle quoted spaces in filenames
  9:  e908d01f07 =  9:  e908d01f07 contrib/buildsystems: ignore gettext stuff
 10:  3cfbb7843a = 10:  3cfbb7843a contrib/buildsystems: redirect errors of the dry run into a log file
 11:  eaf1dd449d = 11:  eaf1dd449d contrib/buildsystems: optionally capture the dry-run in a file
 12:  c696152c7f = 12:  c696152c7f contrib/buildsystems: error out on unknown option
 13:  b07e83440d = 13:  b07e83440d contrib/buildsystems: handle the curl library option
 14:  052a98b8bb = 14:  052a98b8bb contrib/buildsystems: handle libiconv, too
 15:  5c9702ea50 = 15:  5c9702ea50 contrib/buildsystems: also handle -lexpat
 16:  1d4c5539ef = 16:  1d4c5539ef contrib/buildsystems: handle options starting with a slash
 17:  59c50989ea ! 17:  bc6a10ba47 contrib/buildsystems: add a backend for modern Visual Studio versions
     @@ -296,6 +296,7 @@
      +      <DLLsAndPDBs Include="\$(VCPKGBinDirectory)\\*.dll;\$(VCPKGBinDirectory)\\*.pdb" />
      +    </ItemGroup>
      +    <Copy SourceFiles="@(DLLsAndPDBs)" DestinationFolder="\$(OutDir)" SkipUnchangedFiles="true" UseHardlinksIfPossible="true" />
     ++    <MakeDir Directories="..\\templates\\blt\\branches" />
      +  </Target>
      +EOM
      +    }
 18:  23615bc8cf = 18:  2a3379d721 msvc: add a Makefile target to pre-generate the Visual Studio solution
 19:  33bed9a7a6 = 19:  4dbbe3f4a2 vcxproj: also link-or-copy builtins
 20:  44f0f3235e = 20:  dc4a9cc620 .gitignore: touch up the entries regarding Visual Studio
 21:  8f19bb5a8c = 21:  3f862bf878 .gitignore: ignore Visual Studio's temporary/generated files
 22:  971247e320 = 22:  a81cc2ccce bin-wrappers: append `.exe` to target paths if necessary
 23:  db69b33ff4 <  -:  ---------- t5505,t5516: create .git/branches/ when needed
 24:  151b9921d0 = 23:  6452dc11bc git: avoid calling aliased builtins via their dashed form

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