Remove more index compatibility macros

index 38ea6ad6ca2..8c7e6b0e6a2 100644
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-#define USE_THE_INDEX_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 

@@ -6,18 +5,19 @@ static const char *pgm;
 static int one_shot, quiet;
 static int err;
 
-static int merge_entry(int pos, const char *path)
+static int merge_entry(struct index_state *istate,
+		       int pos, const char *path)
 {
 	int found;
 	const char *arguments[] = { pgm, "", "", "", path, "", "", "", NULL };
 	char hexbuf[4][GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1];
 	char ownbuf[4][60];
 
-	if (pos >= active_nr)
+	if (pos >= istate->cache_nr)
 		die("git merge-index: %s not in the cache", path);
 	found = 0;
 	do {
-		const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
+		const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos];
 		int stage = ce_stage(ce);
 
 		if (strcmp(ce->name, path))

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ static int merge_entry(int pos, const char *path)
 		xsnprintf(ownbuf[stage], sizeof(ownbuf[stage]), "%o", ce->ce_mode);
 		arguments[stage] = hexbuf[stage];
 		arguments[stage + 4] = ownbuf[stage];
-	} while (++pos < active_nr);
+	} while (++pos < istate->cache_nr);
 	if (!found)
 		die("git merge-index: %s not in the cache", path);
 

@@ -43,32 +43,34 @@ static int merge_entry(int pos, const char *path)
 	return found;
 }
 
-static void merge_one_path(const char *path)
+static void merge_one_path(struct index_state *istate,
+			   const char *path)
 {
-	int pos = cache_name_pos(path, strlen(path));
+	int pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, strlen(path));
 
 	/*
 	 * If it already exists in the cache as stage0, it's
 	 * already merged and there is nothing to do.
 	 */
 	if (pos < 0)
-		merge_entry(-pos-1, path);
+		merge_entry(istate, -pos - 1, path);
 }
 
-static void merge_all(void)
+static void merge_all(struct index_state *istate)
 {
 	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
-		const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
+		const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
 		if (!ce_stage(ce))
 			continue;
-		i += merge_entry(i, ce->name)-1;
+		i += merge_entry(istate, i, ce->name)-1;
 	}
 }
 
 int cmd_merge_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i, force_file = 0;
+	struct index_state *istate;
 
 	/* Without this we cannot rely on waitpid() to tell
 	 * what happened to our children.

@@ -78,7 +80,8 @@ int cmd_merge_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (argc < 3)
 		usage("git merge-index [-o] [-q] <merge-program> (-a | [--] [<filename>...])");
 
-	read_cache();
+	repo_read_index(the_repository);
+	istate = the_repository->index;
 
 	i = 1;
 	if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-o")) {

@@ -98,12 +101,12 @@ int cmd_merge_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "-a")) {
-				merge_all();
+				merge_all(istate);
 				continue;
 			}
 			die("git merge-index: unknown option %s", arg);
 		}
-		merge_one_path(arg);
+		merge_one_path(istate, arg);
 	}
 	if (err && !quiet)
 		die("merge program failed");

index 7dac714af90..0055d49a8a7 100644
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2006 Johannes Schindelin
  */
-#define USE_THE_INDEX_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "config.h"
 #include "pathspec.h"

@@ -75,13 +74,14 @@ static const char *add_slash(const char *path)
 
 #define SUBMODULE_WITH_GITDIR ((const char *)1)
 
-static void prepare_move_submodule(const char *src, int first,
+static void prepare_move_submodule(struct index_state *istate,
+				   const char *src, int first,
 				   const char **submodule_gitfile)
 {
 	struct strbuf submodule_dotgit = STRBUF_INIT;
-	if (!S_ISGITLINK(active_cache[first]->ce_mode))
+	if (!S_ISGITLINK(istate->cache[first]->ce_mode))
 		die(_("Directory %s is in index and no submodule?"), src);
-	if (!is_staging_gitmodules_ok(&the_index))
+	if (!is_staging_gitmodules_ok(istate))
 		die(_("Please stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"));
 	strbuf_addf(&submodule_dotgit, "%s/.git", src);
 	*submodule_gitfile = read_gitfile(submodule_dotgit.buf);

@@ -92,19 +92,20 @@ static void prepare_move_submodule(const char *src, int first,
 	strbuf_release(&submodule_dotgit);
 }
 
-static int index_range_of_same_dir(const char *src, int length,
+static int index_range_of_same_dir(struct index_state *istate,
+				   const char *src, int length,
 				   int *first_p, int *last_p)
 {
 	const char *src_w_slash = add_slash(src);
 	int first, last, len_w_slash = length + 1;
 
-	first = cache_name_pos(src_w_slash, len_w_slash);
+	first = index_name_pos(istate, src_w_slash, len_w_slash);
 	if (first >= 0)
 		die(_("%.*s is in index"), len_w_slash, src_w_slash);
 
 	first = -1 - first;
-	for (last = first; last < active_nr; last++) {
-		const char *path = active_cache[last]->name;
+	for (last = first; last < istate->cache_nr; last++) {
+		const char *path = istate->cache[last]->name;
 		if (strncmp(path, src_w_slash, len_w_slash))
 			break;
 	}

@@ -133,6 +134,7 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct string_list src_for_dst = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 	struct lock_file lock_file = LOCK_INIT;
 	struct cache_entry *ce;
+	struct index_state *istate;
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 

@@ -141,9 +143,10 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (--argc < 1)
 		usage_with_options(builtin_mv_usage, builtin_mv_options);
 
-	hold_locked_index(&lock_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
-	if (read_cache() < 0)
+	repo_hold_locked_index(the_repository, &lock_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+	if (repo_read_index(the_repository) < 0)
 		die(_("index file corrupt"));
+	istate = the_repository->index;
 
 	source = internal_prefix_pathspec(prefix, argv, argc, 0);
 	modes = xcalloc(argc, sizeof(enum update_mode));

@@ -190,12 +193,13 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				&& lstat(dst, &st) == 0)
 			bad = _("cannot move directory over file");
 		else if (src_is_dir) {
-			int first = cache_name_pos(src, length), last;
+			int first = index_name_pos(istate, src, length);
+			int last;
 
 			if (first >= 0)
-				prepare_move_submodule(src, first,
+				prepare_move_submodule(istate, src, first,
 						       submodule_gitfile + i);
-			else if (index_range_of_same_dir(src, length,
+			else if (index_range_of_same_dir(istate, src, length,
 							 &first, &last) < 1)
 				bad = _("source directory is empty");
 			else { /* last - first >= 1 */

@@ -212,7 +216,7 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				dst_len = strlen(dst);
 
 				for (j = 0; j < last - first; j++) {
-					const char *path = active_cache[first + j]->name;
+					const char *path = istate->cache[first + j]->name;
 					source[argc + j] = path;
 					destination[argc + j] =
 						prefix_path(dst, dst_len, path + length + 1);

@@ -221,7 +225,7 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				}
 				argc += last - first;
 			}
-		} else if (!(ce = cache_file_exists(src, length, ignore_case))) {
+		} else if (!(ce = index_file_exists(istate, src, length, ignore_case))) {
 			bad = _("not under version control");
 		} else if (ce_stage(ce)) {
 			bad = _("conflicted");

@@ -291,15 +295,15 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (mode == WORKING_DIRECTORY)
 			continue;
 
-		pos = cache_name_pos(src, strlen(src));
+		pos = index_name_pos(istate, src, strlen(src));
 		assert(pos >= 0);
-		rename_cache_entry_at(pos, dst);
+		rename_index_entry_at(istate, pos, dst);
 	}
 
 	if (gitmodules_modified)
-		stage_updated_gitmodules(&the_index);
+		stage_updated_gitmodules(istate);
 
-	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock_file,
+	if (write_locked_index(istate, &lock_file,
 			       COMMIT_LOCK | SKIP_IF_UNCHANGED))
 		die(_("Unable to write new index file"));
 

index 71097657489..7bfb8195d97 100644
@@ -409,7 +409,6 @@ extern struct index_state the_index;
 #define unmerged_cache() unmerged_index(&the_index)
 #define cache_name_pos(name, namelen) index_name_pos(&the_index,(name),(namelen))
 #define add_cache_entry(ce, option) add_index_entry(&the_index, (ce), (option))
-#define rename_cache_entry_at(pos, new_name) rename_index_entry_at(&the_index, (pos), (new_name))
 #define remove_cache_entry_at(pos) remove_index_entry_at(&the_index, (pos))
 #define remove_file_from_cache(path) remove_file_from_index(&the_index, (path))
 #define add_to_cache(path, st, flags) add_to_index(&the_index, (path), (st), (flags))

@@ -420,7 +419,6 @@ extern struct index_state the_index;
 #define ce_match_stat(ce, st, options) ie_match_stat(&the_index, (ce), (st), (options))
 #define ce_modified(ce, st, options) ie_modified(&the_index, (ce), (st), (options))
 #define cache_dir_exists(name, namelen) index_dir_exists(&the_index, (name), (namelen))
-#define cache_file_exists(name, namelen, igncase) index_file_exists(&the_index, (name), (namelen), (igncase))
 #define cache_name_is_other(name, namelen) index_name_is_other(&the_index, (name), (namelen))
 #define resolve_undo_clear() resolve_undo_clear_index(&the_index)
 #define unmerge_cache_entry_at(at) unmerge_index_entry_at(&the_index, at)

index 4858631e0f0..767df8d6b25 100644
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds 2006
  */
-#define USE_THE_INDEX_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "config.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"

@@ -28,12 +27,14 @@ static struct {
 	} *entry;
 } list;
 
-static int get_ours_cache_pos(const char *path, int pos)
+static int get_ours_cache_pos(struct index_state *istate,
+			      const char *path, int pos)
 {
 	int i = -pos - 1;
 
-	while ((i < active_nr) && !strcmp(active_cache[i]->name, path)) {
-		if (ce_stage(active_cache[i]) == 2)
+	while ((i < istate->cache_nr) &&
+	       !strcmp(istate->cache[i]->name, path)) {
+		if (ce_stage(istate->cache[i]) == 2)
 			return i;
 		i++;
 	}

@@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ static void print_error_files(struct string_list *files_list,
 	}
 }
 
-static void submodules_absorb_gitdir_if_needed(void)
+static void submodules_absorb_gitdir_if_needed(struct index_state *istate)
 {
 	int i;
 	for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++) {

@@ -69,13 +70,13 @@ static void submodules_absorb_gitdir_if_needed(void)
 		int pos;
 		const struct cache_entry *ce;
 
-		pos = cache_name_pos(name, strlen(name));
+		pos = index_name_pos(istate, name, strlen(name));
 		if (pos < 0) {
-			pos = get_ours_cache_pos(name, pos);
+			pos = get_ours_cache_pos(istate, name, pos);
 			if (pos < 0)
 				continue;
 		}
-		ce = active_cache[pos];
+		ce = istate->cache[pos];
 
 		if (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode) ||
 		    !file_exists(ce->name) ||

@@ -88,7 +89,8 @@ static void submodules_absorb_gitdir_if_needed(void)
 	}
 }
 
-static int check_local_mod(struct object_id *head, int index_only)
+static int check_local_mod(struct index_state *istate,
+			   struct object_id *head, int index_only)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Items in list are already sorted in the cache order,

@@ -114,21 +116,21 @@ static int check_local_mod(struct object_id *head, int index_only)
 		int local_changes = 0;
 		int staged_changes = 0;
 
-		pos = cache_name_pos(name, strlen(name));
+		pos = index_name_pos(istate, name, strlen(name));
 		if (pos < 0) {
 			/*
 			 * Skip unmerged entries except for populated submodules
 			 * that could lose history when removed.
 			 */
-			pos = get_ours_cache_pos(name, pos);
+			pos = get_ours_cache_pos(istate, name, pos);
 			if (pos < 0)
 				continue;
 
-			if (!S_ISGITLINK(active_cache[pos]->ce_mode) ||
+			if (!S_ISGITLINK(istate->cache[pos]->ce_mode) ||
 			    is_empty_dir(name))
 				continue;
 		}
-		ce = active_cache[pos];
+		ce = istate->cache[pos];
 
 		if (lstat(ce->name, &st) < 0) {
 			if (!is_missing_file_error(errno))

@@ -165,7 +167,7 @@ static int check_local_mod(struct object_id *head, int index_only)
 		 * Is the index different from the file in the work tree?
 		 * If it's a submodule, is its work tree modified?
 		 */
-		if (ce_match_stat(ce, &st, 0) ||
+		if (ie_match_stat(istate, ce, &st, 0) ||
 		    (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode) &&
 		     bad_to_remove_submodule(ce->name,
 				SUBMODULE_REMOVAL_DIE_ON_ERROR |

@@ -257,6 +259,7 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int i;
 	struct pathspec pathspec;
 	char *seen;
+	struct index_state *istate;
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 

@@ -284,24 +287,25 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (!index_only)
 		setup_work_tree();
 
-	hold_locked_index(&lock_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+	repo_hold_locked_index(the_repository, &lock_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 
-	if (read_cache() < 0)
+	if (repo_read_index(the_repository) < 0)
 		die(_("index file corrupt"));
 
-	refresh_index(&the_index, REFRESH_QUIET|REFRESH_UNMERGED, &pathspec, NULL, NULL);
+	istate = the_repository->index;
+	refresh_index(istate, REFRESH_QUIET|REFRESH_UNMERGED, &pathspec, NULL, NULL);
 
 	seen = xcalloc(pathspec.nr, 1);
 
-	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
-		const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
-		if (!ce_path_match(&the_index, ce, &pathspec, seen))
+	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
+		const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
+		if (!ce_path_match(istate, ce, &pathspec, seen))
 			continue;
 		ALLOC_GROW(list.entry, list.nr + 1, list.alloc);
 		list.entry[list.nr].name = xstrdup(ce->name);
 		list.entry[list.nr].is_submodule = S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode);
 		if (list.entry[list.nr++].is_submodule &&
-		    !is_staging_gitmodules_ok(&the_index))
+		    !is_staging_gitmodules_ok(istate))
 			die(_("please stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"));
 	}
 

@@ -329,7 +333,7 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	if (!index_only)
-		submodules_absorb_gitdir_if_needed();
+		submodules_absorb_gitdir_if_needed(istate);
 
 	/*
 	 * If not forced, the file, the index and the HEAD (if exists)

@@ -345,7 +349,7 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		struct object_id oid;
 		if (get_oid("HEAD", &oid))
 			oidclr(&oid);
-		if (check_local_mod(&oid, index_only))
+		if (check_local_mod(istate, &oid, index_only))
 			exit(1);
 	}
 

@@ -358,7 +362,7 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (!quiet)
 			printf("rm '%s'\n", path);
 
-		if (remove_file_from_cache(path))
+		if (remove_file_from_index(istate, path))
 			die(_("git rm: unable to remove %s"), path);
 	}
 

@@ -398,10 +402,10 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		}
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
 		if (gitmodules_modified)
-			stage_updated_gitmodules(&the_index);
+			stage_updated_gitmodules(istate);
 	}
 
-	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock_file,
+	if (write_locked_index(istate, &lock_file,
 			       COMMIT_LOCK | SKIP_IF_UNCHANGED))
 		die(_("Unable to write new index file"));
 

index 79087bccea4..c9a6cde97da 100644
@@ -40,6 +40,9 @@ static int ignore_skip_worktree_entries;
 #define UNMARK_FLAG 2
 static struct strbuf mtime_dir = STRBUF_INIT;
 
+static struct repository *repo;
+static struct index_state *istate;
+
 /* Untracked cache mode */
 enum uc_mode {
 	UC_UNSPECIFIED = -1,

@@ -232,13 +235,13 @@ static int mark_ce_flags(const char *path, int flag, int mark)
 	int namelen = strlen(path);
 	int pos = cache_name_pos(path, namelen);
 	if (0 <= pos) {
-		mark_fsmonitor_invalid(&the_index, active_cache[pos]);
+		mark_fsmonitor_invalid(istate, active_cache[pos]);
 		if (mark)
 			active_cache[pos]->ce_flags |= flag;
 		else
 			active_cache[pos]->ce_flags &= ~flag;
 		active_cache[pos]->ce_flags |= CE_UPDATE_IN_BASE;
-		cache_tree_invalidate_path(&the_index, path);
+		cache_tree_invalidate_path(istate, path);
 		active_cache_changed |= CE_ENTRY_CHANGED;
 		return 0;
 	}

@@ -277,14 +280,14 @@ static int add_one_path(const struct cache_entry *old, const char *path, int len
 	if (old && !ce_stage(old) && !ce_match_stat(old, st, 0))
 		return 0;
 
-	ce = make_empty_cache_entry(&the_index, len);
+	ce = make_empty_cache_entry(istate, len);
 	memcpy(ce->name, path, len);
 	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(0);
 	ce->ce_namelen = len;
-	fill_stat_cache_info(&the_index, ce, st);
+	fill_stat_cache_info(istate, ce, st);
 	ce->ce_mode = ce_mode_from_stat(old, st->st_mode);
 
-	if (index_path(&the_index, &ce->oid, path, st,
+	if (index_path(istate, &ce->oid, path, st,
 		       info_only ? 0 : HASH_WRITE_OBJECT)) {
 		discard_cache_entry(ce);
 		return -1;

@@ -411,7 +414,7 @@ static int add_cacheinfo(unsigned int mode, const struct object_id *oid,
 		return error("Invalid path '%s'", path);
 
 	len = strlen(path);
-	ce = make_empty_cache_entry(&the_index, len);
+	ce = make_empty_cache_entry(istate, len);
 
 	oidcpy(&ce->oid, oid);
 	memcpy(ce->name, path, len);

@@ -603,7 +606,7 @@ static struct cache_entry *read_one_ent(const char *which,
 	struct object_id oid;
 	struct cache_entry *ce;
 
-	if (get_tree_entry(the_repository, ent, path, &oid, &mode)) {
+	if (get_tree_entry(repo, ent, path, &oid, &mode)) {
 		if (which)
 			error("%s: not in %s branch.", path, which);
 		return NULL;

@@ -613,7 +616,7 @@ static struct cache_entry *read_one_ent(const char *which,
 			error("%s: not a blob in %s branch.", path, which);
 		return NULL;
 	}
-	ce = make_empty_cache_entry(&the_index, namelen);
+	ce = make_empty_cache_entry(istate, namelen);
 
 	oidcpy(&ce->oid, &oid);
 	memcpy(ce->name, path, namelen);

@@ -751,7 +754,7 @@ static int do_reupdate(int ac, const char **av,
 		int save_nr;
 		char *path;
 
-		if (ce_stage(ce) || !ce_path_match(&the_index, ce, &pathspec, NULL))
+		if (ce_stage(ce) || !ce_path_match(istate, ce, &pathspec, NULL))
 			continue;
 		if (has_head)
 			old = read_one_ent(NULL, &head_oid,

@@ -968,7 +971,6 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct parse_opt_ctx_t ctx;
 	strbuf_getline_fn getline_fn;
 	int parseopt_state = PARSE_OPT_UNKNOWN;
-	struct repository *r = the_repository;
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_BIT('q', NULL, &refresh_args.flags,
 			N_("continue refresh even when index needs update"),

@@ -1077,16 +1079,19 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
+	repo = the_repository;
+
 	/* we will diagnose later if it turns out that we need to update it */
-	newfd = hold_locked_index(&lock_file, 0);
+	newfd = repo_hold_locked_index(repo, &lock_file, 0);
 	if (newfd < 0)
 		lock_error = errno;
 
-	entries = read_cache();
+	entries = repo_read_index(repo);
 	if (entries < 0)
 		die("cache corrupted");
 
-	the_index.updated_skipworktree = 1;
+	istate = repo->index;
+	istate->updated_skipworktree = 1;
 
 	/*
 	 * Custom copy of parse_options() because we want to handle

@@ -1140,9 +1145,9 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			    preferred_index_format,
 			    INDEX_FORMAT_LB, INDEX_FORMAT_UB);
 
-		if (the_index.version != preferred_index_format)
+		if (istate->version != preferred_index_format)
 			active_cache_changed |= SOMETHING_CHANGED;
-		the_index.version = preferred_index_format;
+		istate->version = preferred_index_format;
 	}
 
 	if (read_from_stdin) {

@@ -1173,28 +1178,28 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			warning(_("core.splitIndex is set to false; "
 				  "remove or change it, if you really want to "
 				  "enable split index"));
-		if (the_index.split_index)
-			the_index.cache_changed |= SPLIT_INDEX_ORDERED;
+		if (istate->split_index)
+			istate->cache_changed |= SPLIT_INDEX_ORDERED;
 		else
-			add_split_index(&the_index);
+			add_split_index(istate);
 	} else if (!split_index) {
 		if (git_config_get_split_index() == 1)
 			warning(_("core.splitIndex is set to true; "
 				  "remove or change it, if you really want to "
 				  "disable split index"));
-		remove_split_index(&the_index);
+		remove_split_index(istate);
 	}
 
-	prepare_repo_settings(r);
+	prepare_repo_settings(repo);
 	switch (untracked_cache) {
 	case UC_UNSPECIFIED:
 		break;
 	case UC_DISABLE:
-		if (r->settings.core_untracked_cache == UNTRACKED_CACHE_WRITE)
+		if (repo->settings.core_untracked_cache == UNTRACKED_CACHE_WRITE)
 			warning(_("core.untrackedCache is set to true; "
 				  "remove or change it, if you really want to "
 				  "disable the untracked cache"));
-		remove_untracked_cache(&the_index);
+		remove_untracked_cache(istate);
 		report(_("Untracked cache disabled"));
 		break;
 	case UC_TEST:

@@ -1202,11 +1207,11 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		return !test_if_untracked_cache_is_supported();
 	case UC_ENABLE:
 	case UC_FORCE:
-		if (r->settings.core_untracked_cache == UNTRACKED_CACHE_REMOVE)
+		if (repo->settings.core_untracked_cache == UNTRACKED_CACHE_REMOVE)
 			warning(_("core.untrackedCache is set to false; "
 				  "remove or change it, if you really want to "
 				  "enable the untracked cache"));
-		add_untracked_cache(&the_index);
+		add_untracked_cache(istate);
 		report(_("Untracked cache enabled for '%s'"), get_git_work_tree());
 		break;
 	default:

@@ -1218,14 +1223,14 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			warning(_("core.fsmonitor is unset; "
 				"set it if you really want to "
 				"enable fsmonitor"));
-		add_fsmonitor(&the_index);
+		add_fsmonitor(istate);
 		report(_("fsmonitor enabled"));
 	} else if (!fsmonitor) {
 		if (git_config_get_fsmonitor() == 1)
 			warning(_("core.fsmonitor is set; "
 				"remove it if you really want to "
 				"disable fsmonitor"));
-		remove_fsmonitor(&the_index);
+		remove_fsmonitor(istate);
 		report(_("fsmonitor disabled"));
 	}
 

@@ -1235,7 +1240,7 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				exit(128);
 			unable_to_lock_die(get_index_file(), lock_error);
 		}
-		if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK))
+		if (write_locked_index(istate, &lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK))
 			die("Unable to write new index file");
 	}
 

index c9a6cde97da..0616c786410 100644
@@ -235,12 +235,12 @@ static int mark_ce_flags(const char *path, int flag, int mark)
 	int namelen = strlen(path);
 	int pos = cache_name_pos(path, namelen);
 	if (0 <= pos) {
-		mark_fsmonitor_invalid(istate, active_cache[pos]);
+		mark_fsmonitor_invalid(istate, istate->cache[pos]);
 		if (mark)
-			active_cache[pos]->ce_flags |= flag;
+			istate->cache[pos]->ce_flags |= flag;
 		else
-			active_cache[pos]->ce_flags &= ~flag;
-		active_cache[pos]->ce_flags |= CE_UPDATE_IN_BASE;
+			istate->cache[pos]->ce_flags &= ~flag;
+		istate->cache[pos]->ce_flags |= CE_UPDATE_IN_BASE;
 		cache_tree_invalidate_path(istate, path);
 		active_cache_changed |= CE_ENTRY_CHANGED;
 		return 0;

@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ static int process_directory(const char *path, int len, struct stat *st)
 
 	/* Exact match: file or existing gitlink */
 	if (pos >= 0) {
-		const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
+		const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos];
 		if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode)) {
 
 			/* Do nothing to the index if there is no HEAD! */

@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ static int process_directory(const char *path, int len, struct stat *st)
 	/* Inexact match: is there perhaps a subdirectory match? */
 	pos = -pos-1;
 	while (pos < active_nr) {
-		const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos++];
+		const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos++];
 
 		if (strncmp(ce->name, path, len))
 			break;

@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@ static int process_path(const char *path, struct stat *st, int stat_errno)
 		return error("'%s' is beyond a symbolic link", path);
 
 	pos = cache_name_pos(path, len);
-	ce = pos < 0 ? NULL : active_cache[pos];
+	ce = pos < 0 ? NULL : istate->cache[pos];
 	if (ce && ce_skip_worktree(ce)) {
 		/*
 		 * working directory version is assumed "good"

@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@ static void chmod_path(char flip, const char *path)
 	pos = cache_name_pos(path, strlen(path));
 	if (pos < 0)
 		goto fail;
-	ce = active_cache[pos];
+	ce = istate->cache[pos];
 	if (chmod_cache_entry(ce, flip) < 0)
 		goto fail;
 

@@ -639,7 +639,7 @@ static int unresolve_one(const char *path)
 		/* already merged */
 		pos = unmerge_cache_entry_at(pos);
 		if (pos < active_nr) {
-			const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
+			const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos];
 			if (ce_stage(ce) &&
 			    ce_namelen(ce) == namelen &&
 			    !memcmp(ce->name, path, namelen))

@@ -653,7 +653,7 @@ static int unresolve_one(const char *path)
 		 */
 		pos = -pos-1;
 		if (pos < active_nr) {
-			const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
+			const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos];
 			if (ce_namelen(ce) == namelen &&
 			    !memcmp(ce->name, path, namelen)) {
 				fprintf(stderr,

@@ -749,7 +749,7 @@ static int do_reupdate(int ac, const char **av,
 		has_head = 0;
  redo:
 	for (pos = 0; pos < active_nr; pos++) {
-		const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
+		const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos];
 		struct cache_entry *old = NULL;
 		int save_nr;
 		char *path;

index 0616c786410..f1657a66496 100644
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ static int process_directory(const char *path, int len, struct stat *st)
 
 	/* Inexact match: is there perhaps a subdirectory match? */
 	pos = -pos-1;
-	while (pos < active_nr) {
+	while (pos < istate->cache_nr) {
 		const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos++];
 
 		if (strncmp(ce->name, path, len))

@@ -638,7 +638,7 @@ static int unresolve_one(const char *path)
 	if (0 <= pos) {
 		/* already merged */
 		pos = unmerge_cache_entry_at(pos);
-		if (pos < active_nr) {
+		if (pos < istate->cache_nr) {
 			const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos];
 			if (ce_stage(ce) &&
 			    ce_namelen(ce) == namelen &&

@@ -652,7 +652,7 @@ static int unresolve_one(const char *path)
 		 * want to do anything in the former case.
 		 */
 		pos = -pos-1;
-		if (pos < active_nr) {
+		if (pos < istate->cache_nr) {
 			const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos];
 			if (ce_namelen(ce) == namelen &&
 			    !memcmp(ce->name, path, namelen)) {

@@ -748,7 +748,7 @@ static int do_reupdate(int ac, const char **av,
 		 */
 		has_head = 0;
  redo:
-	for (pos = 0; pos < active_nr; pos++) {
+	for (pos = 0; pos < istate->cache_nr; pos++) {
 		const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos];
 		struct cache_entry *old = NULL;
 		int save_nr;

@@ -766,14 +766,14 @@ static int do_reupdate(int ac, const char **av,
 		}
 		/* Be careful.  The working tree may not have the
 		 * path anymore, in which case, under 'allow_remove',
-		 * or worse yet 'allow_replace', active_nr may decrease.
+		 * or worse yet 'allow_replace', istate->cache_nr may decrease.
 		 */
-		save_nr = active_nr;
+		save_nr = istate->cache_nr;
 		path = xstrdup(ce->name);
 		update_one(path);
 		free(path);
 		discard_cache_entry(old);
-		if (save_nr != active_nr)
+		if (save_nr != istate->cache_nr)
 			goto redo;
 	}
 	clear_pathspec(&pathspec);

index f1657a66496..a64f2f5a8f4 100644
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ static int mark_ce_flags(const char *path, int flag, int mark)
 			istate->cache[pos]->ce_flags &= ~flag;
 		istate->cache[pos]->ce_flags |= CE_UPDATE_IN_BASE;
 		cache_tree_invalidate_path(istate, path);
-		active_cache_changed |= CE_ENTRY_CHANGED;
+		istate->cache_changed |= CE_ENTRY_CHANGED;
 		return 0;
 	}
 	return -1;

@@ -926,7 +926,7 @@ static enum parse_opt_result unresolve_callback(
 	*has_errors = do_unresolve(ctx->argc, ctx->argv,
 				prefix, prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0);
 	if (*has_errors)
-		active_cache_changed = 0;
+		istate->cache_changed = 0;
 
 	ctx->argv += ctx->argc - 1;
 	ctx->argc = 1;

@@ -947,7 +947,7 @@ static enum parse_opt_result reupdate_callback(
 	setup_work_tree();
 	*has_errors = do_reupdate(ctx->argc, ctx->argv, prefix);
 	if (*has_errors)
-		active_cache_changed = 0;
+		istate->cache_changed = 0;
 
 	ctx->argv += ctx->argc - 1;
 	ctx->argc = 1;

@@ -1146,7 +1146,7 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			    INDEX_FORMAT_LB, INDEX_FORMAT_UB);
 
 		if (istate->version != preferred_index_format)
-			active_cache_changed |= SOMETHING_CHANGED;
+			istate->cache_changed |= SOMETHING_CHANGED;
 		istate->version = preferred_index_format;
 	}
 

@@ -1234,7 +1234,7 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		report(_("fsmonitor disabled"));
 	}
 
-	if (active_cache_changed || force_write) {
+	if (istate->cache_changed || force_write) {
 		if (newfd < 0) {
 			if (refresh_args.flags & REFRESH_QUIET)
 				exit(128);

index a64f2f5a8f4..9e57779731f 100644
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ static int test_if_untracked_cache_is_supported(void)
 static int mark_ce_flags(const char *path, int flag, int mark)
 {
 	int namelen = strlen(path);
-	int pos = cache_name_pos(path, namelen);
+	int pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, namelen);
 	if (0 <= pos) {
 		mark_fsmonitor_invalid(istate, istate->cache[pos]);
 		if (mark)

@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ static int add_one_path(const struct cache_entry *old, const char *path, int len
 static int process_directory(const char *path, int len, struct stat *st)
 {
 	struct object_id oid;
-	int pos = cache_name_pos(path, len);
+	int pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, len);
 
 	/* Exact match: file or existing gitlink */
 	if (pos >= 0) {

@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ static int process_path(const char *path, struct stat *st, int stat_errno)
 	if (has_symlink_leading_path(path, len))
 		return error("'%s' is beyond a symbolic link", path);
 
-	pos = cache_name_pos(path, len);
+	pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, len);
 	ce = pos < 0 ? NULL : istate->cache[pos];
 	if (ce && ce_skip_worktree(ce)) {
 		/*

@@ -437,7 +437,7 @@ static void chmod_path(char flip, const char *path)
 	int pos;
 	struct cache_entry *ce;
 
-	pos = cache_name_pos(path, strlen(path));
+	pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, strlen(path));
 	if (pos < 0)
 		goto fail;
 	ce = istate->cache[pos];

@@ -634,7 +634,7 @@ static int unresolve_one(const char *path)
 	struct cache_entry *ce_2 = NULL, *ce_3 = NULL;
 
 	/* See if there is such entry in the index. */
-	pos = cache_name_pos(path, namelen);
+	pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, namelen);
 	if (0 <= pos) {
 		/* already merged */
 		pos = unmerge_cache_entry_at(pos);

index 9e57779731f..6f51fb4a14e 100644
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ static int remove_one_path(const char *path)
 {
 	if (!allow_remove)
 		return error("%s: does not exist and --remove not passed", path);
-	if (remove_file_from_cache(path))
+	if (remove_file_from_index(istate, path))
 		return error("%s: cannot remove from the index", path);
 	return 0;
 }

@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ static int process_path(const char *path, struct stat *st, int stat_errno)
 		 * On the other hand, removing it from index should work
 		 */
 		if (!ignore_skip_worktree_entries && allow_remove &&
-		    remove_file_from_cache(path))
+		    remove_file_from_index(istate, path))
 			return error("%s: cannot remove from the index", path);
 		return 0;
 	}

@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ static void update_one(const char *path)
 	}
 
 	if (force_remove) {
-		if (remove_file_from_cache(path))
+		if (remove_file_from_index(istate, path))
 			die("git update-index: unable to remove %s", path);
 		report("remove '%s'", path);
 		return;

@@ -567,7 +567,7 @@ static void read_index_info(int nul_term_line)
 
 		if (!mode) {
 			/* mode == 0 means there is no such path -- remove */
-			if (remove_file_from_cache(path_name))
+			if (remove_file_from_index(istate, path_name))
 				die("git update-index: unable to remove %s",
 				    ptr);
 		}

@@ -682,7 +682,7 @@ static int unresolve_one(const char *path)
 		goto free_return;
 	}
 
-	remove_file_from_cache(path);
+	remove_file_from_index(istate, path);
 	if (add_cache_entry(ce_2, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD)) {
 		error("%s: cannot add our version to the index.", path);
 		ret = -1;

index 6f51fb4a14e..577ae2391b7 100644
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ static int add_one_path(const struct cache_entry *old, const char *path, int len
 	}
 	option = allow_add ? ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD : 0;
 	option |= allow_replace ? ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE : 0;
-	if (add_cache_entry(ce, option)) {
+	if (add_index_entry(istate, ce, option)) {
 		discard_cache_entry(ce);
 		return error("%s: cannot add to the index - missing --add option?", path);
 	}

@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@ static int add_cacheinfo(unsigned int mode, const struct object_id *oid,
 		ce->ce_flags |= CE_VALID;
 	option = allow_add ? ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD : 0;
 	option |= allow_replace ? ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE : 0;
-	if (add_cache_entry(ce, option))
+	if (add_index_entry(istate, ce, option))
 		return error("%s: cannot add to the index - missing --add option?",
 			     path);
 	report("add '%s'", path);

@@ -683,12 +683,12 @@ static int unresolve_one(const char *path)
 	}
 
 	remove_file_from_index(istate, path);
-	if (add_cache_entry(ce_2, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD)) {
+	if (add_index_entry(istate, ce_2, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD)) {
 		error("%s: cannot add our version to the index.", path);
 		ret = -1;
 		goto free_return;
 	}
-	if (!add_cache_entry(ce_3, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD))
+	if (!add_index_entry(istate, ce_3, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD))
 		return 0;
 	error("%s: cannot add their version to the index.", path);
 	ret = -1;

index 577ae2391b7..4da0c169dc7 100644
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ static void chmod_path(char flip, const char *path)
 	if (pos < 0)
 		goto fail;
 	ce = istate->cache[pos];
-	if (chmod_cache_entry(ce, flip) < 0)
+	if (chmod_index_entry(istate, ce, flip) < 0)
 		goto fail;
 
 	report("chmod %cx '%s'", flip, path);

@@ -637,7 +637,7 @@ static int unresolve_one(const char *path)
 	pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, namelen);
 	if (0 <= pos) {
 		/* already merged */
-		pos = unmerge_cache_entry_at(pos);
+		pos = unmerge_index_entry_at(istate, pos);
 		if (pos < istate->cache_nr) {
 			const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos];
 			if (ce_stage(ce) &&

@@ -788,8 +788,9 @@ struct refresh_params {
 static int refresh(struct refresh_params *o, unsigned int flag)
 {
 	setup_work_tree();
-	read_cache();
-	*o->has_errors |= refresh_cache(o->flags | flag);
+	repo_read_index(repo);
+	*o->has_errors |= refresh_index(istate, o->flags | flag,
+					NULL, NULL, NULL);
 	return 0;
 }
 

@@ -825,7 +826,7 @@ static int resolve_undo_clear_callback(const struct option *opt,
 {
 	BUG_ON_OPT_NEG(unset);
 	BUG_ON_OPT_ARG(arg);
-	resolve_undo_clear();
+	resolve_undo_clear_index(istate);
 	return 0;
 }
 

index 7bfb8195d97..dfcbc4923e2 100644
@@ -421,7 +421,6 @@ extern struct index_state the_index;
 #define cache_dir_exists(name, namelen) index_dir_exists(&the_index, (name), (namelen))
 #define cache_name_is_other(name, namelen) index_name_is_other(&the_index, (name), (namelen))
 #define resolve_undo_clear() resolve_undo_clear_index(&the_index)
-#define unmerge_cache_entry_at(at) unmerge_index_entry_at(&the_index, at)
 #define unmerge_cache(pathspec) unmerge_index(&the_index, pathspec)
 #define read_blob_data_from_cache(path, sz) read_blob_data_from_index(&the_index, (path), (sz))
 #define hold_locked_index(lock_file, flags) repo_hold_locked_index(the_repository, (lock_file), (flags))

index 4da0c169dc7..256df43ecbd 100644
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005
  */
-#define USE_THE_INDEX_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "config.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"

@@ -277,7 +276,7 @@ static int add_one_path(const struct cache_entry *old, const char *path, int len
 	struct cache_entry *ce;
 
 	/* Was the old index entry already up-to-date? */
-	if (old && !ce_stage(old) && !ce_match_stat(old, st, 0))
+	if (old && !ce_stage(old) && !ie_match_stat(istate, old, st, 0))
 		return 0;
 
 	ce = make_empty_cache_entry(istate, len);

index dfcbc4923e2..2925bf050b8 100644
@@ -416,7 +416,6 @@ extern struct index_state the_index;
 #define chmod_cache_entry(ce, flip) chmod_index_entry(&the_index, (ce), (flip))
 #define refresh_cache(flags) refresh_index(&the_index, (flags), NULL, NULL, NULL)
 #define refresh_and_write_cache(refresh_flags, write_flags, gentle) repo_refresh_and_write_index(the_repository, (refresh_flags), (write_flags), (gentle), NULL, NULL, NULL)
-#define ce_match_stat(ce, st, options) ie_match_stat(&the_index, (ce), (st), (options))
 #define ce_modified(ce, st, options) ie_modified(&the_index, (ce), (st), (options))
 #define cache_dir_exists(name, namelen) index_dir_exists(&the_index, (name), (namelen))
 #define cache_name_is_other(name, namelen) index_name_is_other(&the_index, (name), (namelen))

index 7dac714af90..0055d49a8a7 100644
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2006 Johannes Schindelin
  */
-#define USE_THE_INDEX_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "config.h"
 #include "pathspec.h"

@@ -75,13 +74,14 @@ static const char *add_slash(const char *path)
 
 #define SUBMODULE_WITH_GITDIR ((const char *)1)
 
-static void prepare_move_submodule(const char *src, int first,
+static void prepare_move_submodule(struct index_state *istate,
+				   const char *src, int first,
 				   const char **submodule_gitfile)
 {
 	struct strbuf submodule_dotgit = STRBUF_INIT;
-	if (!S_ISGITLINK(active_cache[first]->ce_mode))
+	if (!S_ISGITLINK(istate->cache[first]->ce_mode))
 		die(_("Directory %s is in index and no submodule?"), src);
-	if (!is_staging_gitmodules_ok(&the_index))
+	if (!is_staging_gitmodules_ok(istate))
 		die(_("Please stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"));
 	strbuf_addf(&submodule_dotgit, "%s/.git", src);
 	*submodule_gitfile = read_gitfile(submodule_dotgit.buf);

@@ -92,19 +92,20 @@ static void prepare_move_submodule(const char *src, int first,
 	strbuf_release(&submodule_dotgit);
 }
 
-static int index_range_of_same_dir(const char *src, int length,
+static int index_range_of_same_dir(struct index_state *istate,
+				   const char *src, int length,
 				   int *first_p, int *last_p)
 {
 	const char *src_w_slash = add_slash(src);
 	int first, last, len_w_slash = length + 1;
 
-	first = cache_name_pos(src_w_slash, len_w_slash);
+	first = index_name_pos(istate, src_w_slash, len_w_slash);
 	if (first >= 0)
 		die(_("%.*s is in index"), len_w_slash, src_w_slash);
 
 	first = -1 - first;
-	for (last = first; last < active_nr; last++) {
-		const char *path = active_cache[last]->name;
+	for (last = first; last < istate->cache_nr; last++) {
+		const char *path = istate->cache[last]->name;
 		if (strncmp(path, src_w_slash, len_w_slash))
 			break;
 	}

@@ -133,6 +134,7 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct string_list src_for_dst = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 	struct lock_file lock_file = LOCK_INIT;
 	struct cache_entry *ce;
+	struct index_state *istate;
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 

@@ -141,9 +143,10 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (--argc < 1)
 		usage_with_options(builtin_mv_usage, builtin_mv_options);
 
-	hold_locked_index(&lock_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
-	if (read_cache() < 0)
+	repo_hold_locked_index(the_repository, &lock_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+	if (repo_read_index(the_repository) < 0)
 		die(_("index file corrupt"));
+	istate = the_repository->index;
 
 	source = internal_prefix_pathspec(prefix, argv, argc, 0);
 	modes = xcalloc(argc, sizeof(enum update_mode));

@@ -190,12 +193,13 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				&& lstat(dst, &st) == 0)
 			bad = _("cannot move directory over file");
 		else if (src_is_dir) {
-			int first = cache_name_pos(src, length), last;
+			int first = index_name_pos(istate, src, length);
+			int last;
 
 			if (first >= 0)
-				prepare_move_submodule(src, first,
+				prepare_move_submodule(istate, src, first,
 						       submodule_gitfile + i);
-			else if (index_range_of_same_dir(src, length,
+			else if (index_range_of_same_dir(istate, src, length,
 							 &first, &last) < 1)
 				bad = _("source directory is empty");
 			else { /* last - first >= 1 */

@@ -212,7 +216,7 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				dst_len = strlen(dst);
 
 				for (j = 0; j < last - first; j++) {
-					const char *path = active_cache[first + j]->name;
+					const char *path = istate->cache[first + j]->name;
 					source[argc + j] = path;
 					destination[argc + j] =
 						prefix_path(dst, dst_len, path + length + 1);

@@ -221,7 +225,7 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				}
 				argc += last - first;
 			}
-		} else if (!(ce = cache_file_exists(src, length, ignore_case))) {
+		} else if (!(ce = index_file_exists(istate, src, length, ignore_case))) {
 			bad = _("not under version control");
 		} else if (ce_stage(ce)) {
 			bad = _("conflicted");

@@ -291,15 +295,15 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (mode == WORKING_DIRECTORY)
 			continue;
 
-		pos = cache_name_pos(src, strlen(src));
+		pos = index_name_pos(istate, src, strlen(src));
 		assert(pos >= 0);
-		rename_cache_entry_at(pos, dst);
+		rename_index_entry_at(istate, pos, dst);
 	}
 
 	if (gitmodules_modified)
-		stage_updated_gitmodules(&the_index);
+		stage_updated_gitmodules(istate);
 
-	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock_file,
+	if (write_locked_index(istate, &lock_file,
 			       COMMIT_LOCK | SKIP_IF_UNCHANGED))
 		die(_("Unable to write new index file"));
 

index 2d844576ead..fdf061cac56 100644
@@ -409,7 +409,6 @@ extern struct index_state the_index;
 #define unmerged_cache() unmerged_index(&the_index)
 #define cache_name_pos(name, namelen) index_name_pos(&the_index,(name),(namelen))
 #define add_cache_entry(ce, option) add_index_entry(&the_index, (ce), (option))
-#define rename_cache_entry_at(pos, new_name) rename_index_entry_at(&the_index, (pos), (new_name))
 #define remove_cache_entry_at(pos) remove_index_entry_at(&the_index, (pos))
 #define remove_file_from_cache(path) remove_file_from_index(&the_index, (path))
 #define add_to_cache(path, st, flags) add_to_index(&the_index, (path), (st), (flags))

@@ -420,7 +419,6 @@ extern struct index_state the_index;
 #define ce_match_stat(ce, st, options) ie_match_stat(&the_index, (ce), (st), (options))
 #define ce_modified(ce, st, options) ie_modified(&the_index, (ce), (st), (options))
 #define cache_dir_exists(name, namelen) index_dir_exists(&the_index, (name), (namelen))
-#define cache_file_exists(name, namelen, igncase) index_file_exists(&the_index, (name), (namelen), (igncase))
 #define cache_name_is_other(name, namelen) index_name_is_other(&the_index, (name), (namelen))
 #define resolve_undo_clear() resolve_undo_clear_index(&the_index)
 #define unmerge_cache_entry_at(at) unmerge_index_entry_at(&the_index, at)

index 4858631e0f0..767df8d6b25 100644
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds 2006
  */
-#define USE_THE_INDEX_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "config.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"

@@ -28,12 +27,14 @@ static struct {
 	} *entry;
 } list;
 
-static int get_ours_cache_pos(const char *path, int pos)
+static int get_ours_cache_pos(struct index_state *istate,
+			      const char *path, int pos)
 {
 	int i = -pos - 1;
 
-	while ((i < active_nr) && !strcmp(active_cache[i]->name, path)) {
-		if (ce_stage(active_cache[i]) == 2)
+	while ((i < istate->cache_nr) &&
+	       !strcmp(istate->cache[i]->name, path)) {
+		if (ce_stage(istate->cache[i]) == 2)
 			return i;
 		i++;
 	}

@@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ static void print_error_files(struct string_list *files_list,
 	}
 }
 
-static void submodules_absorb_gitdir_if_needed(void)
+static void submodules_absorb_gitdir_if_needed(struct index_state *istate)
 {
 	int i;
 	for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++) {

@@ -69,13 +70,13 @@ static void submodules_absorb_gitdir_if_needed(void)
 		int pos;
 		const struct cache_entry *ce;
 
-		pos = cache_name_pos(name, strlen(name));
+		pos = index_name_pos(istate, name, strlen(name));
 		if (pos < 0) {
-			pos = get_ours_cache_pos(name, pos);
+			pos = get_ours_cache_pos(istate, name, pos);
 			if (pos < 0)
 				continue;
 		}
-		ce = active_cache[pos];
+		ce = istate->cache[pos];
 
 		if (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode) ||
 		    !file_exists(ce->name) ||

@@ -88,7 +89,8 @@ static void submodules_absorb_gitdir_if_needed(void)
 	}
 }
 
-static int check_local_mod(struct object_id *head, int index_only)
+static int check_local_mod(struct index_state *istate,
+			   struct object_id *head, int index_only)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Items in list are already sorted in the cache order,

@@ -114,21 +116,21 @@ static int check_local_mod(struct object_id *head, int index_only)
 		int local_changes = 0;
 		int staged_changes = 0;
 
-		pos = cache_name_pos(name, strlen(name));
+		pos = index_name_pos(istate, name, strlen(name));
 		if (pos < 0) {
 			/*
 			 * Skip unmerged entries except for populated submodules
 			 * that could lose history when removed.
 			 */
-			pos = get_ours_cache_pos(name, pos);
+			pos = get_ours_cache_pos(istate, name, pos);
 			if (pos < 0)
 				continue;
 
-			if (!S_ISGITLINK(active_cache[pos]->ce_mode) ||
+			if (!S_ISGITLINK(istate->cache[pos]->ce_mode) ||
 			    is_empty_dir(name))
 				continue;
 		}
-		ce = active_cache[pos];
+		ce = istate->cache[pos];
 
 		if (lstat(ce->name, &st) < 0) {
 			if (!is_missing_file_error(errno))

@@ -165,7 +167,7 @@ static int check_local_mod(struct object_id *head, int index_only)
 		 * Is the index different from the file in the work tree?
 		 * If it's a submodule, is its work tree modified?
 		 */
-		if (ce_match_stat(ce, &st, 0) ||
+		if (ie_match_stat(istate, ce, &st, 0) ||
 		    (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode) &&
 		     bad_to_remove_submodule(ce->name,
 				SUBMODULE_REMOVAL_DIE_ON_ERROR |

@@ -257,6 +259,7 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int i;
 	struct pathspec pathspec;
 	char *seen;
+	struct index_state *istate;
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 

@@ -284,24 +287,25 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (!index_only)
 		setup_work_tree();
 
-	hold_locked_index(&lock_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+	repo_hold_locked_index(the_repository, &lock_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 
-	if (read_cache() < 0)
+	if (repo_read_index(the_repository) < 0)
 		die(_("index file corrupt"));
 
-	refresh_index(&the_index, REFRESH_QUIET|REFRESH_UNMERGED, &pathspec, NULL, NULL);
+	istate = the_repository->index;
+	refresh_index(istate, REFRESH_QUIET|REFRESH_UNMERGED, &pathspec, NULL, NULL);
 
 	seen = xcalloc(pathspec.nr, 1);
 
-	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
-		const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
-		if (!ce_path_match(&the_index, ce, &pathspec, seen))
+	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
+		const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[i];
+		if (!ce_path_match(istate, ce, &pathspec, seen))
 			continue;
 		ALLOC_GROW(list.entry, list.nr + 1, list.alloc);
 		list.entry[list.nr].name = xstrdup(ce->name);
 		list.entry[list.nr].is_submodule = S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode);
 		if (list.entry[list.nr++].is_submodule &&
-		    !is_staging_gitmodules_ok(&the_index))
+		    !is_staging_gitmodules_ok(istate))
 			die(_("please stage your changes to .gitmodules or stash them to proceed"));
 	}
 

@@ -329,7 +333,7 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 
 	if (!index_only)
-		submodules_absorb_gitdir_if_needed();
+		submodules_absorb_gitdir_if_needed(istate);
 
 	/*
 	 * If not forced, the file, the index and the HEAD (if exists)

@@ -345,7 +349,7 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		struct object_id oid;
 		if (get_oid("HEAD", &oid))
 			oidclr(&oid);
-		if (check_local_mod(&oid, index_only))
+		if (check_local_mod(istate, &oid, index_only))
 			exit(1);
 	}
 

@@ -358,7 +362,7 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		if (!quiet)
 			printf("rm '%s'\n", path);
 
-		if (remove_file_from_cache(path))
+		if (remove_file_from_index(istate, path))
 			die(_("git rm: unable to remove %s"), path);
 	}
 

@@ -398,10 +402,10 @@ int cmd_rm(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		}
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
 		if (gitmodules_modified)
-			stage_updated_gitmodules(&the_index);
+			stage_updated_gitmodules(istate);
 	}
 
-	if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock_file,
+	if (write_locked_index(istate, &lock_file,
 			       COMMIT_LOCK | SKIP_IF_UNCHANGED))
 		die(_("Unable to write new index file"));
 

index 44862f5e1de..dde5b01a949 100644
@@ -40,6 +40,9 @@ static int ignore_skip_worktree_entries;
 #define UNMARK_FLAG 2
 static struct strbuf mtime_dir = STRBUF_INIT;
 
+static struct repository *repo;
+static struct index_state *istate;
+
 /* Untracked cache mode */
 enum uc_mode {
 	UC_UNSPECIFIED = -1,

@@ -232,13 +235,13 @@ static int mark_ce_flags(const char *path, int flag, int mark)
 	int namelen = strlen(path);
 	int pos = cache_name_pos(path, namelen);
 	if (0 <= pos) {
-		mark_fsmonitor_invalid(&the_index, active_cache[pos]);
+		mark_fsmonitor_invalid(istate, active_cache[pos]);
 		if (mark)
 			active_cache[pos]->ce_flags |= flag;
 		else
 			active_cache[pos]->ce_flags &= ~flag;
 		active_cache[pos]->ce_flags |= CE_UPDATE_IN_BASE;
-		cache_tree_invalidate_path(&the_index, path);
+		cache_tree_invalidate_path(istate, path);
 		active_cache_changed |= CE_ENTRY_CHANGED;
 		return 0;
 	}

@@ -277,14 +280,14 @@ static int add_one_path(const struct cache_entry *old, const char *path, int len
 	if (old && !ce_stage(old) && !ce_match_stat(old, st, 0))
 		return 0;
 
-	ce = make_empty_cache_entry(&the_index, len);
+	ce = make_empty_cache_entry(istate, len);
 	memcpy(ce->name, path, len);
 	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(0);
 	ce->ce_namelen = len;
-	fill_stat_cache_info(&the_index, ce, st);
+	fill_stat_cache_info(istate, ce, st);
 	ce->ce_mode = ce_mode_from_stat(old, st->st_mode);
 
-	if (index_path(&the_index, &ce->oid, path, st,
+	if (index_path(istate, &ce->oid, path, st,
 		       info_only ? 0 : HASH_WRITE_OBJECT)) {
 		discard_cache_entry(ce);
 		return -1;

@@ -406,7 +409,7 @@ static int add_cacheinfo(unsigned int mode, const struct object_id *oid,
 {
 	int res;
 
-	res = add_to_index_cacheinfo(&the_index, mode, oid, path, stage,
+	res = add_to_index_cacheinfo(istate, mode, oid, path, stage,
 				     allow_add, allow_replace, NULL);
 	if (res == -1)
 		return res;

@@ -592,7 +595,7 @@ static struct cache_entry *read_one_ent(const char *which,
 	struct object_id oid;
 	struct cache_entry *ce;
 
-	if (get_tree_entry(the_repository, ent, path, &oid, &mode)) {
+	if (get_tree_entry(repo, ent, path, &oid, &mode)) {
 		if (which)
 			error("%s: not in %s branch.", path, which);
 		return NULL;

@@ -602,7 +605,7 @@ static struct cache_entry *read_one_ent(const char *which,
 			error("%s: not a blob in %s branch.", path, which);
 		return NULL;
 	}
-	ce = make_empty_cache_entry(&the_index, namelen);
+	ce = make_empty_cache_entry(istate, namelen);
 
 	oidcpy(&ce->oid, &oid);
 	memcpy(ce->name, path, namelen);

@@ -740,7 +743,7 @@ static int do_reupdate(int ac, const char **av,
 		int save_nr;
 		char *path;
 
-		if (ce_stage(ce) || !ce_path_match(&the_index, ce, &pathspec, NULL))
+		if (ce_stage(ce) || !ce_path_match(istate, ce, &pathspec, NULL))
 			continue;
 		if (has_head)
 			old = read_one_ent(NULL, &head_oid,

@@ -957,7 +960,6 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct parse_opt_ctx_t ctx;
 	strbuf_getline_fn getline_fn;
 	int parseopt_state = PARSE_OPT_UNKNOWN;
-	struct repository *r = the_repository;
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_BIT('q', NULL, &refresh_args.flags,
 			N_("continue refresh even when index needs update"),

@@ -1066,16 +1068,19 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
+	repo = the_repository;
+
 	/* we will diagnose later if it turns out that we need to update it */
-	newfd = hold_locked_index(&lock_file, 0);
+	newfd = repo_hold_locked_index(repo, &lock_file, 0);
 	if (newfd < 0)
 		lock_error = errno;
 
-	entries = read_cache();
+	entries = repo_read_index(repo);
 	if (entries < 0)
 		die("cache corrupted");
 
-	the_index.updated_skipworktree = 1;
+	istate = repo->index;
+	istate->updated_skipworktree = 1;
 
 	/*
 	 * Custom copy of parse_options() because we want to handle

@@ -1129,9 +1134,9 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			    preferred_index_format,
 			    INDEX_FORMAT_LB, INDEX_FORMAT_UB);
 
-		if (the_index.version != preferred_index_format)
+		if (istate->version != preferred_index_format)
 			active_cache_changed |= SOMETHING_CHANGED;
-		the_index.version = preferred_index_format;
+		istate->version = preferred_index_format;
 	}
 
 	if (read_from_stdin) {

@@ -1162,28 +1167,28 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			warning(_("core.splitIndex is set to false; "
 				  "remove or change it, if you really want to "
 				  "enable split index"));
-		if (the_index.split_index)
-			the_index.cache_changed |= SPLIT_INDEX_ORDERED;
+		if (istate->split_index)
+			istate->cache_changed |= SPLIT_INDEX_ORDERED;
 		else
-			add_split_index(&the_index);
+			add_split_index(istate);
 	} else if (!split_index) {
 		if (git_config_get_split_index() == 1)
 			warning(_("core.splitIndex is set to true; "
 				  "remove or change it, if you really want to "
 				  "disable split index"));
-		remove_split_index(&the_index);
+		remove_split_index(istate);
 	}
 
-	prepare_repo_settings(r);
+	prepare_repo_settings(repo);
 	switch (untracked_cache) {
 	case UC_UNSPECIFIED:
 		break;
 	case UC_DISABLE:
-		if (r->settings.core_untracked_cache == UNTRACKED_CACHE_WRITE)
+		if (repo->settings.core_untracked_cache == UNTRACKED_CACHE_WRITE)
 			warning(_("core.untrackedCache is set to true; "
 				  "remove or change it, if you really want to "
 				  "disable the untracked cache"));
-		remove_untracked_cache(&the_index);
+		remove_untracked_cache(istate);
 		report(_("Untracked cache disabled"));
 		break;
 	case UC_TEST:

@@ -1191,11 +1196,11 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		return !test_if_untracked_cache_is_supported();
 	case UC_ENABLE:
 	case UC_FORCE:
-		if (r->settings.core_untracked_cache == UNTRACKED_CACHE_REMOVE)
+		if (repo->settings.core_untracked_cache == UNTRACKED_CACHE_REMOVE)
 			warning(_("core.untrackedCache is set to false; "
 				  "remove or change it, if you really want to "
 				  "enable the untracked cache"));
-		add_untracked_cache(&the_index);
+		add_untracked_cache(istate);
 		report(_("Untracked cache enabled for '%s'"), get_git_work_tree());
 		break;
 	default:

@@ -1207,14 +1212,14 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			warning(_("core.fsmonitor is unset; "
 				"set it if you really want to "
 				"enable fsmonitor"));
-		add_fsmonitor(&the_index);
+		add_fsmonitor(istate);
 		report(_("fsmonitor enabled"));
 	} else if (!fsmonitor) {
 		if (git_config_get_fsmonitor() == 1)
 			warning(_("core.fsmonitor is set; "
 				"remove it if you really want to "
 				"disable fsmonitor"));
-		remove_fsmonitor(&the_index);
+		remove_fsmonitor(istate);
 		report(_("fsmonitor disabled"));
 	}
 

@@ -1224,7 +1229,7 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				exit(128);
 			unable_to_lock_die(get_index_file(), lock_error);
 		}
-		if (write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK))
+		if (write_locked_index(istate, &lock_file, COMMIT_LOCK))
 			die("Unable to write new index file");
 	}
 

index dde5b01a949..3e459d2b9de 100644
@@ -235,12 +235,12 @@ static int mark_ce_flags(const char *path, int flag, int mark)
 	int namelen = strlen(path);
 	int pos = cache_name_pos(path, namelen);
 	if (0 <= pos) {
-		mark_fsmonitor_invalid(istate, active_cache[pos]);
+		mark_fsmonitor_invalid(istate, istate->cache[pos]);
 		if (mark)
-			active_cache[pos]->ce_flags |= flag;
+			istate->cache[pos]->ce_flags |= flag;
 		else
-			active_cache[pos]->ce_flags &= ~flag;
-		active_cache[pos]->ce_flags |= CE_UPDATE_IN_BASE;
+			istate->cache[pos]->ce_flags &= ~flag;
+		istate->cache[pos]->ce_flags |= CE_UPDATE_IN_BASE;
 		cache_tree_invalidate_path(istate, path);
 		active_cache_changed |= CE_ENTRY_CHANGED;
 		return 0;

@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ static int process_directory(const char *path, int len, struct stat *st)
 
 	/* Exact match: file or existing gitlink */
 	if (pos >= 0) {
-		const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
+		const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos];
 		if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode)) {
 
 			/* Do nothing to the index if there is no HEAD! */

@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ static int process_directory(const char *path, int len, struct stat *st)
 	/* Inexact match: is there perhaps a subdirectory match? */
 	pos = -pos-1;
 	while (pos < active_nr) {
-		const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos++];
+		const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos++];
 
 		if (strncmp(ce->name, path, len))
 			break;

@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@ static int process_path(const char *path, struct stat *st, int stat_errno)
 		return error("'%s' is beyond a symbolic link", path);
 
 	pos = cache_name_pos(path, len);
-	ce = pos < 0 ? NULL : active_cache[pos];
+	ce = pos < 0 ? NULL : istate->cache[pos];
 	if (ce && ce_skip_worktree(ce)) {
 		/*
 		 * working directory version is assumed "good"

@@ -429,7 +429,7 @@ static void chmod_path(char flip, const char *path)
 	pos = cache_name_pos(path, strlen(path));
 	if (pos < 0)
 		goto fail;
-	ce = active_cache[pos];
+	ce = istate->cache[pos];
 	if (chmod_cache_entry(ce, flip) < 0)
 		goto fail;
 

@@ -628,7 +628,7 @@ static int unresolve_one(const char *path)
 		/* already merged */
 		pos = unmerge_cache_entry_at(pos);
 		if (pos < active_nr) {
-			const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
+			const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos];
 			if (ce_stage(ce) &&
 			    ce_namelen(ce) == namelen &&
 			    !memcmp(ce->name, path, namelen))

@@ -642,7 +642,7 @@ static int unresolve_one(const char *path)
 		 */
 		pos = -pos-1;
 		if (pos < active_nr) {
-			const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
+			const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos];
 			if (ce_namelen(ce) == namelen &&
 			    !memcmp(ce->name, path, namelen)) {
 				fprintf(stderr,

@@ -738,7 +738,7 @@ static int do_reupdate(int ac, const char **av,
 		has_head = 0;
  redo:
 	for (pos = 0; pos < active_nr; pos++) {
-		const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
+		const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos];
 		struct cache_entry *old = NULL;
 		int save_nr;
 		char *path;

index 3e459d2b9de..106bfdab78e 100644
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ static int process_directory(const char *path, int len, struct stat *st)
 
 	/* Inexact match: is there perhaps a subdirectory match? */
 	pos = -pos-1;
-	while (pos < active_nr) {
+	while (pos < istate->cache_nr) {
 		const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos++];
 
 		if (strncmp(ce->name, path, len))

@@ -627,7 +627,7 @@ static int unresolve_one(const char *path)
 	if (0 <= pos) {
 		/* already merged */
 		pos = unmerge_cache_entry_at(pos);
-		if (pos < active_nr) {
+		if (pos < istate->cache_nr) {
 			const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos];
 			if (ce_stage(ce) &&
 			    ce_namelen(ce) == namelen &&

@@ -641,7 +641,7 @@ static int unresolve_one(const char *path)
 		 * want to do anything in the former case.
 		 */
 		pos = -pos-1;
-		if (pos < active_nr) {
+		if (pos < istate->cache_nr) {
 			const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos];
 			if (ce_namelen(ce) == namelen &&
 			    !memcmp(ce->name, path, namelen)) {

@@ -737,7 +737,7 @@ static int do_reupdate(int ac, const char **av,
 		 */
 		has_head = 0;
  redo:
-	for (pos = 0; pos < active_nr; pos++) {
+	for (pos = 0; pos < istate->cache_nr; pos++) {
 		const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos];
 		struct cache_entry *old = NULL;
 		int save_nr;

@@ -755,14 +755,14 @@ static int do_reupdate(int ac, const char **av,
 		}
 		/* Be careful.  The working tree may not have the
 		 * path anymore, in which case, under 'allow_remove',
-		 * or worse yet 'allow_replace', active_nr may decrease.
+		 * or worse yet 'allow_replace', istate->cache_nr may decrease.
 		 */
-		save_nr = active_nr;
+		save_nr = istate->cache_nr;
 		path = xstrdup(ce->name);
 		update_one(path);
 		free(path);
 		discard_cache_entry(old);
-		if (save_nr != active_nr)
+		if (save_nr != istate->cache_nr)
 			goto redo;
 	}
 	clear_pathspec(&pathspec);

index 346d798c60b..096cbdfa8ac 100644
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ static int test_if_untracked_cache_is_supported(void)
 static int mark_ce_flags(const char *path, int flag, int mark)
 {
 	int namelen = strlen(path);
-	int pos = cache_name_pos(path, namelen);
+	int pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, namelen);
 	if (0 <= pos) {
 		mark_fsmonitor_invalid(istate, istate->cache[pos]);
 		if (mark)

@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ static int add_one_path(const struct cache_entry *old, const char *path, int len
 static int process_directory(const char *path, int len, struct stat *st)
 {
 	struct object_id oid;
-	int pos = cache_name_pos(path, len);
+	int pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, len);
 
 	/* Exact match: file or existing gitlink */
 	if (pos >= 0) {

@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ static int process_path(const char *path, struct stat *st, int stat_errno)
 	if (has_symlink_leading_path(path, len))
 		return error("'%s' is beyond a symbolic link", path);
 
-	pos = cache_name_pos(path, len);
+	pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, len);
 	ce = pos < 0 ? NULL : istate->cache[pos];
 	if (ce && ce_skip_worktree(ce)) {
 		/*

@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ static void chmod_path(char flip, const char *path)
 	int pos;
 	struct cache_entry *ce;
 
-	pos = cache_name_pos(path, strlen(path));
+	pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, strlen(path));
 	if (pos < 0)
 		goto fail;
 	ce = istate->cache[pos];

@@ -623,7 +623,7 @@ static int unresolve_one(const char *path)
 	struct cache_entry *ce_2 = NULL, *ce_3 = NULL;
 
 	/* See if there is such entry in the index. */
-	pos = cache_name_pos(path, namelen);
+	pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, namelen);
 	if (0 <= pos) {
 		/* already merged */
 		pos = unmerge_cache_entry_at(pos);

index aa859c4e018..ffa42813370 100644
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ static int add_one_path(const struct cache_entry *old, const char *path, int len
 	}
 	option = allow_add ? ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD : 0;
 	option |= allow_replace ? ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE : 0;
-	if (add_cache_entry(ce, option)) {
+	if (add_index_entry(istate, ce, option)) {
 		discard_cache_entry(ce);
 		return error("%s: cannot add to the index - missing --add option?", path);
 	}

@@ -672,12 +672,12 @@ static int unresolve_one(const char *path)
 	}
 
 	remove_file_from_index(istate, path);
-	if (add_cache_entry(ce_2, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD)) {
+	if (add_index_entry(istate, ce_2, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD)) {
 		error("%s: cannot add our version to the index.", path);
 		ret = -1;
 		goto free_return;
 	}
-	if (!add_cache_entry(ce_3, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD))
+	if (!add_index_entry(istate, ce_3, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD))
 		return 0;
 	error("%s: cannot add their version to the index.", path);
 	ret = -1;

index 8fc680090be..6b585fb8ede 100644
@@ -39,9 +39,6 @@ static int ignore_skip_worktree_entries;
 #define UNMARK_FLAG 2
 static struct strbuf mtime_dir = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-static struct repository *repo;
-static struct index_state *istate;
-
 /* Untracked cache mode */
 enum uc_mode {
 	UC_UNSPECIFIED = -1,

@@ -229,7 +226,8 @@ static int test_if_untracked_cache_is_supported(void)
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static int mark_ce_flags(const char *path, int flag, int mark)
+static int mark_ce_flags(struct index_state *istate,
+			 const char *path, int flag, int mark)
 {
 	int namelen = strlen(path);
 	int pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, namelen);

@@ -247,7 +245,7 @@ static int mark_ce_flags(const char *path, int flag, int mark)
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static int remove_one_path(const char *path)
+static int remove_one_path(struct index_state *istate, const char *path)
 {
 	if (!allow_remove)
 		return error("%s: does not exist and --remove not passed", path);

@@ -263,14 +261,17 @@ static int remove_one_path(const char *path)
  *    succeeds.
  *  - permission error. That's never ok.
  */
-static int process_lstat_error(const char *path, int err)
+static int process_lstat_error(struct index_state *istate,
+			       const char *path, int err)
 {
 	if (is_missing_file_error(err))
-		return remove_one_path(path);
+		return remove_one_path(istate, path);
 	return error("lstat(\"%s\"): %s", path, strerror(err));
 }
 
-static int add_one_path(const struct cache_entry *old, const char *path, int len, struct stat *st)
+static int add_one_path(struct index_state *istate,
+			const struct cache_entry *old,
+			const char *path, int len, struct stat *st)
 {
 	int option;
 	struct cache_entry *ce;

@@ -323,7 +324,8 @@ static int add_one_path(const struct cache_entry *old, const char *path, int len
  *  - it doesn't exist at all in the index, but it is a valid
  *    git directory, and it should be *added* as a gitlink.
  */
-static int process_directory(const char *path, int len, struct stat *st)
+static int process_directory(struct index_state *istate,
+			     const char *path, int len, struct stat *st)
 {
 	struct object_id oid;
 	int pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, len);

@@ -337,10 +339,10 @@ static int process_directory(const char *path, int len, struct stat *st)
 			if (resolve_gitlink_ref(path, "HEAD", &oid) < 0)
 				return 0;
 
-			return add_one_path(ce, path, len, st);
+			return add_one_path(istate, ce, path, len, st);
 		}
 		/* Should this be an unconditional error? */
-		return remove_one_path(path);
+		return remove_one_path(istate, path);
 	}
 
 	/* Inexact match: is there perhaps a subdirectory match? */

@@ -361,13 +363,14 @@ static int process_directory(const char *path, int len, struct stat *st)
 
 	/* No match - should we add it as a gitlink? */
 	if (!resolve_gitlink_ref(path, "HEAD", &oid))
-		return add_one_path(NULL, path, len, st);
+		return add_one_path(istate, NULL, path, len, st);
 
 	/* Error out. */
 	return error("%s: is a directory - add files inside instead", path);
 }
 
-static int process_path(const char *path, struct stat *st, int stat_errno)
+static int process_path(struct index_state *istate,
+			const char *path, struct stat *st, int stat_errno)
 {
 	int pos, len;
 	const struct cache_entry *ce;

@@ -395,15 +398,16 @@ static int process_path(const char *path, struct stat *st, int stat_errno)
 	 * what to do about the pathname!
 	 */
 	if (stat_errno)
-		return process_lstat_error(path, stat_errno);
+		return process_lstat_error(istate, path, stat_errno);
 
 	if (S_ISDIR(st->st_mode))
-		return process_directory(path, len, st);
+		return process_directory(istate, path, len, st);
 
-	return add_one_path(ce, path, len, st);
+	return add_one_path(istate, ce, path, len, st);
 }
 
-static int add_cacheinfo(unsigned int mode, const struct object_id *oid,
+static int add_cacheinfo(struct index_state *istate,
+			 unsigned int mode, const struct object_id *oid,
 			 const char *path, int stage)
 {
 	int res;

@@ -420,7 +424,8 @@ static int add_cacheinfo(unsigned int mode, const struct object_id *oid,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void chmod_path(char flip, const char *path)
+static void chmod_path(struct index_state *istate,
+		       char flip, const char *path)
 {
 	int pos;
 	struct cache_entry *ce;

@@ -438,7 +443,7 @@ static void chmod_path(char flip, const char *path)
 	die("git update-index: cannot chmod %cx '%s'", flip, path);
 }
 
-static void update_one(const char *path)
+static void update_one(struct index_state *istate, const char *path)
 {
 	int stat_errno = 0;
 	struct stat st;

@@ -456,17 +461,20 @@ static void update_one(const char *path)
 		return;
 	}
 	if (mark_valid_only) {
-		if (mark_ce_flags(path, CE_VALID, mark_valid_only == MARK_FLAG))
+		if (mark_ce_flags(istate, path, CE_VALID,
+				  mark_valid_only == MARK_FLAG))
 			die("Unable to mark file %s", path);
 		return;
 	}
 	if (mark_skip_worktree_only) {
-		if (mark_ce_flags(path, CE_SKIP_WORKTREE, mark_skip_worktree_only == MARK_FLAG))
+		if (mark_ce_flags(istate, path, CE_SKIP_WORKTREE,
+				  mark_skip_worktree_only == MARK_FLAG))
 			die("Unable to mark file %s", path);
 		return;
 	}
 	if (mark_fsmonitor_only) {
-		if (mark_ce_flags(path, CE_FSMONITOR_VALID, mark_fsmonitor_only == MARK_FLAG))
+		if (mark_ce_flags(istate, path, CE_FSMONITOR_VALID,
+				  mark_fsmonitor_only == MARK_FLAG))
 			die("Unable to mark file %s", path);
 		return;
 	}

@@ -477,12 +485,12 @@ static void update_one(const char *path)
 		report("remove '%s'", path);
 		return;
 	}
-	if (process_path(path, &st, stat_errno))
+	if (process_path(istate, path, &st, stat_errno))
 		die("Unable to process path %s", path);
 	report("add '%s'", path);
 }
 
-static void read_index_info(int nul_term_line)
+static void read_index_info(struct index_state *istate, int nul_term_line)
 {
 	const int hexsz = the_hash_algo->hexsz;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;

@@ -565,7 +573,7 @@ static void read_index_info(int nul_term_line)
 			 * ptr[-41] is at the beginning of sha1
 			 */
 			ptr[-(hexsz + 2)] = ptr[-1] = 0;
-			if (add_cacheinfo(mode, &oid, path_name, stage))
+			if (add_cacheinfo(istate, mode, &oid, path_name, stage))
 				die("git update-index: unable to update %s",
 				    path_name);
 		}

@@ -586,6 +594,9 @@ static const char * const update_index_usage[] = {
 static struct object_id head_oid;
 static struct object_id merge_head_oid;
 
+static struct repository *repo;
+static struct index_state *istate;
+
 static struct cache_entry *read_one_ent(const char *which,
 					struct object_id *ent, const char *path,
 					int namelen, int stage)

@@ -758,7 +769,7 @@ static int do_reupdate(int ac, const char **av,
 		 */
 		save_nr = istate->cache_nr;
 		path = xstrdup(ce->name);
-		update_one(path);
+		update_one(istate, path);
 		free(path);
 		discard_cache_entry(old);
 		if (save_nr != istate->cache_nr)

@@ -854,7 +865,7 @@ static enum parse_opt_result cacheinfo_callback(
 	BUG_ON_OPT_ARG(arg);
 
 	if (!parse_new_style_cacheinfo(ctx->argv[1], &mode, &oid, &path)) {
-		if (add_cacheinfo(mode, &oid, path, 0))
+		if (add_cacheinfo(istate, mode, &oid, path, 0))
 			die("git update-index: --cacheinfo cannot add %s", path);
 		ctx->argv++;
 		ctx->argc--;

@@ -864,7 +875,7 @@ static enum parse_opt_result cacheinfo_callback(
 		return error("option 'cacheinfo' expects <mode>,<sha1>,<path>");
 	if (strtoul_ui(*++ctx->argv, 8, &mode) ||
 	    get_oid_hex(*++ctx->argv, &oid) ||
-	    add_cacheinfo(mode, &oid, *++ctx->argv, 0))
+	    add_cacheinfo(istate, mode, &oid, *++ctx->argv, 0))
 		die("git update-index: --cacheinfo cannot add %s", *ctx->argv);
 	ctx->argc -= 3;
 	return 0;

@@ -882,7 +893,7 @@ static enum parse_opt_result stdin_cacheinfo_callback(
 	if (ctx->argc != 1)
 		return error("option '%s' must be the last argument", opt->long_name);
 	allow_add = allow_replace = allow_remove = 1;
-	read_index_info(*nul_term_line);
+	read_index_info(istate, *nul_term_line);
 	return 0;
 }
 

@@ -1108,9 +1119,9 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 			setup_work_tree();
 			p = prefix_path(prefix, prefix_length, path);
-			update_one(p);
+			update_one(istate, p);
 			if (set_executable_bit)
-				chmod_path(set_executable_bit, p);
+				chmod_path(istate, set_executable_bit, p);
 			free(p);
 			ctx.argc--;
 			ctx.argv++;

@@ -1153,9 +1164,9 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				strbuf_swap(&buf, &unquoted);
 			}
 			p = prefix_path(prefix, prefix_length, buf.buf);
-			update_one(p);
+			update_one(istate, p);
 			if (set_executable_bit)
-				chmod_path(set_executable_bit, p);
+				chmod_path(istate, set_executable_bit, p);
 			free(p);
 		}
 		strbuf_release(&unquoted);

index ffa42813370..dd8e0acc52e 100644
@@ -430,7 +430,7 @@ static void chmod_path(char flip, const char *path)
 	if (pos < 0)
 		goto fail;
 	ce = istate->cache[pos];
-	if (chmod_cache_entry(ce, flip) < 0)
+	if (chmod_index_entry(istate, ce, flip) < 0)
 		goto fail;
 
 	report("chmod %cx '%s'", flip, path);

@@ -626,7 +626,7 @@ static int unresolve_one(const char *path)
 	pos = index_name_pos(istate, path, namelen);
 	if (0 <= pos) {
 		/* already merged */
-		pos = unmerge_cache_entry_at(pos);
+		pos = unmerge_index_entry_at(istate, pos);
 		if (pos < istate->cache_nr) {
 			const struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[pos];
 			if (ce_stage(ce) &&

@@ -777,8 +777,9 @@ struct refresh_params {
 static int refresh(struct refresh_params *o, unsigned int flag)
 {
 	setup_work_tree();
-	read_cache();
-	*o->has_errors |= refresh_cache(o->flags | flag);
+	repo_read_index(repo);
+	*o->has_errors |= refresh_index(istate, o->flags | flag,
+					NULL, NULL, NULL);
 	return 0;
 }
 

@@ -814,7 +815,7 @@ static int resolve_undo_clear_callback(const struct option *opt,
 {
 	BUG_ON_OPT_NEG(unset);
 	BUG_ON_OPT_ARG(arg);
-	resolve_undo_clear();
+	resolve_undo_clear_index(istate);
 	return 0;
 }
 

index fdf061cac56..8c091be6256 100644
@@ -421,7 +421,6 @@ extern struct index_state the_index;
 #define cache_dir_exists(name, namelen) index_dir_exists(&the_index, (name), (namelen))
 #define cache_name_is_other(name, namelen) index_name_is_other(&the_index, (name), (namelen))
 #define resolve_undo_clear() resolve_undo_clear_index(&the_index)
-#define unmerge_cache_entry_at(at) unmerge_index_entry_at(&the_index, at)
 #define unmerge_cache(pathspec) unmerge_index(&the_index, pathspec)
 #define read_blob_data_from_cache(path, sz) read_blob_data_from_index(&the_index, (path), (sz))
 #define hold_locked_index(lock_file, flags) repo_hold_locked_index(the_repository, (lock_file), (flags))

index fb8d7879783..258db619a40 100644
@@ -784,19 +784,21 @@ static int do_reupdate(struct repository *repo,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-struct refresh_params {
+struct callback_data {
+	struct repository *repo;
+	struct index_state *istate;
+
 	unsigned int flags;
-	int *has_errors;
+	unsigned int has_errors;
+	unsigned nul_term_line;
+	unsigned read_from_stdin;
 };
 
-static struct repository *repo;
-static struct index_state *istate;
-
-static int refresh(struct refresh_params *o, unsigned int flag)
+static int refresh(struct callback_data *cd, unsigned int flag)
 {
 	setup_work_tree();
-	repo_read_index(repo);
-	*o->has_errors |= refresh_index(istate, o->flags | flag,
+	repo_read_index(cd->repo);
+	cd->has_errors |= refresh_index(cd->istate, cd->flags | flag,
 					NULL, NULL, NULL);
 	return 0;
 }

@@ -818,7 +820,7 @@ static int really_refresh_callback(const struct option *opt,
 }
 
 static int chmod_callback(const struct option *opt,
-				const char *arg, int unset)
+			  const char *arg, int unset)
 {
 	char *flip = opt->value;
 	BUG_ON_OPT_NEG(unset);

@@ -829,11 +831,12 @@ static int chmod_callback(const struct option *opt,
 }
 
 static int resolve_undo_clear_callback(const struct option *opt,
-				const char *arg, int unset)
+				       const char *arg, int unset)
 {
+	struct callback_data *cd = opt->value;
 	BUG_ON_OPT_NEG(unset);
 	BUG_ON_OPT_ARG(arg);
-	resolve_undo_clear_index(istate);
+	resolve_undo_clear_index(cd->istate);
 	return 0;
 }
 

@@ -868,12 +871,13 @@ static enum parse_opt_result cacheinfo_callback(
 	struct object_id oid;
 	unsigned int mode;
 	const char *path;
+	struct callback_data *cd = opt->value;
 
 	BUG_ON_OPT_NEG(unset);
 	BUG_ON_OPT_ARG(arg);
 
 	if (!parse_new_style_cacheinfo(ctx->argv[1], &mode, &oid, &path)) {
-		if (add_cacheinfo(istate, mode, &oid, path, 0))
+		if (add_cacheinfo(cd->istate, mode, &oid, path, 0))
 			die("git update-index: --cacheinfo cannot add %s", path);
 		ctx->argv++;
 		ctx->argc--;

@@ -883,7 +887,7 @@ static enum parse_opt_result cacheinfo_callback(
 		return error("option 'cacheinfo' expects <mode>,<sha1>,<path>");
 	if (strtoul_ui(*++ctx->argv, 8, &mode) ||
 	    get_oid_hex(*++ctx->argv, &oid) ||
-	    add_cacheinfo(istate, mode, &oid, *++ctx->argv, 0))
+	    add_cacheinfo(cd->istate, mode, &oid, *++ctx->argv, 0))
 		die("git update-index: --cacheinfo cannot add %s", *ctx->argv);
 	ctx->argc -= 3;
 	return 0;

@@ -893,7 +897,7 @@ static enum parse_opt_result stdin_cacheinfo_callback(
 	struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx, const struct option *opt,
 	const char *arg, int unset)
 {
-	int *nul_term_line = opt->value;
+	struct callback_data *cd = opt->value;
 
 	BUG_ON_OPT_NEG(unset);
 	BUG_ON_OPT_ARG(arg);

@@ -901,7 +905,7 @@ static enum parse_opt_result stdin_cacheinfo_callback(
 	if (ctx->argc != 1)
 		return error("option '%s' must be the last argument", opt->long_name);
 	allow_add = allow_replace = allow_remove = 1;
-	read_index_info(istate, *nul_term_line);
+	read_index_info(cd->istate, cd->nul_term_line);
 	return 0;
 }
 

@@ -909,14 +913,14 @@ static enum parse_opt_result stdin_callback(
 	struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx, const struct option *opt,
 	const char *arg, int unset)
 {
-	int *read_from_stdin = opt->value;
+	struct callback_data *cd = opt->value;
 
 	BUG_ON_OPT_NEG(unset);
 	BUG_ON_OPT_ARG(arg);
 
 	if (ctx->argc != 1)
 		return error("option '%s' must be the last argument", opt->long_name);
-	*read_from_stdin = 1;
+	cd->read_from_stdin = 1;
 	return 0;
 }
 

@@ -924,17 +928,17 @@ static enum parse_opt_result unresolve_callback(
 	struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx, const struct option *opt,
 	const char *arg, int unset)
 {
-	int *has_errors = opt->value;
 	const char *prefix = startup_info->prefix;
+	struct callback_data *cd = opt->value;
 
 	BUG_ON_OPT_NEG(unset);
 	BUG_ON_OPT_ARG(arg);
 
 	/* consume remaining arguments. */
-	*has_errors = do_unresolve(repo, istate, ctx->argc, ctx->argv,
-				   prefix, prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0);
-	if (*has_errors)
-		istate->cache_changed = 0;
+	cd->has_errors = do_unresolve(cd->repo, cd->istate, ctx->argc, ctx->argv,
+				      prefix, prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0);
+	if (cd->has_errors)
+		cd->istate->cache_changed = 0;
 
 	ctx->argv += ctx->argc - 1;
 	ctx->argc = 1;

@@ -945,17 +949,18 @@ static enum parse_opt_result reupdate_callback(
 	struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx, const struct option *opt,
 	const char *arg, int unset)
 {
-	int *has_errors = opt->value;
 	const char *prefix = startup_info->prefix;
+	struct callback_data *cd = opt->value;
 
 	BUG_ON_OPT_NEG(unset);
 	BUG_ON_OPT_ARG(arg);
 
 	/* consume remaining arguments. */
 	setup_work_tree();
-	*has_errors = do_reupdate(repo, istate, ctx->argc, ctx->argv, prefix);
-	if (*has_errors)
-		istate->cache_changed = 0;
+	cd->has_errors = do_reupdate(cd->repo, cd->istate,
+				     ctx->argc, ctx->argv, prefix);
+	if (cd->has_errors)
+		cd->istate->cache_changed = 0;
 
 	ctx->argv += ctx->argc - 1;
 	ctx->argc = 1;

@@ -964,13 +969,13 @@ static enum parse_opt_result reupdate_callback(
 
 int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int newfd, entries, has_errors = 0, nul_term_line = 0;
+	struct repository *repo = the_repository;
+	struct callback_data cd;
+	int newfd, entries;
 	enum uc_mode untracked_cache = UC_UNSPECIFIED;
-	int read_from_stdin = 0;
 	int prefix_length = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
 	int preferred_index_format = 0;
 	char set_executable_bit = 0;
-	struct refresh_params refresh_args = {0, &has_errors};
 	int lock_error = 0;
 	int split_index = -1;
 	int force_write = 0;

@@ -979,11 +984,13 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct parse_opt_ctx_t ctx;
 	strbuf_getline_fn getline_fn;
 	int parseopt_state = PARSE_OPT_UNKNOWN;
+	struct index_state *istate;
+
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_BIT('q', NULL, &refresh_args.flags,
+		OPT_BIT('q', NULL, &cd.flags,
 			N_("continue refresh even when index needs update"),
 			REFRESH_QUIET),
-		OPT_BIT(0, "ignore-submodules", &refresh_args.flags,
+		OPT_BIT(0, "ignore-submodules", &cd.flags,
 			N_("refresh: ignore submodules"),
 			REFRESH_IGNORE_SUBMODULES),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "add", &allow_add,

@@ -992,18 +999,18 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			N_("let files replace directories and vice-versa"), 1),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "remove", &allow_remove,
 			N_("notice files missing from worktree"), 1),
-		OPT_BIT(0, "unmerged", &refresh_args.flags,
+		OPT_BIT(0, "unmerged", &cd.flags,
 			N_("refresh even if index contains unmerged entries"),
 			REFRESH_UNMERGED),
-		OPT_CALLBACK_F(0, "refresh", &refresh_args, NULL,
+		OPT_CALLBACK_F(0, "refresh", &cd, NULL,
 			N_("refresh stat information"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			refresh_callback),
-		OPT_CALLBACK_F(0, "really-refresh", &refresh_args, NULL,
+		OPT_CALLBACK_F(0, "really-refresh", &cd, NULL,
 			N_("like --refresh, but ignore assume-unchanged setting"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			really_refresh_callback),
-		{OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK, 0, "cacheinfo", NULL,
+		{OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK, 0, "cacheinfo", &cd,
 			N_("<mode>,<object>,<path>"),
 			N_("add the specified entry to the index"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | /* disallow --cacheinfo=<mode> form */

@@ -1032,30 +1039,30 @@ int cmd_update_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			N_("add to index only; do not add content to object database"), 1),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "force-remove", &force_remove,
 			N_("remove named paths even if present in worktree"), 1),
-		OPT_BOOL('z', NULL, &nul_term_line,
+		OPT_BOOL('z', NULL, &cd.nul_term_line,
 			 N_("with --stdin: input lines are terminated by null bytes")),
-		{OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK, 0, "stdin", &read_from_stdin, NULL,
+		{OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK, 0, "stdin", &cd, NULL,
 			N_("read list of paths to be updated from standard input"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NOARG,
 			NULL, 0, stdin_callback},
-		{OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK, 0, "index-info", &nul_term_line, NULL,
+		{OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK, 0, "index-info", &cd, NULL,
 			N_("add entries from standard input to the index"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NOARG,
 			NULL, 0, stdin_cacheinfo_callback},
-		{OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK, 0, "unresolve", &has_errors, NULL,
+		{OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK, 0, "unresolve", &cd, NULL,
 			N_("repopulate stages #2 and #3 for the listed paths"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NOARG,
 			NULL, 0, unresolve_callback},
-		{OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK, 'g', "again", &has_errors, NULL,
+		{OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK, 'g', "again", &cd, NULL,
 			N_("only update entries that differ from HEAD"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NOARG,
 			NULL, 0, reupdate_callback},
-		OPT_BIT(0, "ignore-missing", &refresh_args.flags,
+		OPT_BIT(0, "ignore-missing", &cd.flags,
 			N_("ignore files missing from worktree"),
 			REFRESH_IGNORE_MISSING),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "verbose", &verbose,
 			N_("report actions to standard output"), 1),
-		OPT_CALLBACK_F(0, "clear-resolve-undo", NULL, NULL,
+		OPT_CALLBACK_F(0, "clear-resolve-undo", &cd, NULL,
 			N_("(for porcelains) forget saved unresolved conflicts"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			resolve_undo_clear_callback),