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Bug 30872 [email protected] 2 participants 7 messages Mar 10, 2011 – Apr 11, 2011

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https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=30872

Summary: Calling kfree() for uninitialized pointer in
ext4_mb_init_backend()
Product: File System
Version: 2.5
Kernel Version: 2.6.38-rc5 (ext4 subsystem tree)
Platform: All
OS/Version: Linux
Tree: Mainline
Status: NEW
Severity: normal
Priority: P1
Component: ext4
AssignedTo: [email protected]
ReportedBy: [email protected]
Regression: No

Tested on ext4 module from git tree
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4.git,
tip: b616844310a6c8a4ab405d3436bbb6e53cfd852f

Arch: x86

At fs/ext4/mballoc.c:2389, memory is allocated for sbi->s_group_info array. The elements of this array (pointers themselves) seem to be initialized when ext4_mb_add_groupinfo() is called (line 2408).

If ext4_mb_add_groupinfo() fails for some reason (e.g. if memory allocation at line 2296 fails), ext4_mb_init_backend() tries to call kfree() for each element in sbi->s_group_info array, including the ones that have not been initialized yet:

fs/ext4/mballoc.c:2414:
err_freebuddy:

    cachep = get_groupinfo_cache(sb->s_blocksize_bits);
    while (i-- > 0)
        kmem_cache_free(cachep, ext4_get_group_info(sb, i));
    i = num_meta_group_infos; 
    while (i-- > 0)
        kfree(sbi->s_group_info[i]); /* <= oops here */
    iput(sbi->s_buddy_cache);

'num_meta_group_infos' seems to be the total number of the elements that should have been created.

The problem showed up when I ran tests for ext4 from Linux Test Project (ext4-alloc-test, test #7, to be exact).

'num_meta_group_infos' was 12 on my system. The first 2 calls to ext4_mb_add_groupinfo() (ln 2408) succeeded but the 3rd one failed. kfree(sbi->s_group_info[11]) resulted in a kernel oops:

--------------------------------------------------

[ 6349.953315] EXT4-fs: can't allocate buddy mem
[ 6349.953587] BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at f7853a00
[ 6349.953591] IP: [<c02f1273>] kfree+0x43/0xf0
[ 6349.953613] *pde = 00000000 
[ 6349.953615] Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP 
[ 6349.953617] last sysfs file:
/sys/devices/virtual/block/loop1/queue/rotational
[ 6349.953623] Modules linked in: ext4 jbd2 crc16 kedr_controller

kedr_fsim_indicator_kmalloc kedr_fsim_indicator_common kedr_fsim_vmm kedr_fsim_mem_util kedr_fsim_cmm kedr_fault_simulation kedr_trace kedr_base fuse snd_pcm_oss snd_mixer_oss snd_seq snd_seq_device edd af_packet mperf loop dm_mod ppdev snd_intel8x0 snd_ac97_codec ac97_bus snd_pcm parport_pc snd_timer parport snd sr_mod cdrom ac e1000 sg i2c_piix4 soundcore snd_page_alloc button pcspkr ohci_hcd ehci_hcd rtc_cmos rtc_core rtc_lib usbcore sd_mod fan processor ata_generic ata_piix thermal thermal_sys hwmon ahci libahci libata scsi_mod [last unloaded: kedr_base]

[ 6349.953655] 
[ 6349.953657] Pid: 8379, comm: mount Not tainted 2.6.38-rc5-testbox-ext4+ #1
innotek GmbH VirtualBox
[ 6349.953664] EIP: 0060:[<c02f1273>] EFLAGS: 00010086 CPU: 0
[ 6349.953666] EIP is at kfree+0x43/0xf0
[ 6349.953667] EAX: f7853a00 EBX: 02b50001 ECX: 00000000 EDX: 000000bb
[ 6349.953669] ESI: f8a15391 EDI: 00000202 EBP: e7e03d70 ESP: e7e03d60
[ 6349.953670]  DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8 GS: 0033 SS: 0068
[ 6349.953672] Process mount (pid: 8379, ti=e7e02000 task=f66bed30
task.ti=e7e02000)
[ 6349.953674] Stack:
[ 6349.953675]  eea9cae8 02b50001 f446f400 f446f400 e7e03d8c f8a15391 f8f01609
00000002
[ 6349.953679]  00032609 02b50001 0000000a e7e03dbc f8f01609 00020000 00000000
f47ce1c0
[ 6349.953683]  f446f400 f446f400 0000000c f446f400 f446f400 e4866bf0 f446f400
e7e03e98
[ 6349.953687] Call Trace:
[ 6349.953691]  [<f8a15391>] repl_kfree+0x51/0xa0 [kedr_fsim_cmm]
[ 6349.953709]  [<f8f01609>] ext4_mb_init+0x2a9/0x4b0 [ext4]
[ 6349.953716]  [<f8ef1b22>] ext4_fill_super+0x2602/0x2ae0 [ext4]
[ 6349.953726]  [<c02fd920>] mount_bdev+0x170/0x1b0
[ 6349.953732]  [<f8ee706a>] ext4_mount+0x1a/0x20 [ext4]
[ 6349.953741]  [<c02fd0f0>] vfs_kern_mount+0x70/0x230
[ 6349.953753]  [<c02fd309>] do_kern_mount+0x39/0xd0
[ 6349.953755]  [<c0314d72>] do_mount+0x432/0x6c0
[ 6349.953768]  [<c0315326>] sys_mount+0x66/0xa0
[ 6349.953771]  [<c0202ddc>] sysenter_do_call+0x12/0x28
[ 6349.953772] Code: 7d fc 85 c9 75 73 83 fb 10 76 61 9c 58 8d 74 26 00 89 c7
fa 90 8d 74 26 00 8d 83 00 00 00 40 c1 e8 0c c1 e0 05 03 05 64 ff 86 c0 <8b> 10
80 e6 80 0f 85 8b 00 00 00 8b 10 80 e6 80 75 7c 8b 10 81 
[ 6349.953796] EIP: [<c02f1273>] kfree+0x43/0xf0 SS:ESP 0068:e7e03d60
[ 6349.953799] CR2: 00000000f7853a00
[ 6349.953801] ---[ end trace 8e09ff66f4f48163 ]--- 

--------------------------------------------------

If I understand correctly what happens in ext4_mb_init_backend(), zeroing sbi->s_group_info on allocation could fix the problem:
fs/ext4/mballoc.c:2389:
- sbi->s_group_info = kmalloc(array_size, GFP_KERNEL);
+ sbi->s_group_info = kzalloc(array_size, GFP_KERNEL);

This issue was detected with the help of KEDR framework
(http://kedr.berlios.de/). repl_kfree() that can be seen in the call stack above is a thin wrapper around kfree() that simply output its argument to a trace.

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#1 lore raw
Quoted 34 lines · On Thu, Mar 10, 2011 at 10:21 PM, <[email protected]> wrote:

https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=30872

          Summary: Calling kfree() for uninitialized pointer in ext4_mb_init_backend()
          Product: File System
          Version: 2.5
   Kernel Version: 2.6.38-rc5 (ext4 subsystem tree)
         Platform: All
       OS/Version: Linux
             Tree: Mainline
           Status: NEW
         Severity: normal
         Priority: P1
        Component: ext4
       AssignedTo: [email protected]
       ReportedBy: [email protected]
       Regression: No

Tested on ext4 module from git tree
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4.git,
tip: b616844310a6c8a4ab405d3436bbb6e53cfd852f

Arch: x86

At fs/ext4/mballoc.c:2389, memory is allocated for sbi->s_group_info array. The elements of this array (pointers themselves) seem to be initialized when ext4_mb_add_groupinfo() is called (line 2408).

If ext4_mb_add_groupinfo() fails for some reason (e.g. if memory allocation at line 2296 fails), ext4_mb_init_backend() tries to call kfree() for each element in sbi->s_group_info array, including the ones that have not been initialized yet:

Quoted 7 lines

fs/ext4/mballoc.c:2414:
err_freebuddy:
   cachep = get_groupinfo_cache(sb->s_blocksize_bits); while (i-- > 0)
       kmem_cache_free(cachep, ext4_get_group_info(sb, i)); i = num_meta_group_infos;
   while (i-- > 0)

literally understand, should be
while (--i >= 0)

Could you try with above?

Quoted 86 lines

       kfree(sbi->s_group_info[i]); /* <= oops here */ iput(sbi->s_buddy_cache);

'num_meta_group_infos' seems to be the total number of the elements that should have been created.

The problem showed up when I ran tests for ext4 from Linux Test Project (ext4-alloc-test, test #7, to be exact).

'num_meta_group_infos' was 12 on my system. The first 2 calls to ext4_mb_add_groupinfo() (ln 2408) succeeded but the 3rd one failed. kfree(sbi->s_group_info[11]) resulted in a kernel oops:

--------------------------------------------------

[ 6349.953315] EXT4-fs: can't allocate buddy mem
[ 6349.953587] BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at f7853a00
[ 6349.953591] IP: [<c02f1273>] kfree+0x43/0xf0
[ 6349.953613] *pde = 00000000
[ 6349.953615] Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP
[ 6349.953617] last sysfs file:
/sys/devices/virtual/block/loop1/queue/rotational
[ 6349.953623] Modules linked in: ext4 jbd2 crc16 kedr_controller

kedr_fsim_indicator_kmalloc kedr_fsim_indicator_common kedr_fsim_vmm kedr_fsim_mem_util kedr_fsim_cmm kedr_fault_simulation kedr_trace kedr_base fuse snd_pcm_oss snd_mixer_oss snd_seq snd_seq_device edd af_packet mperf loop dm_mod ppdev snd_intel8x0 snd_ac97_codec ac97_bus snd_pcm parport_pc snd_timer parport snd sr_mod cdrom ac e1000 sg i2c_piix4 soundcore snd_page_alloc button pcspkr ohci_hcd ehci_hcd rtc_cmos rtc_core rtc_lib usbcore sd_mod fan processor ata_generic ata_piix thermal thermal_sys hwmon ahci libahci libata scsi_mod [last unloaded: kedr_base]

[ 6349.953655]
[ 6349.953657] Pid: 8379, comm: mount Not tainted 2.6.38-rc5-testbox-ext4+ #1
innotek GmbH VirtualBox
[ 6349.953664] EIP: 0060:[<c02f1273>] EFLAGS: 00010086 CPU: 0
[ 6349.953666] EIP is at kfree+0x43/0xf0
[ 6349.953667] EAX: f7853a00 EBX: 02b50001 ECX: 00000000 EDX: 000000bb
[ 6349.953669] ESI: f8a15391 EDI: 00000202 EBP: e7e03d70 ESP: e7e03d60
[ 6349.953670]  DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8 GS: 0033 SS: 0068
[ 6349.953672] Process mount (pid: 8379, ti=e7e02000 task=f66bed30
task.ti=e7e02000)
[ 6349.953674] Stack:
[ 6349.953675]  eea9cae8 02b50001 f446f400 f446f400 e7e03d8c f8a15391 f8f01609
00000002
[ 6349.953679]  00032609 02b50001 0000000a e7e03dbc f8f01609 00020000 00000000
f47ce1c0
[ 6349.953683]  f446f400 f446f400 0000000c f446f400 f446f400 e4866bf0 f446f400
e7e03e98
[ 6349.953687] Call Trace:
[ 6349.953691]  [<f8a15391>] repl_kfree+0x51/0xa0 [kedr_fsim_cmm]
[ 6349.953709]  [<f8f01609>] ext4_mb_init+0x2a9/0x4b0 [ext4]
[ 6349.953716]  [<f8ef1b22>] ext4_fill_super+0x2602/0x2ae0 [ext4]
[ 6349.953726]  [<c02fd920>] mount_bdev+0x170/0x1b0
[ 6349.953732]  [<f8ee706a>] ext4_mount+0x1a/0x20 [ext4]
[ 6349.953741]  [<c02fd0f0>] vfs_kern_mount+0x70/0x230
[ 6349.953753]  [<c02fd309>] do_kern_mount+0x39/0xd0
[ 6349.953755]  [<c0314d72>] do_mount+0x432/0x6c0
[ 6349.953768]  [<c0315326>] sys_mount+0x66/0xa0
[ 6349.953771]  [<c0202ddc>] sysenter_do_call+0x12/0x28
[ 6349.953772] Code: 7d fc 85 c9 75 73 83 fb 10 76 61 9c 58 8d 74 26 00 89 c7
fa 90 8d 74 26 00 8d 83 00 00 00 40 c1 e8 0c c1 e0 05 03 05 64 ff 86 c0 <8b> 10
80 e6 80 0f 85 8b 00 00 00 8b 10 80 e6 80 75 7c 8b 10 81
[ 6349.953796] EIP: [<c02f1273>] kfree+0x43/0xf0 SS:ESP 0068:e7e03d60
[ 6349.953799] CR2: 00000000f7853a00
[ 6349.953801] ---[ end trace 8e09ff66f4f48163 ]---

--------------------------------------------------

If I understand correctly what happens in ext4_mb_init_backend(), zeroing sbi->s_group_info on allocation could fix the problem:
fs/ext4/mballoc.c:2389:
- sbi->s_group_info = kmalloc(array_size, GFP_KERNEL);
+ sbi->s_group_info = kzalloc(array_size, GFP_KERNEL);

This issue was detected with the help of KEDR framework
(http://kedr.berlios.de/). repl_kfree() that can be seen in the call stack above is a thin wrapper around kfree() that simply output its argument to a trace.

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Signature · 6 lines
Regards
dave
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#2 lore raw

[Bug 30872] Calling kfree() for uninitialized pointer in ext4_mb_init_backend()

In reply to [email protected]

https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=30872

--- Comment #1 from Dave Young <[email protected]> 2011-03-14 10:08:20 ---

Quoted 34 lines · On Thu, Mar 10, 2011 at 10:21 PM, <[email protected]> wrote:

https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=30872

          Summary: Calling kfree() for uninitialized pointer in ext4_mb_init_backend()
          Product: File System
          Version: 2.5
   Kernel Version: 2.6.38-rc5 (ext4 subsystem tree)
         Platform: All
       OS/Version: Linux
             Tree: Mainline
           Status: NEW
         Severity: normal
         Priority: P1
        Component: ext4
       AssignedTo: [email protected]
       ReportedBy: [email protected]
       Regression: No

Tested on ext4 module from git tree
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4.git,
tip: b616844310a6c8a4ab405d3436bbb6e53cfd852f

Arch: x86

At fs/ext4/mballoc.c:2389, memory is allocated for sbi->s_group_info array. The elements of this array (pointers themselves) seem to be initialized when ext4_mb_add_groupinfo() is called (line 2408).

If ext4_mb_add_groupinfo() fails for some reason (e.g. if memory allocation at line 2296 fails), ext4_mb_init_backend() tries to call kfree() for each element in sbi->s_group_info array, including the ones that have not been initialized yet:

Quoted 7 lines

fs/ext4/mballoc.c:2414:
err_freebuddy:
   cachep = get_groupinfo_cache(sb->s_blocksize_bits); while (i-- > 0)
       kmem_cache_free(cachep, ext4_get_group_info(sb, i)); i = num_meta_group_infos;
   while (i-- > 0)

literally understand, should be
while (--i >= 0)

Could you try with above?

Quoted 86 lines

       kfree(sbi->s_group_info[i]); /* <= oops here */ iput(sbi->s_buddy_cache);

'num_meta_group_infos' seems to be the total number of the elements that should have been created.

The problem showed up when I ran tests for ext4 from Linux Test Project (ext4-alloc-test, test #7, to be exact).

'num_meta_group_infos' was 12 on my system. The first 2 calls to ext4_mb_add_groupinfo() (ln 2408) succeeded but the 3rd one failed. kfree(sbi->s_group_info[11]) resulted in a kernel oops:

--------------------------------------------------

[ 6349.953315] EXT4-fs: can't allocate buddy mem
[ 6349.953587] BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at f7853a00
[ 6349.953591] IP: [<c02f1273>] kfree+0x43/0xf0
[ 6349.953613] *pde = 00000000
[ 6349.953615] Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP
[ 6349.953617] last sysfs file:
/sys/devices/virtual/block/loop1/queue/rotational
[ 6349.953623] Modules linked in: ext4 jbd2 crc16 kedr_controller

kedr_fsim_indicator_kmalloc kedr_fsim_indicator_common kedr_fsim_vmm kedr_fsim_mem_util kedr_fsim_cmm kedr_fault_simulation kedr_trace kedr_base fuse snd_pcm_oss snd_mixer_oss snd_seq snd_seq_device edd af_packet mperf loop dm_mod ppdev snd_intel8x0 snd_ac97_codec ac97_bus snd_pcm parport_pc snd_timer parport snd sr_mod cdrom ac e1000 sg i2c_piix4 soundcore snd_page_alloc button pcspkr ohci_hcd ehci_hcd rtc_cmos rtc_core rtc_lib usbcore sd_mod fan processor ata_generic ata_piix thermal thermal_sys hwmon ahci libahci libata scsi_mod [last unloaded: kedr_base]

[ 6349.953655]
[ 6349.953657] Pid: 8379, comm: mount Not tainted 2.6.38-rc5-testbox-ext4+ #1
innotek GmbH VirtualBox
[ 6349.953664] EIP: 0060:[<c02f1273>] EFLAGS: 00010086 CPU: 0
[ 6349.953666] EIP is at kfree+0x43/0xf0
[ 6349.953667] EAX: f7853a00 EBX: 02b50001 ECX: 00000000 EDX: 000000bb
[ 6349.953669] ESI: f8a15391 EDI: 00000202 EBP: e7e03d70 ESP: e7e03d60
[ 6349.953670]  DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8 GS: 0033 SS: 0068
[ 6349.953672] Process mount (pid: 8379, ti=e7e02000 task=f66bed30
task.ti=e7e02000)
[ 6349.953674] Stack:
[ 6349.953675]  eea9cae8 02b50001 f446f400 f446f400 e7e03d8c f8a15391 f8f01609
00000002
[ 6349.953679]  00032609 02b50001 0000000a e7e03dbc f8f01609 00020000 00000000
f47ce1c0
[ 6349.953683]  f446f400 f446f400 0000000c f446f400 f446f400 e4866bf0 f446f400
e7e03e98
[ 6349.953687] Call Trace:
[ 6349.953691]  [<f8a15391>] repl_kfree+0x51/0xa0 [kedr_fsim_cmm]
[ 6349.953709]  [<f8f01609>] ext4_mb_init+0x2a9/0x4b0 [ext4]
[ 6349.953716]  [<f8ef1b22>] ext4_fill_super+0x2602/0x2ae0 [ext4]
[ 6349.953726]  [<c02fd920>] mount_bdev+0x170/0x1b0
[ 6349.953732]  [<f8ee706a>] ext4_mount+0x1a/0x20 [ext4]
[ 6349.953741]  [<c02fd0f0>] vfs_kern_mount+0x70/0x230
[ 6349.953753]  [<c02fd309>] do_kern_mount+0x39/0xd0
[ 6349.953755]  [<c0314d72>] do_mount+0x432/0x6c0
[ 6349.953768]  [<c0315326>] sys_mount+0x66/0xa0
[ 6349.953771]  [<c0202ddc>] sysenter_do_call+0x12/0x28
[ 6349.953772] Code: 7d fc 85 c9 75 73 83 fb 10 76 61 9c 58 8d 74 26 00 89 c7
fa 90 8d 74 26 00 8d 83 00 00 00 40 c1 e8 0c c1 e0 05 03 05 64 ff 86 c0 <8b> 10
80 e6 80 0f 85 8b 00 00 00 8b 10 80 e6 80 75 7c 8b 10 81
[ 6349.953796] EIP: [<c02f1273>] kfree+0x43/0xf0 SS:ESP 0068:e7e03d60
[ 6349.953799] CR2: 00000000f7853a00
[ 6349.953801] ---[ end trace 8e09ff66f4f48163 ]---

--------------------------------------------------

If I understand correctly what happens in ext4_mb_init_backend(), zeroing sbi->s_group_info on allocation could fix the problem:
fs/ext4/mballoc.c:2389:
- sbi->s_group_info = kmalloc(array_size, GFP_KERNEL);
+ sbi->s_group_info = kzalloc(array_size, GFP_KERNEL);

This issue was detected with the help of KEDR framework
(http://kedr.berlios.de/). repl_kfree() that can be seen in the call stack above is a thin wrapper around kfree() that simply output its argument to a trace.

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Signature · 6 lines
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#3 lore raw

[Bug 30872] Calling kfree() for uninitialized pointer in ext4_mb_init_backend()

In reply to [email protected]

https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=30872

Eric Sandeen <[email protected]> changed:

What |Removed |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
CC| |[email protected]

--- Comment #2 from Eric Sandeen <[email protected]> 2011-03-14 14:23:29 --- (In reply to comment #1)

...

Quoted 13 lines
Quoted 5 lines

If ext4_mb_add_groupinfo() fails for some reason (e.g. if memory allocation at line 2296 fails), ext4_mb_init_backend() tries to call kfree() for each element in sbi->s_group_info array, including the ones that have not been initialized yet:

Quoted 7 lines

fs/ext4/mballoc.c:2414:
err_freebuddy:
   cachep = get_groupinfo_cache(sb->s_blocksize_bits); while (i-- > 0)
       kmem_cache_free(cachep, ext4_get_group_info(sb, i)); i = num_meta_group_infos;
   while (i-- > 0)

Quoted 4 lines

literally understand, should be
while (--i >= 0)

Could you try with above?

Hm, that probably is the most direct fix.

I sent a patch here:
http://marc.info/?l=linux-ext4&m=129979820301087&w=2
which initializes all the pointers to NULL and only frees if they are non-NULL, which may be more foolproof, but might also be overkill.

-Eric

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#4 lore raw

[Bug 30872] Calling kfree() for uninitialized pointer in ext4_mb_init_backend()

In reply to [email protected]

https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=30872

--- Comment #3 from Eugene A. Shatokhin <[email protected]> 2011-03-14 20:08:27 --- (In reply to comment #2)

Quoted 4 lines

I sent a patch here:
http://marc.info/?l=linux-ext4&m=129979820301087&w=2
which initializes all the pointers to NULL and only frees if they are non-NULL, which may be more foolproof, but might also be overkill.

As far as I can see, it is not overkill.

On the system where I observed the problem, 'i' began from 12 ('num_meta_group_infos' was 12, the total number of groups to be initialized). But only the first two elements of the sbi->s_group_info array were actually initialized. So without setting the remaining pointers to NULL,

    while (--i >= 0)
        kfree(sbi->s_group_info[i]);

would still result in an oops when it attempted to kfree() sbi->s_group_info[11].

Apart from that, checking if the pointer is not NULL before kfree() could probably be omitted in the patch as kfree(NULL) is a no-op anyway. But still, it is a matter of coding style and personal preference.

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#5 lore raw

[Bug 30872] Calling kfree() for uninitialized pointer in ext4_mb_init_backend()

In reply to [email protected]

https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=30872

Florian Mickler <[email protected]> changed:

What |Removed |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
CC| |[email protected]

--- Comment #4 from Florian Mickler <[email protected]> 2011-03-29 00:08:04 --- A patch referencing this bug report has been merged in v2.6.38-8876-g036a982:

commit 4596fe07679ff0fae904515691ea747467614871

Author: Eric Sandeen <[email protected]>
Date:   Mon Mar 21 21:25:13 2011 -0400

ext4: don't kfree uninitialized s_group_info members

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#6 lore raw

[Bug 30872] Calling kfree() for uninitialized pointer in ext4_mb_init_backend()

In reply to [email protected]

https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=30872

Theodore Tso <[email protected]> changed:

What |Removed |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

             Status|NEW                         |RESOLVED
                 CC|                            |[email protected]
         Resolution|                            |CODE_FIX
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